Nursing Management of Burn Injuries
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1. Thermal burns: Caused by flame, flash fire, scald, or contact with hot objects.
2. Chemical burns: Result from tissue injury and destruction from acids, alkalis,
and organic compounds.
3. Smoke and inhalation injury: Result from inhalation of hot air or noxious chem-
icals causing damage to the respiratory tract.
4. Electrical burns: Injuries caused by electric current passing through the body.
5. Cold thermal injury: Injury caused by exposure to cold temperatures.
6. Fluid loss: Loss of fluids through open skin, which is a major concern in burn
injuries.
7. Infection: The biggest concern in thermal burns.
8. Carbon monoxide poisoning: Occurs when carbon monoxide displaces oxygen
in the body, leading to hypoxia and potentially death.
9. Inhalation injury above the glottis: Upper airway injury caused by hot air,
steam, or smoke leading to mucosal burns.
10. Inhalation injury below the glottis: Injury related to the length of exposure to
smoke or toxic fumes, potentially leading to pulmonary edema.
11. Severity of electrical burns: Depends on amount of voltage, tissue resistance,
current pathways, surface area, and duration of the flow.
12. Iceberg effect: The phenomenon where most damage from electrical burns is
beneath the skin, making assessment difficult.
13. Dysrhythmias: Irregular heartbeats that can occur as a result of electrical
burns.
14. Metabolic acidosis: A condition that can be caused by electrical burns, leading
to severe health issues.
15. Myoglobinuria: The presence of myoglobin in urine, which can occur after
electrical burns.
16. Classification of burn injury: Severity is determined by depth, extent, location,
and client risk factors.
17. First-degree burn: A burn that affects only the outer layer of skin.
18. Second-degree burn: A burn that affects both the outer layer and the underlying
layer of skin.
19. Third-degree burn: A burn that extends through the layers of skin and affects
deeper tissues.
20. Fourth-degree burn: A burn that extends through the skin and underlying
tissues, potentially affecting muscle and bone.
21. Pulmonary edema: Fluid accumulation in the lungs that may not appear until
12-24 hours after a burn.
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, Nursing Management of Burn Injuries
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22. Acute respiratory distress syndrome: A severe lung condition that can man-
ifest after inhalation injury.
23. Partial-thickness burn: A burn that involves the epidermis and part of the
dermis.
24. Full-thickness burn: A burn that involves fat, muscle, and bone.
25. Superficial partial-thickness burn: A first-degree burn that involves the epi-
dermis.
26. Deep partial-thickness burn: A second-degree burn that involves the dermis.
27. Full-thickness burn: A third- and fourth-degree burn that involves fat, muscle,
and bone.
28. Total Body Surface Area (TBSA): A measurement used to determine the
extent of burns.
29. Lund-Browder chart: A guide considered more accurate for assessing TBSA,
accounting for age in proportion to body size.
30. Rule of nines chart: A guide considered adequate for initial assessment of adult
clients' TBSA.
31. Circumferential burns: Burns that encircle an extremity, which can cause cir-
culatory compromise.
32. Compartment syndrome: A condition that can develop due to increased pres-
sure in a muscle compartment, often related to burns.
33. Client risk factors: Factors that may lead to poorer prognosis in burn recovery,
such as older age and pre-existing health conditions.
34. Emergent phase: The period required to resolve immediate, life-threatening
problems from injury, usually lasting up to 72 hours.
35. Hypovolemic shock: A condition that occurs due to a massive shift of fluids out
of blood vessels, posing a great threat after burns.
36. Fluid mobilization: The process that begins after the emergent phase, indicat-
ing the start of recovery from hypovolemic shock.
37. Pre-hospital care for small thermal burns: Cover with a clean, cool, tap
water-dampened towel.
38. Pre-hospital care for large thermal burns: Prioritize circulation, airway, breath-
ing (CAB) and do not immerse in cool water or pack with ice.
39. Chemical injuries management: Brush solid particles off the skin and perform
water lavage.
