NNP 1 EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Medical treatment of post Renal failure? - ANS fluid boluses
blood products
vasopressors
minimize fluid overload/assess for surgical correctable anomalies
adjust fluids and medications that worsen kidney failure
foley catheter for I/Os
Etiologies of Intrinsic ARF? - ANS Prolonged ischemia: Shock, hemorrhage, sepsis
Vascular lesions:
Thrombi
Nephrotoxins:
Indocin, ATBX, non steroidal anti-inflammatories
Pigments:
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,Myo- or hemoglobinemia
A one week of age, 34 week neonate develops feeding intolerance, vomiting, diarrhea, fever
irritability, rapid respirations, sweating, hyperactive reflexes. You suspect the infant is
experiencing what? - ANS NAS
What is a sub acute sign of NAS that may persist for 4-6 months? - ANS Feeding problems
What combination of sedative have been shown to decrease the severity of narcotic withdrawl
symptoms in the neonate? - ANS Phenobarbital and clonidine
In neonates, biotransformation or drug metabolism occurs most commonly in which organ? -
ANS Liver
The primary mechanism for excretion of many drugs commonly used in the NICU are glomular
filtration and what? - ANS Tubular Secretion
Therapeautic drug monitoring is required for aminoglycoside use due to neonatal decreased
what? - ANS Renal tubular excretion capacity
What is the diuretic that is most Calcium sparing? - ANS Diuril
What is the appropriate management for a neonatal serum trough level for vancomycin of
12mcg/ml? - ANS Maintain
What maternal factor lessens the severity of RDS? - ANS Maternal heroin addiction
The triad of bilateral cryptorchidism, abdominal wall flaccidity and urologic abnormalities is
consistent with what condition? - ANS Prune Belly Syndrome
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, A common reason for the dilation of the renal pelvis in the newborn is what? -
ANS Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
What is a common cause of virilization in a female neonate? - ANS Congenital adrenal
hypoplasia
What does care for a neonate born with hypospadias include? - ANS Withholding
circumcision
What is an accurate statement about sodium regulation? - ANS Oncotic and hydrostatic
pressure in the peri-tubular capillaries regulates sodium
When does fetal urine production begin? - ANS 10 weeks-12 weeks
What findings correlate with neonatal acute tubular necrosis (ATN)? - ANS Hyperglycemia,
hyperkalemia, serum BUN 36mg/dl
What are the 7 main kidney functions? - ANS -maintain plasma osmolarity
-electrolyte balance
-excretes nitrogenous end products
-produces erythropoietin
-metabolizes Vit D
-breaks down insulin
-produces prostaglandin
Abnormal ascent or rotation of the kidney in utero can lead to what? - ANS Horseshoe
kidney
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ANSWERS
Medical treatment of post Renal failure? - ANS fluid boluses
blood products
vasopressors
minimize fluid overload/assess for surgical correctable anomalies
adjust fluids and medications that worsen kidney failure
foley catheter for I/Os
Etiologies of Intrinsic ARF? - ANS Prolonged ischemia: Shock, hemorrhage, sepsis
Vascular lesions:
Thrombi
Nephrotoxins:
Indocin, ATBX, non steroidal anti-inflammatories
Pigments:
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Myo- or hemoglobinemia
A one week of age, 34 week neonate develops feeding intolerance, vomiting, diarrhea, fever
irritability, rapid respirations, sweating, hyperactive reflexes. You suspect the infant is
experiencing what? - ANS NAS
What is a sub acute sign of NAS that may persist for 4-6 months? - ANS Feeding problems
What combination of sedative have been shown to decrease the severity of narcotic withdrawl
symptoms in the neonate? - ANS Phenobarbital and clonidine
In neonates, biotransformation or drug metabolism occurs most commonly in which organ? -
ANS Liver
The primary mechanism for excretion of many drugs commonly used in the NICU are glomular
filtration and what? - ANS Tubular Secretion
Therapeautic drug monitoring is required for aminoglycoside use due to neonatal decreased
what? - ANS Renal tubular excretion capacity
What is the diuretic that is most Calcium sparing? - ANS Diuril
What is the appropriate management for a neonatal serum trough level for vancomycin of
12mcg/ml? - ANS Maintain
What maternal factor lessens the severity of RDS? - ANS Maternal heroin addiction
The triad of bilateral cryptorchidism, abdominal wall flaccidity and urologic abnormalities is
consistent with what condition? - ANS Prune Belly Syndrome
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, A common reason for the dilation of the renal pelvis in the newborn is what? -
ANS Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
What is a common cause of virilization in a female neonate? - ANS Congenital adrenal
hypoplasia
What does care for a neonate born with hypospadias include? - ANS Withholding
circumcision
What is an accurate statement about sodium regulation? - ANS Oncotic and hydrostatic
pressure in the peri-tubular capillaries regulates sodium
When does fetal urine production begin? - ANS 10 weeks-12 weeks
What findings correlate with neonatal acute tubular necrosis (ATN)? - ANS Hyperglycemia,
hyperkalemia, serum BUN 36mg/dl
What are the 7 main kidney functions? - ANS -maintain plasma osmolarity
-electrolyte balance
-excretes nitrogenous end products
-produces erythropoietin
-metabolizes Vit D
-breaks down insulin
-produces prostaglandin
Abnormal ascent or rotation of the kidney in utero can lead to what? - ANS Horseshoe
kidney
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
