1|Page
MCB 150 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025 FEATURING 400 ACCURATE
AND VERIFIED QUESTIONS COVERING MOLECULAR AND
CELLULAR BIOLOGY, INCLUDING DNA REPLICATION,
TRANSCRIPTION, TRANSLATION, CELL STRUCTURE, AND GENE
REGULATION
A human mother's genes seem to influence brain development while a human father's genes
seem to influence growth. What does this imply?
(A) Brain development genes are on the X chromosome and growth genes are on the Y
chromosome.
(B) Mothers and fathers both imprint brain development genes.
(C) The mother imprints brain development genes and the father imprints growth genes.
(D) The mother imprints growth genes and the father imprints brain development genes. -
ANSWER-D
What is the probability that a mouse pup (male or female) from a heterozygous normal-size
mother (Ifg2 Igf2-) and a homozygous dwarf father (Igf2- Igf2-) is normal-sized?
(A) 0%
(B) 25%
(C) 50%
(D) 75%
(E) 100% - ANSWER-A
You have discovered a diploid, multicellular organism with sex chromosome production and
function resembling humans. However, in this life form, the males have two copies of the sex
,2|Page
chromosome M (MM), while the females have one copy of the sex chromosome M and one
copy of the sex chromosome J (MJ). Which of the following statements is most likely correct
about this life form? Choose all that apply.
(A) The males of this species inactivate an M chromosome.
(B) Females of this species have structures resembling Barr bodies in their cells.
(C) Mosaicism of M-linked traits occurs in males of the species.
(D) Males and females of this species are equally likely to practice dosage compensation. -
ANSWER-A and C
The crossover frequency for two genes on the same chromosome is experimentally determined
to be 7 times in 1,000 offspring. This leads to the conclusion that the genes are
_______________.
(A) far from each other and 7 mu apart
(B) close to each other and 7 mu apart
(C) far from each other and 0.7 mu apart
(D) close to each other and 0.7 mu apart
(E) far from each other and 70 mu apart
(F) close to each other and 70 mu apart - ANSWER-D
A cell has three X chromosomes, but one of those chromosomes has a large deletion mutation
in its Xic. How many Barr bodies is this cell likely to have?
(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) 3 - ANSWER-B
,3|Page
Organellar genomes in higher eukarytoes are typically _______________.
(A) derived from the nuclear genome
(B) paternally inherited
(C) maternally inherited - ANSWER-C
Consider the following statements about mitochondria:
(1) Mitochondria have genomes which need to be replicated, but the gene for mitochondrial
DNA polymerase is not found on the mitochondrial genome itself.
(2) Mitochondria evolved from prokaryotic ancestors with circular genomes, but have adapted
to their eukaryotic hosts by changing their genomes to linear chromosomes for consistency.
Determine which of the options below is correct.
(A) Statements I) and II) are both true.
(B) Statements I) and II) are both false.
(C) Statement I) is true; statement II) is false.
(D) Statement I) is false; statement II) is true. - ANSWER-C
Identify the drug treatments that would be considered precision medicine. Choose all that
apply.
(A) docetaxol
(B) carboplatin
(C) trastuzumab - ANSWER-C
, 4|Page
Identify the treatments most likely to be effective for patients with TNBC. Choose all that apply.
(A) surgery
(B) chemotherapy (docetaxel, carboplatin)
(C) trastuzumab
(D) tamoxifen - ANSWER-A and B
Some cells divide constantly, whereas other cells rarely divide if at all. Rank the following cell
types by their frequency of cell division from never to constantly.
(A) Sensory neurons
(B) Liver cells
(C) Hair cells - ANSWER-Sensory neurons < Liver cells < Hair cells
During interphase, a eukaryotic cell would be expected to __________.
(A) Grow in size
(B) Replicate its DNA
(C) Prepare for mitosis
(D) Complete cytokinesis - ANSWER-A, B, and C
The cell cycle is regulated by checkpoints during _______ phase.
