Advanced Heart Failure and Ventricular Assist Devices (VAD)
Actual Exam Questions With Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update (Verified Pass)
medical management
implantable cardioverter defibrillator
(ICD), biventricular pacemaker
surgical management: valve repair or re-
What are the treatment options for
placement, CABG
advanced heart failure
mechanical circulatory support devices:
balloon pump, ventricular assist device,
ECMO
cardiac transplant
bridge to a transplant - this will allow the
patient to go home from the hospital with
the hope that they will be able to get a
transplant in the future; this allows better
transplant outcomes
destination therapy -for people who
aren't transplant candidates
What are the indications for a
ventricular assist device (VAD) post cardiotomy - patient who was in
surgery and was unable to be weaned
from cardiopulmonary bypass (may get a
temporary VAD)
bridge to recovery - not as common but
can be used for short tor long term sup-
port before taking it out (eg. post-par-
dum, viral infections in younger people)
NYHA class III or IV HF or refractory HF
LV ejection fraction <25%
peak Vo2 <14
severe HF despite optimal medical ther-
apy
What are the clinical criteria for
inability to tolerate medical therapy
receiving and LVAD
they require inotropic support
does not respond to biventricular pacing
1 or more HF-related hospital admis-
sions in the past 6 months
recurrent symptomatic ventricular ar-
, Advanced Heart Failure and Ventricular Assist Devices (VAD)
Actual Exam Questions With Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update (Verified Pass)
rhythmias requiring defibrillation
progressive cardio-renal syndrome and
hyponatremia
ineligible for cardiac transplantation
ability to recover post-op
chance of surgical survival
rehabilitation potential long term
What are some factors that impact
social support
pa- tient selection and timing of LVAD
transplant candidacy
im- plantation
there are weekly staff meetings to go
over these factors
irreversible major end-organ failure
uncertain neurologic status
severe hemodynamic instability
complex comorbid conditions (eg. can-
cer)
sepsis/active infection
severe right heart failure
unresolved psychosocial issues (major
psychological disorder, poor social/finan-
What conditions that would make you cial support, noncompliance)
in- appropriate for a VAD physical or visual impairment that would
limit their safety taking care of themself
post-op (more of a consideration than
contraindication - blindness, UE amputa-
tion, etc)
cognitive or mental impairment
unable to tolerate anticoagulation (eg.
bleeding disorder)
severe: PVD, COPD, renal failure, dia-
betes, malnutrition, obesity
an implantable device designed to par-
tially replace the function of the failing
heart
What is a ventricular assist device
(VAD) provides mechanical support to restore
circulation
Actual Exam Questions With Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update (Verified Pass)
medical management
implantable cardioverter defibrillator
(ICD), biventricular pacemaker
surgical management: valve repair or re-
What are the treatment options for
placement, CABG
advanced heart failure
mechanical circulatory support devices:
balloon pump, ventricular assist device,
ECMO
cardiac transplant
bridge to a transplant - this will allow the
patient to go home from the hospital with
the hope that they will be able to get a
transplant in the future; this allows better
transplant outcomes
destination therapy -for people who
aren't transplant candidates
What are the indications for a
ventricular assist device (VAD) post cardiotomy - patient who was in
surgery and was unable to be weaned
from cardiopulmonary bypass (may get a
temporary VAD)
bridge to recovery - not as common but
can be used for short tor long term sup-
port before taking it out (eg. post-par-
dum, viral infections in younger people)
NYHA class III or IV HF or refractory HF
LV ejection fraction <25%
peak Vo2 <14
severe HF despite optimal medical ther-
apy
What are the clinical criteria for
inability to tolerate medical therapy
receiving and LVAD
they require inotropic support
does not respond to biventricular pacing
1 or more HF-related hospital admis-
sions in the past 6 months
recurrent symptomatic ventricular ar-
, Advanced Heart Failure and Ventricular Assist Devices (VAD)
Actual Exam Questions With Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update (Verified Pass)
rhythmias requiring defibrillation
progressive cardio-renal syndrome and
hyponatremia
ineligible for cardiac transplantation
ability to recover post-op
chance of surgical survival
rehabilitation potential long term
What are some factors that impact
social support
pa- tient selection and timing of LVAD
transplant candidacy
im- plantation
there are weekly staff meetings to go
over these factors
irreversible major end-organ failure
uncertain neurologic status
severe hemodynamic instability
complex comorbid conditions (eg. can-
cer)
sepsis/active infection
severe right heart failure
unresolved psychosocial issues (major
psychological disorder, poor social/finan-
What conditions that would make you cial support, noncompliance)
in- appropriate for a VAD physical or visual impairment that would
limit their safety taking care of themself
post-op (more of a consideration than
contraindication - blindness, UE amputa-
tion, etc)
cognitive or mental impairment
unable to tolerate anticoagulation (eg.
bleeding disorder)
severe: PVD, COPD, renal failure, dia-
betes, malnutrition, obesity
an implantable device designed to par-
tially replace the function of the failing
heart
What is a ventricular assist device
(VAD) provides mechanical support to restore
circulation
