APHY 102 Midterm Exam Ivy Tech Questions andgVerifiedgAnswersg 100%gCorrectg|gGradegA+

APHY 102 Midterm Exam - Ivy Tech
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Questions and Verified Answers g g g g




100% Correct | Grade A+ g g g g




1.What is a hormone and how does it act?
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Answer> Hormones are chemical messengers that are responsible for regu
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lation. They are into body fluids, mainly blood. It has specific actions on tar
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get tissues, which are any tissue that has specific receptors for that particu
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lar hormone.
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2.What is a paracrine gland?
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Answer> a secretion that enters interstitial fluid but affects only neighbor
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ing cells
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3.What is an autocrine gland?
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Answer> A secretion that only affects the secreting cell.
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4.What is an endocrine gland?
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,Answer> A gland that secretes a substance (a hormone) into the bloodstre
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am and act on target cells
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5.What is an exocrine gland?
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Answer> A ducted gland that produces a secretion onto a body surface.
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6.Where is the thymus located?
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Answer> mediastinum; behind the sternum
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7.Where is the pineal gland located?
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Answer> center of brain
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8.Where are the reproductive organs located?
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Answer> abdomen; pelvic
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9.Where is the pituitary gland located?
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Answer> sella turcica of the sphenoid bone; base of the brain
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10.Where are the adrenal glands located?
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Answer> on top of each kidney
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11.Where is the pancreas located?
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Answer> posterior to the stomach
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12.What are the two steroid hormones?
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Answer> Sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones; estrogen and te
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stosterone
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,13.Describe steroid hormones g g




Answer> -diffuse through cell membranes into cytoplasm or nucleus
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-combine with a receptor molecule binding to DNA
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-promote transcription of mRNA g g g




-mRNA enters cytoplasm directing protein synthesis
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14.Describe non-steroid hormones. g g




Answer> Amines, proteins, peptides, and glycopro-
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g teins. The endocrine gland secretes nonsteroid hormones, which body flui
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d carries hormone to its target cell. Hormone combines with receptor site o
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n membrane of its target cell, activating G protein. Cellular changes produ
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ce the hormone's effects.
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15.How is the anterior pituitary gland different than the posterior pituitary glan
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d?

Answer> The anterior pituitary becomes an endocrine gland producing and
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secreting hormones for the body and connects to the posterior pituitary w
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hen fully formed. Meanwhile, the posterior pituitary remains connected to
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the hypothalamus, func-
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g tioning as a repository for hormones produced by the hypothalamus and r
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eceiving messages from it that regulate when hormones are to be release
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, d to and through the anterior pituitary
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16.What regulates pituitary gland secretion?
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Answer> Hypothalamus g




17.Describe tropic hormones g g




Answer> stimulate other endocrine glands to release hor- mones
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18.anterior pituitary hormones g g




Answer> ACTH - g g




g controls manufacture and secretion of certain hormones from the outer
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layer of the adrenal gland. g g g g




FSH - g




g controls growth and development of follicles that house egg cells in ovarie
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and stimulate production of sperm cells in the testes.
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GH - stimulates cells to enlarge and more rapidly divide
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LH - g




g promotes secretion of sex hormones and allows release of egg cells from o
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aries

PRL - promotes milk production
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TSH - controls secretion of certain hormones from the thyroid
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19.posterior pituitary hormones g g


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