ONS-ONCC CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE
EXAM LATEST QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Growth Signals - ANSWER>>-cancer cells are able to find their own growth
signals making them self-sufficient
Signal transduction - ANSWER>>-the communication or passage of a
message telling the cell to do a biologic process, such as make a protein,
divide, or make new blood vessels
Signal transduction steps - ANSWER>>1. Messages usually sent from outside
the cell where the messenger (ligand) first binds to the cell receptor which
extended through the cell membrane
The Normal Cell Cycle - ANSWER>>-The cell cycle refers to the ordered
seres of processes of DNA replication and mitosis, or cell division
,-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by gathering and processing
complexes molecular information
Interphase and Mitotic Phase - ANSWER>>Cell division produces two
identical cells through these two major phases
During interphase: - ANSWER>>Cell grows and DNA is replicated through
the following three steps:
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
,2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) - ANSWER>>-cells increase in size
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready to synthesis DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to days
Synthesis Phase (S phase) - ANSWER>>-DNA replicates
-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA (chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
, -lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) - ANSWER>>-Replicated chromosomes are aligned,
separated, and move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
Major points of cell regulation are entry and exit from - ANSWER>>-G1
checkpoint
-S Phase
-G2 checkpoint
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE
EXAM LATEST QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Growth Signals - ANSWER>>-cancer cells are able to find their own growth
signals making them self-sufficient
Signal transduction - ANSWER>>-the communication or passage of a
message telling the cell to do a biologic process, such as make a protein,
divide, or make new blood vessels
Signal transduction steps - ANSWER>>1. Messages usually sent from outside
the cell where the messenger (ligand) first binds to the cell receptor which
extended through the cell membrane
The Normal Cell Cycle - ANSWER>>-The cell cycle refers to the ordered
seres of processes of DNA replication and mitosis, or cell division
,-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by gathering and processing
complexes molecular information
Interphase and Mitotic Phase - ANSWER>>Cell division produces two
identical cells through these two major phases
During interphase: - ANSWER>>Cell grows and DNA is replicated through
the following three steps:
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
,2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) - ANSWER>>-cells increase in size
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready to synthesis DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to days
Synthesis Phase (S phase) - ANSWER>>-DNA replicates
-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA (chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
, -lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) - ANSWER>>-Replicated chromosomes are aligned,
separated, and move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
Major points of cell regulation are entry and exit from - ANSWER>>-G1
checkpoint
-S Phase
-G2 checkpoint
