UCLA Anthropology 2 - Archaeology: Introduction
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4zqbjz
1. Uruk: Mesopotamian city; ritual activity; temple mounds bc temple got added to
as time went by; 400 Hectares (huge excavation that takes lots of people and time
to do)
2. Nippur: Mesopotamian city; map-making on clay tablets
3. Why is it hard to excavate in mesopotamia: political situation; such a large area
takes a lot of archaeologists
4. 10 definitions of city (Gordon Childe): 1. large # of ppl in a small space
2. specialized craft
3. control of surplus by authority
4. monumental public architecture
5. developed social stratification
6. writing or form of record keeping
7. mathematics or other sciences
8. art
9. foreign trade
10. group membership based on residence not kinship
5. Ur main arguments: -Humans became city dwellers 5,000 years ago; most
dramatic and rapid transition in human history; cities cannot sustain themselves,
thats why its important to have specialized crafts; Uruk-first city in Mesopotamia
(3200 BC, but cities arrived 1000 years before then); it's hard to excavate large
areas like mesopotamia -- use of satellite imagery important; Tell Brak - early city;
early cities had extended kinship (kinship beyond immediate blood family); cities are
accidental
6. significance of Code of Hammurabi: equal access to justice, but compensation
for crime committed against you depends on both parties' social status
7. significant excavations from Mesopotamia: Ziggarat; clay-tablet from Nippur;
temple mounds in Uruk
8. How did ppl communicate before writing?: Rock art, figurines (Indus valley),
designs on pottery
9. What advtanges did Qin dynasty have?: 1) geographic location: protected by
mountains and narrow passes
2) physical vigor of its rulers
3) lack of coordination among its opponents:
10. Why did Qin dynasty fail?: ruthlessness of Qin emperor;
11. What are excavated materials from Qin dynasty?: Terra Cotta Warriors; Great
Wall of China
12. How did Chinese bureaucracy organize ppl (Yates): 1) construction projects
2) military groups
3) strict punishment for breaking the law
1/7
, UCLA Anthropology 2 - Archaeology: Introduction
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4zqbjz
4) Calendars
5) made ppl register their names
6) official language
13. Yates main arguments: -there is no "chineseness" or unified chinese culture
-The Qin only lasted a few years beyond the death of its first empire because the
entire structure was reliant on the emperor himself
-lots of bureaucratic organization
-Chinese cosmography + cosmology important to chinese civilization, as well as
military bureaucratic organization, and legal systemization
14. How long did qin dynasty last: 221-210 BCE but it was centuries in the making,
the dynasty didn't just get created overnight
15. Advantages to Ancient Greece location?: -near coast and near mountains
-near sea so trade is made easier
16. History of mediterranean world?: Crete 2000 BCE --> Mycenaeans
1500-1200 BCE --> Phonecians 1000 BCE
17. Ancient Crete: Palaces; social stratification; fancy decorations; ritual/athletic
activity; nature has upper hand bc of earthquakes; taken over by Myceneans
18. Ancient Myceneans: -Palaces, walls, tombs, fancy burials
-Bridges, dams (productive agriculture)
-Skyrocketing of trade (Uluburu shipwreck)
-Constant warfare (Trojan War)
19. Ancient Phonecians: -Area: Levant (Palestine, Jordan, etc)
-Traded all the way to Spain, Sicily, North Africa by sailing
20. Lentjes main arguments: -1000 BCE creation of Greek city-states
-Extraction of resources/surplus from colonies (heavily helped economy)
-Productive infrastructure
-Extensive trade activity, coinage
-Long-distance trade and colonization
-Commodity production instead of self-sufficient production
-Political life is not tied directly to economic life; market system evolve on their own.
