CHEM 238 FINAL EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
In IR spectra, each functional group has different ______ & ______ modes which lead to
_________ - ANS bonding; stretching; difference absorbance
what must change in order for vibration to show in IR spectra? - ANS dipole of molecule
where is the fingerprint region located? - ANS 1400-400 nm
where are benzene, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups found in IR spectra? - ANS about 1500
with overtones, about 1700, and about 3000-3400 (broad)
what does h nmr tell you? - ANS hydrogen atoms of a compound
what does the number of signals in h nmr represent - ANS different hydrogen environements
what is the shift of signals dependent on in h nmr - ANS distance/proximity to
electronegative atoms
what does the splitting pattern of signals tell in h nmr - ANS information about the
surrounding proton environments
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, what does the integration in h nmr tell you - ANS the number of protons that are
represented in a peak
how to determine the multiplicity of a proton? - ANS use the n+1 rule
in preparation of aspirin, what was used to synthesize the final product - ANS salicylic acid
underwent acetylation
what is acetylation - ANS a hydroxyl group is converted into an ester
natural products - ANS chemical compounds produced by living organisms (restricted to
secondary metabolites in chemistry)
primary metabolites examples - ANS biomolecules, lipids, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids,
saccharides
secondary metabolites - ANS not essential for survival but have evolutionary advantage to
producing organisms
what was the first synthesized drug, what did it do, and what did it cause - ANS aspirin; pain
relief; birth of pharma
what happens when a phenol is transformed into an ester - ANS an alcohol is transformed
into an ester
what is the ferric chloride test - ANS tests for phenols
what does a purple ferric chloride test indicate - ANS presence of phenol group
2|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
In IR spectra, each functional group has different ______ & ______ modes which lead to
_________ - ANS bonding; stretching; difference absorbance
what must change in order for vibration to show in IR spectra? - ANS dipole of molecule
where is the fingerprint region located? - ANS 1400-400 nm
where are benzene, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups found in IR spectra? - ANS about 1500
with overtones, about 1700, and about 3000-3400 (broad)
what does h nmr tell you? - ANS hydrogen atoms of a compound
what does the number of signals in h nmr represent - ANS different hydrogen environements
what is the shift of signals dependent on in h nmr - ANS distance/proximity to
electronegative atoms
what does the splitting pattern of signals tell in h nmr - ANS information about the
surrounding proton environments
1|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
, what does the integration in h nmr tell you - ANS the number of protons that are
represented in a peak
how to determine the multiplicity of a proton? - ANS use the n+1 rule
in preparation of aspirin, what was used to synthesize the final product - ANS salicylic acid
underwent acetylation
what is acetylation - ANS a hydroxyl group is converted into an ester
natural products - ANS chemical compounds produced by living organisms (restricted to
secondary metabolites in chemistry)
primary metabolites examples - ANS biomolecules, lipids, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids,
saccharides
secondary metabolites - ANS not essential for survival but have evolutionary advantage to
producing organisms
what was the first synthesized drug, what did it do, and what did it cause - ANS aspirin; pain
relief; birth of pharma
what happens when a phenol is transformed into an ester - ANS an alcohol is transformed
into an ester
what is the ferric chloride test - ANS tests for phenols
what does a purple ferric chloride test indicate - ANS presence of phenol group
2|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
