SonoSim Ultrasound Exam 2025 – Full Review
Pack – A+ Graded Submission Passed with
Distinction
What bony structure of the ilium can be seen when imaging the proximal attachment of the rectus
femoris muscle? - ✔✔Anterior inferior iliac spine (most anterolateral segment of bony acetabulum)
--- - ✔✔---
Trace blood flow from the femoral artery to the dorsalis pedis artery, noting any relevant landmarks
related to the naming of arteries. - ✔✔femoral artery ---> (adductor canal) ---> (popliteal fossa) --->
popliteal artery ---> anterior tibial artery ---> dorsalis pedis artery
Does blood flow at a higher rate near the center of a vessel lumen or near the vessel wall? Why? -
✔✔center of vessel lumen (laminar flow) due to dissipation of energy
How would turbulent blood flow appear on a color Doppler? - ✔✔heterogenous (many colors) and
maybe blood flow in different directions
What vessel wall layer is typically larger in arteries compared to veins? How does this affect the
compressibility of arteries vs. veins? - ✔✔tunica media
vein collapses easily, artery does not
Does the lumen size of arteries vary with respiration? - ✔✔no (vein size does)
How are the colors of color flow Doppler imaging conventionally determined? - ✔✔red = toward
transducer
blue = away from transducer
, Would the same frequency probe be used to image the abdominal aorta and femoral artery? Why or
why not? - ✔✔low for aorta and high for femoral. different depth
How should the transducer be oriented when tracing an artery vs. imaging with color flow Doppler? -
✔✔tracing an artery - both long and short axis orientations (toward head or right)
imaging with color flow doppler - long axis
Describe how you could differentiate between a small artery and vein without using color Doppler? -
✔✔transducer compression and look for "kick-back" in artery
--- - ✔✔---
Why is the left common iliac vein longer than the corresponding vein on the right side? - ✔✔IVC is on
right side of body
When does the external iliac vein become the femoral vein? - ✔✔inferior to the inguinal ligament
Describe how of the contents of the femoral triangle are arranged from lateral to medial. - ✔✔Femoral
Nerve, Artery, Vein
With the transducer positioned posteriorly in the popliteal fossa, will the popliteal artery or vein appear
near the top of the sonographic image? - ✔✔popliteal vein
Describe the location and course of the greater and lesser saphenous veins. - ✔✔1. greater originates on
medial side of dorsal venous network and travels proximally anteromedially to medial malleolus. Runs
along anteromedial aspect of calf and thigh. drains into common femoral vein several cm prior to
inguinal lig after traveling through saphenous opening in fascia latae (longest vein in body). perforating
veins connect greater and lesser
2. lesser originates along the lateral aspect of the dorsal venous network of the foot. travels proximally
posterior to lateral malleolus ascending along the midline of the posterior calf. perforates the deep
fascia and passes deep to the proximal heads of the gastrocnemius and drains into popliteal vein. many
tributaries and numerous venous valves
Pack – A+ Graded Submission Passed with
Distinction
What bony structure of the ilium can be seen when imaging the proximal attachment of the rectus
femoris muscle? - ✔✔Anterior inferior iliac spine (most anterolateral segment of bony acetabulum)
--- - ✔✔---
Trace blood flow from the femoral artery to the dorsalis pedis artery, noting any relevant landmarks
related to the naming of arteries. - ✔✔femoral artery ---> (adductor canal) ---> (popliteal fossa) --->
popliteal artery ---> anterior tibial artery ---> dorsalis pedis artery
Does blood flow at a higher rate near the center of a vessel lumen or near the vessel wall? Why? -
✔✔center of vessel lumen (laminar flow) due to dissipation of energy
How would turbulent blood flow appear on a color Doppler? - ✔✔heterogenous (many colors) and
maybe blood flow in different directions
What vessel wall layer is typically larger in arteries compared to veins? How does this affect the
compressibility of arteries vs. veins? - ✔✔tunica media
vein collapses easily, artery does not
Does the lumen size of arteries vary with respiration? - ✔✔no (vein size does)
How are the colors of color flow Doppler imaging conventionally determined? - ✔✔red = toward
transducer
blue = away from transducer
, Would the same frequency probe be used to image the abdominal aorta and femoral artery? Why or
why not? - ✔✔low for aorta and high for femoral. different depth
How should the transducer be oriented when tracing an artery vs. imaging with color flow Doppler? -
✔✔tracing an artery - both long and short axis orientations (toward head or right)
imaging with color flow doppler - long axis
Describe how you could differentiate between a small artery and vein without using color Doppler? -
✔✔transducer compression and look for "kick-back" in artery
--- - ✔✔---
Why is the left common iliac vein longer than the corresponding vein on the right side? - ✔✔IVC is on
right side of body
When does the external iliac vein become the femoral vein? - ✔✔inferior to the inguinal ligament
Describe how of the contents of the femoral triangle are arranged from lateral to medial. - ✔✔Femoral
Nerve, Artery, Vein
With the transducer positioned posteriorly in the popliteal fossa, will the popliteal artery or vein appear
near the top of the sonographic image? - ✔✔popliteal vein
Describe the location and course of the greater and lesser saphenous veins. - ✔✔1. greater originates on
medial side of dorsal venous network and travels proximally anteromedially to medial malleolus. Runs
along anteromedial aspect of calf and thigh. drains into common femoral vein several cm prior to
inguinal lig after traveling through saphenous opening in fascia latae (longest vein in body). perforating
veins connect greater and lesser
2. lesser originates along the lateral aspect of the dorsal venous network of the foot. travels proximally
posterior to lateral malleolus ascending along the midline of the posterior calf. perforates the deep
fascia and passes deep to the proximal heads of the gastrocnemius and drains into popliteal vein. many
tributaries and numerous venous valves