-Shift from self sufficiency to market paved way for large scale land exploitation after
Roman conquest
21. Importance of water in Mediterranean: -enables people to bring large amount
of quantities from one place to the next
-makes trade a huge economic resource
-globalized trade--> monetized economy w/ coinage; however, this brings in risks bc
there is commodity farming not self sufficient farming
22. Rome: 753 BCE: founding of rome
2/7
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4zqbjz
1. Uruk: Mesopotamian city; ritual activity; temple mounds bc temple got added to
as time went by; 400 Hectares (huge excavation that takes lots of people and time
to do)
2. Nippur: Mesopotamian city; map-making on clay tablets
3. Why is it hard to excavate in mesopotamia: political situation; such a large area
takes a lot of archaeologists
4. 10 definitions of city (Gordon Childe): 1. large # of ppl in a small space
2. specialized craft
3. control of surplus by authority
4. monumental public architecture
5. developed social stratification
6. writing or form of record keeping
7. mathematics or other sciences
8. art
9. foreign trade
10. group membership based on residence not kinship
5. Ur main arguments: -Humans became city dwellers 5,000 years ago; most
dramatic and rapid transition in human history; cities cannot sustain themselves,
thats why its important to have specialized crafts; Uruk-first city in Mesopotamia
(3200 BC, but cities arrived 1000 years before then); it's hard to excavate large
areas like mesopotamia -- use of satellite imagery important; Tell Brak - early city;
early cities had extended kinship (kinship beyond immediate blood family); cities are
accidental
6. significance of Code of Hammurabi: equal access to justice, but compensation
for crime committed against you depends on both parties' social status
7. significant excavations from Mesopotamia: Ziggarat; clay-tablet from Nippur;
temple mounds in Uruk
8. How did ppl communicate before writing?: Rock art, figurines (Indus valley),
designs on pottery
9. What advtanges did Qin dynasty have?: 1) geographic location: protected by
mountains and narrow passes
2) physical vigor of its rulers
3) lack of coordination among its opponents:
10. Why did Qin dynasty fail?: ruthlessness of Qin emperor;
11. What are excavated materials from Qin dynasty?: Terra Cotta Warriors; Great
Wall of China
12. How did Chinese bureaucracy organize ppl (Yates): 1) construction projects
2) military groups
3) strict punishment for breaking the law
1/7
, UCLA Anthropology 2 - Archaeology: Introduction
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4zqbjz
4) Calendars
5) made ppl register their names
6) official language
13. Yates main arguments: -there is no "chineseness" or unified chinese culture
-The Qin only lasted a few years beyond the death of its first empire because the
entire structure was reliant on the emperor himself
-lots of bureaucratic organization
-Chinese cosmography + cosmology important to chinese civilization, as well as
military bureaucratic organization, and legal systemization
14. How long did qin dynasty last: 221-210 BCE but it was centuries in the making,
the dynasty didn't just get created overnight
15. Advantages to Ancient Greece location?: -near coast and near mountains
-near sea so trade is made easier
16. History of mediterranean world?: Crete 2000 BCE --> Mycenaeans
1500-1200 BCE --> Phonecians 1000 BCE
17. Ancient Crete: Palaces; social stratification; fancy decorations; ritual/athletic
activity; nature has upper hand bc of earthquakes; taken over by Myceneans
18. Ancient Myceneans: -Palaces, walls, tombs, fancy burials
-Bridges, dams (productive agriculture)
-Skyrocketing of trade (Uluburu shipwreck)
-Constant warfare (Trojan War)
19. Ancient Phonecians: -Area: Levant (Palestine, Jordan, etc)
-Traded all the way to Spain, Sicily, North Africa by sailing
20. Lentjes main arguments: -1000 BCE creation of Greek city-states
-Extraction of resources/surplus from colonies (heavily helped economy)
-Productive infrastructure
-Extensive trade activity, coinage
-Long-distance trade and colonization
-Commodity production instead of self-sufficient production
-Political life is not tied directly to economic life; market system evolve on their own.
-Shift from self sufficiency to market paved way for large scale land exploitation after
Roman conquest
21. Importance of water in Mediterranean: -enables people to bring large amount
of quantities from one place to the next
-makes trade a huge economic resource
-globalized trade--> monetized economy w/ coinage; however, this brings in risks bc
there is commodity farming not self sufficient farming
22. Rome: 753 BCE: founding of rome
2/7
