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HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice
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Pharm Review Pharmacology HESI ABFM DIABETES
296 terms 54 terms Teacher 57 terms
usharegmi100 Preview Alicia_Jennings3 Preview Shoj77
1) A nurse is caring for a client 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
with hyperparathyroidism and Rationale:
notes that the client's serum The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is
calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium
medication should the nurse chloride are medications used for the treatment of tetany, which
prepare to administer as occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large
prescribed to the client? doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
1. Calcium chloride hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone
2. Calcium gluconate resorption and lowering the serum calcium concentration.
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D
2.) Oral iron supplements are 4. Orange juice
prescribed for a 6-year-old child Rationale:
with iron deficiency anemia. The Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The
nurse instructs the mother to mother should be instructed to administer the medication with a
administer the iron with which citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect
best food item? absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange
1. Milk juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed 1. Tinnitus
for a client with a diagnosis of Rationale:
psoriasis. The nurse monitors the Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic
client, knowing that which of the toxicity (salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus,
following would indicate the dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances.
presence of systemic toxicity Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
,4.) The camp nurse asks the 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
children preparing to swim in Rationale:
the lake if they have applied Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes
sunscreen. The nurse reminds before exposure to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin.
the children that chemical All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming or sweating.
sunscreens are most effective
when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to
the sun
3. Immediately before exposure
to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before
exposure to the sun
5.) Mafenide acetate 3. Informing the client that this is normal
(Sulfamylon) is prescribed for Rationale:
the client with a burn injury. Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-
When applying the medication, positive organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria
the client complains of local present in avascular tissues. The client should be informed that
discomfort and burning. Which the medication will cause local discomfort and burning and that
of the following is the most this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are
appropriate nursing action? incorrect
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is
normal
4. Applying a thinner film than
prescribed to the burn site
6.) The burn client is receiving 1.Hyperventilation
treatments of topical mafenide Rationale:
acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can
of injury. The nurse monitors the suppress renal excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis.
client, knowing that which of the Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for signs of
following indicates that a an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the
systemic effect has occurred? medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and
1.Hyperventilation 4 describe local rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood
2.Elevated blood pressure pressure may be expected from the pain that occurs with a burn
3.Local pain at the burn site injury.
4.Local rash at the burn site
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a 2. Triglyceride level
client with severe acne. Before Rationale:
the administration of this Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride
medication, the nurse levels should be measured before treatment and periodically
anticipates that which laboratory thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides has been
test will be prescribed? evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored
1. Platelet count specifically during this treatment.
2. Triglyceride level
3. Complete blood count
4. White blood cell count
,8.) A client with severe acne is 1. Vitamin A
seen in the clinic and the health Rationale:
care provider (HCP) prescribes Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce
isotretinoin. The nurse reviews generalized intensification of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the
the client's medication record potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be
and would contact the (HCP) if discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are
the client is taking which not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
medication?
1. Vitamin A
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
9.) The nurse is applying a 2. Axilla
topical corticosteroid to a client Rationale:
with eczema. The nurse would Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic
monitor for the potential for circulation. Absorption is higher from regions where the skin is
increased systemic absorption especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum,
of the medication if the genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability is poor
medication were being applied (back, palms, soles).
to which of the following body
areas?
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
10.) The clinic nurse is 1. Acne
performing an admission Rationale:
assessment on a client. The Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to
nurse notes that the client is moderate acne. The acid appears to work by suppressing the
taking azelaic acid (Azelex). growth of Propionibacterium acnes and decreasing the
Because of the medication proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
prescription, the nurse would
suspect that the client is being
treated for:
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
, 11.) The health care provider has 3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
prescribed silver sulfadiazine Rationale:
(Silvadene) for the client with a Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial that has a broad
partial-thickness burn, which has spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-
cultured positive for gram- positive bacteria, and yeast. It is applied directly to the wound to
negative bacteria. The nurse is assist in healing. It does not stain the skin.
reinforcing information to the
client about the medication.
