Bio 182 Exam 2with Questions And 100%
Correct Answers | Often Tested| Verified By
Expert | Brand New Update 2025.
Q: Which of these individuals has the highest biological fitness in an evolutionary sense?
A: An organism that dies after 5 days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to
reproduce ✔✔
Q: True or False: The genotype of an organism describes the physical traits that one can
observe.
A: False ✔✔
Q: Which of the following statement(s) regarding evolutionary adaptation is/are true?
Select ALL that apply.
A:
A trait that is adaptive in one environment may not be adaptive in a different
environment.
The adaptive value of a trait can change over time as the environment changes. ✔✔
Q: What are the core principles necessary for natural selection to occur in a population?
Select ALL that apply.
A:
Traits need to be passed on from parents to offspring
There needs to be variation in a population
Some organisms have a higher reproductive success than others ✔✔
Q: Evolution of a new trait typically takes many generations. Yet a dramatic shift in the
extent of armor plating in the Lake Washington stickleback population occurred in the 50
years following the cleanup of the lake. Which of the following best describes the
mechanism of the rapid evolution of the armor phenotype in the Lake Washington
sticklebacks?
, A: New selective pressures favored individuals with the plated phenotype, causing the plated
allele frequency in the population to quickly increase. ✔✔
Q: True or False: Sexual selection is a case of natural selection that describes evolution due
not to variable survival rates, but rather due to variable reproductive rates stemming from
characteristics that allow an individual to successfully attract a mate.
A: True ✔✔
Q: In the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, there has been intense
industrial fishing for large predatory fishes, such as Atlantic Cod. Prior to industrial
fishing, the relationship between the size of a fish at maturity and its fitness is shown by the
graph on the left (below). Fishing is size-selective, with fishers generally taking the largest
fish. The fitness function during industrial fishing is reflected in the graph on the right
(below). Based on this information, which of the following is true about the selection for
size at maturity?
A: Cod experienced balancing selection before industrial fishing, but now experience directional
selection. ✔✔
Q: A new plant population develops the ability to grow on high-zinc-soil and can do so at
concentrations which are otherwise lethal to plants of the same species. This is an example
of ___________ selection:
A: Directional ✔✔
Q: A farmer sprays insecticides on her crops to successfully get rid of weevils, a beetle pest.
After a few years of spraying the insecticide, she finds that weevils are becoming more and
more common again. What is the most likely explanation for this? Select only ONE answer
choice.
A: Weevils that are resistant to the insecticide are favoured by natural selection over weevils that
are susceptible to the insecticide. ✔✔
Q: According to the biological species concept, the main criterion for identifying a species
is:
A: Reproductive isolation ✔✔
Correct Answers | Often Tested| Verified By
Expert | Brand New Update 2025.
Q: Which of these individuals has the highest biological fitness in an evolutionary sense?
A: An organism that dies after 5 days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to
reproduce ✔✔
Q: True or False: The genotype of an organism describes the physical traits that one can
observe.
A: False ✔✔
Q: Which of the following statement(s) regarding evolutionary adaptation is/are true?
Select ALL that apply.
A:
A trait that is adaptive in one environment may not be adaptive in a different
environment.
The adaptive value of a trait can change over time as the environment changes. ✔✔
Q: What are the core principles necessary for natural selection to occur in a population?
Select ALL that apply.
A:
Traits need to be passed on from parents to offspring
There needs to be variation in a population
Some organisms have a higher reproductive success than others ✔✔
Q: Evolution of a new trait typically takes many generations. Yet a dramatic shift in the
extent of armor plating in the Lake Washington stickleback population occurred in the 50
years following the cleanup of the lake. Which of the following best describes the
mechanism of the rapid evolution of the armor phenotype in the Lake Washington
sticklebacks?
, A: New selective pressures favored individuals with the plated phenotype, causing the plated
allele frequency in the population to quickly increase. ✔✔
Q: True or False: Sexual selection is a case of natural selection that describes evolution due
not to variable survival rates, but rather due to variable reproductive rates stemming from
characteristics that allow an individual to successfully attract a mate.
A: True ✔✔
Q: In the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, there has been intense
industrial fishing for large predatory fishes, such as Atlantic Cod. Prior to industrial
fishing, the relationship between the size of a fish at maturity and its fitness is shown by the
graph on the left (below). Fishing is size-selective, with fishers generally taking the largest
fish. The fitness function during industrial fishing is reflected in the graph on the right
(below). Based on this information, which of the following is true about the selection for
size at maturity?
A: Cod experienced balancing selection before industrial fishing, but now experience directional
selection. ✔✔
Q: A new plant population develops the ability to grow on high-zinc-soil and can do so at
concentrations which are otherwise lethal to plants of the same species. This is an example
of ___________ selection:
A: Directional ✔✔
Q: A farmer sprays insecticides on her crops to successfully get rid of weevils, a beetle pest.
After a few years of spraying the insecticide, she finds that weevils are becoming more and
more common again. What is the most likely explanation for this? Select only ONE answer
choice.
A: Weevils that are resistant to the insecticide are favoured by natural selection over weevils that
are susceptible to the insecticide. ✔✔
Q: According to the biological species concept, the main criterion for identifying a species
is:
A: Reproductive isolation ✔✔
