COMSAE LEVEL 2 111 EXAM NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM WITH COMPLETE 80 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY
GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS
prevalence vs incidence
Prevalence - number of cases at a particular time
Incidence - number of new cases
odds ratio vs relative risk
odds ratio: for case control studies control for disease and examine exposure
odds dz+ in exposed group/odds dz+ in unexposed
(a/b)/(c/d)
ratio is not a fraction! so the bottom number is not the total its the unaffected
relative risk: for cohort studies that control for exposures and examine who got
the disease
prob getting dz exposed/prob getting dz unexposed
,a/(a+b) / c/(c+d)
When is an odds ratio used
case-control studies
When is a relative risk ratio used?
RCT or Cohort study
Delayed puberty in girls
Absence of secondary sexual characteristics by age 13
failure of menarche by 16
delayed puberty in males
no testicular growth has occurred by age 14 or no skeletal growth spurt has
occurred by age 18
, constitutional growth delay
MCC of growth delay. growth lags behind others in same age but remains
consistent. Often there is family history
Will have delayed bone age
Bence-Jones proteinuria
tubular casts with foreign body giant cell reaction
light chains are toxic to the renal tubular epithelium
occurs in MM
Multiple myeloma CRAB
C: hypercalcemia
R: renal involvement w/ proteinuria (amyloid)
EXAM WITH COMPLETE 80 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY
GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS
prevalence vs incidence
Prevalence - number of cases at a particular time
Incidence - number of new cases
odds ratio vs relative risk
odds ratio: for case control studies control for disease and examine exposure
odds dz+ in exposed group/odds dz+ in unexposed
(a/b)/(c/d)
ratio is not a fraction! so the bottom number is not the total its the unaffected
relative risk: for cohort studies that control for exposures and examine who got
the disease
prob getting dz exposed/prob getting dz unexposed
,a/(a+b) / c/(c+d)
When is an odds ratio used
case-control studies
When is a relative risk ratio used?
RCT or Cohort study
Delayed puberty in girls
Absence of secondary sexual characteristics by age 13
failure of menarche by 16
delayed puberty in males
no testicular growth has occurred by age 14 or no skeletal growth spurt has
occurred by age 18
, constitutional growth delay
MCC of growth delay. growth lags behind others in same age but remains
consistent. Often there is family history
Will have delayed bone age
Bence-Jones proteinuria
tubular casts with foreign body giant cell reaction
light chains are toxic to the renal tubular epithelium
occurs in MM
Multiple myeloma CRAB
C: hypercalcemia
R: renal involvement w/ proteinuria (amyloid)