Which statement made by the
client indicates a lack of
understanding about the
treatments?
1. "The medication is an
antibacterial."
2. "The medication will help heal
the burn."
3. "The medication will
permanently stain my skin."
4. "The medication should be
applied directly to the wound."
12.) A nurse is caring for a client 1. Notify the registered nurse.
who is receiving an intravenous Rationale:
(IV) infusion of an antineoplastic When antineoplastic medications (Chemotheraputic Agents) are
medication. During the infusion, administered via IV, great care must be taken to prevent the
the client complains of pain at medication from escaping into the tissues surrounding the
the insertion site. During an injection site, because pain, tissue damage, and necrosis can
inspection of the site, the nurse result. The nurse monitors for signs of extravasation, such as
notes redness and swelling and redness or swelling at the insertion site and a decreased infusion
that the rate of infusion of the rate. If extravasation occurs, the registered nurse needs to be
medication has slowed. The notified; he or she will then contact the health care provider.
nurse should take which
appropriate action?
1. Notify the registered nurse.
2. Administer pain medication to
reduce the discomfort.
3. Apply ice and maintain the
infusion rate, as prescribed.
4. Elevate the extremity of the IV
site, and slow the infusion.
13.) The client with squamous 4. Pulmonary function studies
cell carcinoma of the larynx is Rationale:
receiving bleomycin Bleomycin is an antineoplastic medication (Chemotheraputic
intravenously. The nurse caring Agents) that can cause interstitial pneumonitis, which can
for the client anticipates that progress to pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary function studies along
which diagnostic study will be with hematological, hepatic, and renal function tests need to be
prescribed? monitored. The nurse needs to monitor lung sounds for dyspnea
1. Echocardiography and crackles, which indicate pulmonary toxicity. The medication
2. Electrocardiography needs to be discontinued immediately if pulmonary toxicity
3. Cervical radiography occurs. Options 1, 2, and 3 are unrelated to the specific use of
4. Pulmonary function studies this medication.
HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides Practice tests
Pharm Review Pharmacology HESI ABFM DIABETES
296 terms 54 terms Teacher 57 terms
usharegmi100 Preview Alicia_Jennings3 Preview Shoj77
1) A nurse is caring for a client 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
with hyperparathyroidism and Rationale:
notes that the client's serum The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is
calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium
medication should the nurse chloride are medications used for the treatment of tetany, which
prepare to administer as occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large
prescribed to the client? doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
1. Calcium chloride hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone
2. Calcium gluconate resorption and lowering the serum calcium concentration.
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D
2.) Oral iron supplements are 4. Orange juice
prescribed for a 6-year-old child Rationale:
with iron deficiency anemia. The Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The
nurse instructs the mother to mother should be instructed to administer the medication with a
administer the iron with which citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect
best food item? absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange
1. Milk juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed 1. Tinnitus
for a client with a diagnosis of Rationale:
psoriasis. The nurse monitors the Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic
client, knowing that which of the toxicity (salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus,
following would indicate the dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances.
presence of systemic toxicity Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
,4.) The camp nurse asks the 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
children preparing to swim in Rationale:
the lake if they have applied Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes
sunscreen. The nurse reminds before exposure to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin.
the children that chemical All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming or sweating.
sunscreens are most effective
when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to
the sun
3. Immediately before exposure
to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before
exposure to the sun
5.) Mafenide acetate 3. Informing the client that this is normal
(Sulfamylon) is prescribed for Rationale:
the client with a burn injury. Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-
When applying the medication, positive organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria
the client complains of local present in avascular tissues. The client should be informed that
discomfort and burning. Which the medication will cause local discomfort and burning and that
of the following is the most this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are
appropriate nursing action? incorrect
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is
normal
4. Applying a thinner film than
prescribed to the burn site
6.) The burn client is receiving 1.Hyperventilation
treatments of topical mafenide Rationale:
acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can
of injury. The nurse monitors the suppress renal excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis.
client, knowing that which of the Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for signs of
following indicates that a an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the
systemic effect has occurred? medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and
1.Hyperventilation 4 describe local rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood
2.Elevated blood pressure pressure may be expected from the pain that occurs with a burn
3.Local pain at the burn site injury.