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Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h9fbji
1. Thermal burns: Caused by flame, flash fire, scald, or contact with hot objects.
2. Chemical burns: Result from tissue injury and destruction from acids, alkalis,
and organic compounds.
3. Smoke and inhalation injury: Result from inhalation of hot air or noxious chem-
icals causing damage to the respiratory tract.
4. Electrical burns: Injuries caused by electric current passing through the body.
5. Cold thermal injury: Injury caused by exposure to cold temperatures.
6. Fluid loss: Loss of fluids through open skin, which is a major concern in burn
injuries.
7. Infection: The biggest concern in thermal burns.
8. Carbon monoxide poisoning: Occurs when carbon monoxide displaces oxygen
in the body, leading to hypoxia and potentially death.
9. Inhalation injury above the glottis: Upper airway injury caused by hot air,
steam, or smoke leading to mucosal burns.
10. Inhalation injury below the glottis: Injury related to the length of exposure to
smoke or toxic fumes, potentially leading to pulmonary edema.
11. Severity of electrical burns: Depends on amount of voltage, tissue resistance,
current pathways, surface area, and duration of the flow.
12. Iceberg effect: The phenomenon where most damage from electrical burns is
beneath the skin, making assessment difficult.
13. Dysrhythmias: Irregular heartbeats that can occur as a result of electrical
burns.
14. Metabolic acidosis: A condition that can be caused by electrical burns, leading
to severe health issues.
15. Myoglobinuria: The presence of myoglobin in urine, which can occur after
electrical burns.
16. Classification of burn injury: Severity is determined by depth, extent, location,
and client risk factors.
17. First-degree burn: A burn that affects only the outer layer of skin.
18. Second-degree burn: A burn that affects both the outer layer and the underlying
layer of skin.
19. Third-degree burn: A burn that extends through the layers of skin and affects
deeper tissues.
20. Fourth-degree burn: A burn that extends through the skin and underlying
tissues, potentially affecting muscle and bone.
21. Pulmonary edema: Fluid accumulation in the lungs that may not appear until
12-24 hours after a burn.
1/8
, Nursing Management of Burn Injuries
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h9fbji
22. Acute respiratory distress syndrome: A severe lung condition that can man-
ifest after inhalation injury.
23. Partial-thickness burn: A burn that involves the epidermis and part of the
dermis.
24. Full-thickness burn: A burn that involves fat, muscle, and bone.
25. Superficial partial-thickness burn: A first-degree burn that involves the epi-
dermis.
26. Deep partial-thickness burn: A second-degree burn that involves the dermis.
27. Full-thickness burn: A third- and fourth-degree burn that involves fat, muscle,
and bone.
28. Total Body Surface Area (TBSA): A measurement used to determine the
extent of burns.
29. Lund-Browder chart: A guide considered more accurate for assessing TBSA,
accounting for age in proportion to body size.
30. Rule of nines chart: A guide considered adequate for initial assessment of adult
clients' TBSA.
31. Circumferential burns: Burns that encircle an extremity, which can cause cir-
culatory compromise.
32. Compartment syndrome: A condition that can develop due to increased pres-
sure in a muscle compartment, often related to burns.
33. Client risk factors: Factors that may lead to poorer prognosis in burn recovery,
such as older age and pre-existing health conditions.
34. Emergent phase: The period required to resolve immediate, life-threatening
problems from injury, usually lasting up to 72 hours.
35. Hypovolemic shock: A condition that occurs due to a massive shift of fluids out
of blood vessels, posing a great threat after burns.
36. Fluid mobilization: The process that begins after the emergent phase, indicat-
ing the start of recovery from hypovolemic shock.
37. Pre-hospital care for small thermal burns: Cover with a clean, cool, tap
water-dampened towel.
38. Pre-hospital care for large thermal burns: Prioritize circulation, airway, breath-
ing (CAB) and do not immerse in cool water or pack with ice.
39. Chemical injuries management: Brush solid particles off the skin and perform
water lavage.
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