(A) G1
(B) S
(C) G2
MCB 150 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025 FEATURING 400 ACCURATE
AND VERIFIED QUESTIONS COVERING MOLECULAR AND
CELLULAR BIOLOGY, INCLUDING DNA REPLICATION,
TRANSCRIPTION, TRANSLATION, CELL STRUCTURE, AND GENE
REGULATION
A human mother's genes seem to influence brain development while a human father's genes
seem to influence growth. What does this imply?
(A) Brain development genes are on the X chromosome and growth genes are on the Y
chromosome.
(B) Mothers and fathers both imprint brain development genes.
(C) The mother imprints brain development genes and the father imprints growth genes.
(D) The mother imprints growth genes and the father imprints brain development genes. -
ANSWER-D
What is the probability that a mouse pup (male or female) from a heterozygous normal-size
mother (Ifg2 Igf2-) and a homozygous dwarf father (Igf2- Igf2-) is normal-sized?
(A) 0%
(B) 25%
(C) 50%
(D) 75%
(E) 100% - ANSWER-A
You have discovered a diploid, multicellular organism with sex chromosome production and
function resembling humans. However, in this life form, the males have two copies of the sex
,2|Page
chromosome M (MM), while the females have one copy of the sex chromosome M and one
copy of the sex chromosome J (MJ). Which of the following statements is most likely correct
about this life form? Choose all that apply.
(A) The males of this species inactivate an M chromosome.
(B) Females of this species have structures resembling Barr bodies in their cells.
(C) Mosaicism of M-linked traits occurs in males of the species.
(D) Males and females of this species are equally likely to practice dosage compensation. -
ANSWER-A and C
The crossover frequency for two genes on the same chromosome is experimentally determined
to be 7 times in 1,000 offspring. This leads to the conclusion that the genes are
_______________.
(A) far from each other and 7 mu apart
(B) close to each other and 7 mu apart
(C) far from each other and 0.7 mu apart
(D) close to each other and 0.7 mu apart
(E) far from each other and 70 mu apart
(F) close to each other and 70 mu apart - ANSWER-D
A cell has three X chromosomes, but one of those chromosomes has a large deletion mutation
in its Xic. How many Barr bodies is this cell likely to have?
(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) 3 - ANSWER-B
,3|Page
Organellar genomes in higher eukarytoes are typically _______________.
(A) derived from the nuclear genome
(B) paternally inherited
(C) maternally inherited - ANSWER-C
Consider the following statements about mitochondria:
(1) Mitochondria have genomes which need to be replicated, but the gene for mitochondrial
DNA polymerase is not found on the mitochondrial genome itself.
(2) Mitochondria evolved from prokaryotic ancestors with circular genomes, but have adapted
to their eukaryotic hosts by changing their genomes to linear chromosomes for consistency.
Determine which of the options below is correct.
(A) Statements I) and II) are both true.
(B) Statements I) and II) are both false.
(C) Statement I) is true; statement II) is false.
(D) Statement I) is false; statement II) is true. - ANSWER-C
Identify the drug treatments that would be considered precision medicine. Choose all that
apply.
(A) docetaxol
(B) carboplatin
(C) trastuzumab - ANSWER-C
, 4|Page
Identify the treatments most likely to be effective for patients with TNBC. Choose all that apply.
(A) surgery
(B) chemotherapy (docetaxel, carboplatin)
(C) trastuzumab
(D) tamoxifen - ANSWER-A and B
Some cells divide constantly, whereas other cells rarely divide if at all. Rank the following cell
types by their frequency of cell division from never to constantly.
(A) Sensory neurons
(B) Liver cells
(C) Hair cells - ANSWER-Sensory neurons < Liver cells < Hair cells
During interphase, a eukaryotic cell would be expected to __________.
(A) Grow in size
(B) Replicate its DNA
(C) Prepare for mitosis
(D) Complete cytokinesis - ANSWER-A, B, and C
The cell cycle is regulated by checkpoints during _______ phase.
(A) G1
(B) S
(C) G2