4.Local rash at the burn site
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a 2. Triglyceride level
client with severe acne. Before Rationale:
the administration of this Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride
medication, the nurse levels should be measured before treatment and periodically
anticipates that which laboratory thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides has been
test will be prescribed? evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored
1. Platelet count specifically during this treatment.
2. Triglyceride level
3. Complete blood count
4. White blood cell count
,8.) A client with severe acne is 1. Vitamin A
seen in the clinic and the health Rationale:
care provider (HCP) prescribes Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce
isotretinoin. The nurse reviews generalized intensification of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the
the client's medication record potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be
and would contact the (HCP) if discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are
the client is taking which not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
medication?
1. Vitamin A
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
9.) The nurse is applying a 2. Axilla
topical corticosteroid to a client Rationale:
with eczema. The nurse would Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic
monitor for the potential for circulation. Absorption is higher from regions where the skin is
increased systemic absorption especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum,
of the medication if the genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability is poor
medication were being applied (back, palms, soles).
to which of the following body
areas?
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
10.) The clinic nurse is 1. Acne
performing an admission Rationale:
assessment on a client. The Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to
nurse notes that the client is moderate acne. The acid appears to work by suppressing the
taking azelaic acid (Azelex). growth of Propionibacterium acnes and decreasing the
Because of the medication proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
prescription, the nurse would
suspect that the client is being
treated for:
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
, 11.) The health care provider has 3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
prescribed silver sulfadiazine Rationale:
(Silvadene) for the client with a Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial that has a broad
partial-thickness burn, which has spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-
cultured positive for gram- positive bacteria, and yeast. It is applied directly to the wound to
negative bacteria. The nurse is assist in healing. It does not stain the skin.
reinforcing information to the
client about the medication.
Which statement made by the
client indicates a lack of
understanding about the
treatments?
1. "The medication is an
antibacterial."
2. "The medication will help heal
the burn."
3. "The medication will
permanently stain my skin."
4. "The medication should be
applied directly to the wound."
12.) A nurse is caring for a client 1. Notify the registered nurse.
who is receiving an intravenous Rationale:
(IV) infusion of an antineoplastic When antineoplastic medications (Chemotheraputic Agents) are
medication. During the infusion, administered via IV, great care must be taken to prevent the
the client complains of pain at medication from escaping into the tissues surrounding the
the insertion site. During an injection site, because pain, tissue damage, and necrosis can
inspection of the site, the nurse result. The nurse monitors for signs of extravasation, such as
notes redness and swelling and redness or swelling at the insertion site and a decreased infusion
that the rate of infusion of the rate. If extravasation occurs, the registered nurse needs to be
medication has slowed. The notified; he or she will then contact the health care provider.
nurse should take which
appropriate action?
1. Notify the registered nurse.
2. Administer pain medication to
reduce the discomfort.
3. Apply ice and maintain the
infusion rate, as prescribed.
4. Elevate the extremity of the IV
site, and slow the infusion.
13.) The client with squamous 4. Pulmonary function studies
cell carcinoma of the larynx is Rationale:
receiving bleomycin Bleomycin is an antineoplastic medication (Chemotheraputic
intravenously. The nurse caring Agents) that can cause interstitial pneumonitis, which can
for the client anticipates that progress to pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary function studies along
which diagnostic study will be with hematological, hepatic, and renal function tests need to be
prescribed? monitored. The nurse needs to monitor lung sounds for dyspnea
1. Echocardiography and crackles, which indicate pulmonary toxicity. The medication
2. Electrocardiography needs to be discontinued immediately if pulmonary toxicity
3. Cervical radiography occurs. Options 1, 2, and 3 are unrelated to the specific use of
4. Pulmonary function studies this medication.
