Fundamental of Nurs ing أساسيات التمريض
Lecture "10" / Asepsis, Infection, Stage of Infection, Types of
Infection, Disinfection and Sterilization, Surgical
Sterilization, Medical Sterilization, Kind of Disinfectant
and Sterilization of Surgical Equipment, Principle of
Dressing.
Asepsis- is a condition in which no living disease-causing microorganisms
are present.
Infection- is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and
the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they
produce.
Types of Infection; Infections are caused by infectious agents (pathogens)
including:
* Bacteria, as ( Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus
aureus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium botulinum, and Salmonella spp.).
* Viruses, as (HIV, Rhinovirus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus.
* Fungi.
* Parasites, as (Malaria, Toxoplasma, Worms or helminths).
* Arthropods, as (Ticks, Mites, Fleas, and Lice).
Stages of Infection: There are four stages of infection:
1. Incubation period- includes the time from exposure to an infectious
agent until the onset of symptoms (many days or months).
66
, Fundamental of Nurs ing أساسيات التمريض
2. Illness period- includes the time when a person shows apparent
symptoms of an infectious disease.
3. Decline period – the stage when the immune system plays a successful
defense against the pathogens, and the number of infectious particles
decreases, and the symptoms will gradually improve.
4. Convalescence period - during this stage, symptoms resolve, and a
person can return to their normal functions. Depending on the severity
of the infection, some people may have permanent damage even after
the infection resolves.
Disinfection- is the process by which the contagious agents are destroyed
without any effect on the spores.
Sterilization- is the process by which all micro-organism including spores
are destroyed.
67
Lecture "10" / Asepsis, Infection, Stage of Infection, Types of
Infection, Disinfection and Sterilization, Surgical
Sterilization, Medical Sterilization, Kind of Disinfectant
and Sterilization of Surgical Equipment, Principle of
Dressing.
Asepsis- is a condition in which no living disease-causing microorganisms
are present.
Infection- is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and
the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they
produce.
Types of Infection; Infections are caused by infectious agents (pathogens)
including:
* Bacteria, as ( Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus
aureus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium botulinum, and Salmonella spp.).
* Viruses, as (HIV, Rhinovirus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus.
* Fungi.
* Parasites, as (Malaria, Toxoplasma, Worms or helminths).
* Arthropods, as (Ticks, Mites, Fleas, and Lice).
Stages of Infection: There are four stages of infection:
1. Incubation period- includes the time from exposure to an infectious
agent until the onset of symptoms (many days or months).
66
, Fundamental of Nurs ing أساسيات التمريض
2. Illness period- includes the time when a person shows apparent
symptoms of an infectious disease.
3. Decline period – the stage when the immune system plays a successful
defense against the pathogens, and the number of infectious particles
decreases, and the symptoms will gradually improve.
4. Convalescence period - during this stage, symptoms resolve, and a
person can return to their normal functions. Depending on the severity
of the infection, some people may have permanent damage even after
the infection resolves.
Disinfection- is the process by which the contagious agents are destroyed
without any effect on the spores.
Sterilization- is the process by which all micro-organism including spores
are destroyed.
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