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Which of the following is a Answer: D. Atomoxetine (Strattera)
nonstimulant drug that may be Atomoxetine is classified as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor,
prescribed for treatment of not a stimulant. Atomoxetine may be prescribed for patients for
attention deficit hyperactivity who do not experience adequate ADHD symptom relief from
disorder (ADHD)? stimulant medications such as dexmethylphenidate,
A.Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin amphetamine, or methylphenidate.
XR)
B.Mixed salts of amphetamine
(Adderall)
C.Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
D.Atomoxetine (Strattera)
The nurse practitioner (NP) Answer: B. Beer
advises a patient who is taking a Fermented food items, including fermented beverages such as
monoamine oxidase inhibitor beer, tend to be high in tyramine. Although cured meats are high
(MAOI) to avoid foods that in tyramine, noncured proteins such as chicken are not.
contain high levels of tyramine. Pasteurized cheeses, such as cottage cheese, tend to be lower in
Which food would the NP tyramine than aged cheeses. Fresh vegetables tend to be low in
include in a list of examples? tyramine.
A.Chicken
B.Beer
C.Cottage cheese
D.Spinach
, Answer: D. Apraxia
Apraxia is characterized by loss of the ability to execute or carry
What symptom would be out learned purposeful movements despite the desire and the
unexpected in a diagnosis of physical ability to perform the movements. Apraxia is not a sign
depression? or symptom of depression; it is a disorder of motor planning
A.Anhedonia caused by damage to specific areas of the cerebrum. Common
B.Low self-esteem signs of depression include anhedonia (loss of interest in
C.Apathy activities that the patient normally finds pleasurable),
D.Apraxia unintentional weight loss or gain, fatigue, change in appetite,
insomnia or hypersomnia, feelings of guilt and worthlessness,
and recurrent thoughts of suicide
The nurse practitioner is Answer: C. Sickle cell anemia
reviewing the medical record of A patient with normocytic hemolytic anemia who has
a 6-month-old infant with electrophoresis results of hemoglobin S with a 20%
normocytic hemolytic anemia concentration of hemoglobin F has sickle cell anemia.
and notes an electrophoresis Electrophoresis is not used to diagnose hemolytic or aplastic
result of hemoglobin S with a anemia. Thalassemia major appears within the first 2 years of life
20% concentration of and is associated with life-threatening anemia. Thalassemia major
hemoglobin F (fetal is associated with nonhemolytic, normocytic anemia.
hemoglobin). Which additional
diagnosis is most likely?
A.Aplastic anemia
B.Hemolytic anemia
C.Sickle cell anemia
D.Thalassemia major
The nurse practitioner (NP) Answer: B. The patient should be evaluated for hyperlipidemia.
notices a gray ring on the edge Arcus senilis is caused by lipid deposits deep in the edge of the
of both irises of an 81-year-old cornea and is quite commonly present in older adults. However,
female patient. The patient since it can also appear earlier in life as a result of
denies visual changes or pain. hypercholesterolemia, the NP should order a fasting lipid profile
She reports that she has had the in patients younger than 40 years. The condition is not associated
"ring" for many years. What with visual changes, so referral to an ophthalmologist is
would the clinical significance of unnecessary.
this same finding be in a 35-
year-old patient?
A.The patient would have a
higher risk of blindness.
B.The patient should be
evaluated for hyperlipidemia.
C.The patient should be
evaluated by an
ophthalmologist.
D.The patient should be
evaluated for acute glaucoma.
,A female multigravida patient Answer: C. From 33 to 35 cm
who is at 34 weeks' gestation After 20 weeks' gestation, fundal height in centimeters should
wants to know at what level her measure approximately the same as the number of weeks of
uterine fundus should be. The gestation.
best answer is to advise the
patient that her fundus is:
A.Midway between the
umbilicus and the lower ribs
B.At the level of the umbilicus
C.From 33 to 35 cm
D.From 32 to 34 cm
When evaluating the blood Answer: A. The systolic blood pressure is higher in the arms than
pressure on both the arms and in the legs.
the legs of an infant who has a In coarctation of the aorta, blood pressure is higher in the arms
diagnosis of coarctation of the than in the legs because of the narrowing in the aorta. Blood
aorta, which of the following is pressure must rise to get adequate blood flow to the lower
the expected finding? extremities; therefore, the blood pressure above the coarctation
A.The systolic blood pressure is rises to compensate for this
higher in the arms than in the
legs.
B.Only the diastolic blood
pressure is higher in the legs
than in the arms.
C.The blood pressure is higher in
the legs than the arms.
D.The systolic blood pressure is
lower in the arms than in the
legs.
Which lab results suggest a Answer: A. Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), low free
diagnosis of hypothyroidism? thyroxine (T4)
A.Elevated thyroid-stimulating In hypothyroidism, TSH is >5.0 mU/L, free T4 is low, and T3 is low.
hormone (TSH), low free In subclinical hypothyroidism, TSH is >5.0 mU/L, free T4 is normal,
thyroxine (T4) and T3 is normal. In hyperthyroidism, TSH is <0.5 mU/L, and free
B.Elevated TSH, normal free T4 T4 and T3 are high. Subclinical hyperthyroidism presents with a
C.High free T4 TSH of less than 0.5 mU/L and normal free T4 and T3.
D.Normal free T4
Which of the following drugs Answer: A. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS)
can increase the risk of bleeding Warfarin sodium (Coumadin) interacts with trimethoprim-
in patients who are receiving sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) and will increase the risk of
anticoagulation therapy with bleeding; therefore, concurrent use is contraindicated.
warfarin sodium (Coumadin)?
A.Trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS)
B.Carafate (Sucralfate)
C.Losartan (Cozaar)
D.Furosemide (Lasix)
See an expert-written answer
, An older adult female patient Answer: B. Epley maneuver
presents with acute episodes of The patient has benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV),
dizziness. She describes the which can be treated effectively in most cases using particle
sensation of the room spinning, repositioning maneuvers—the Epley maneuver and the Semont
which is worsened by sudden maneuver. The Dix-Hallpike maneuver is used for diagnosis and
head movement. During the will usually provoke paroxysmal vertigo and nystagmus when the
episodes, she is nauseated and affected ear is turned downward during the maneuver. Meniere
sometimes vomits. The nurse disease is treated with dietary and lifestyle modifications (e.g.,
practitioner observes nystagmus salt restriction). Vestibular rehabilitation is indicated for persistent
during a provoking maneuver. disequilibrium for those with Meniere disease; it has a limited role
Based on this presentation, in the treatment of BPPV.
which of the following is the
appropriate initial treatment
option?
A.Vestibular rehabilitation
B.Epley maneuver
C.Salt restriction
D.Dix-Hallpike maneuver
Answer: D. S3 heart sound
Which of the following heart The S3 heart sound is considered a normal finding in children,
sounds is considered a normal pregnant people, and some athletes. A summation gallop is a
finding when heard in children? pathologic finding where all the heart sounds (S1 through S4) are
A.Summation gallop heard in a row. The S4 heart sound is considered a normal finding
B.S4 heart sound in elderly people when left ventricle stenosis is present, but it is
C.Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) not a normal finding in children. MVP causes a murmur that
click begins right after a midsystolic click and runs to the end of
D.S3 heart sound systole. The murmur is caused by blood backing up into the left
atrium.
Which of the following is a Answer: A. Hypersegmented granulocytes
hematologic change associated Hematologic changes associated with pernicious anemia include
with pernicious anemia? hypersegmented granulocytes, elevated mean corpuscular
A.Hypersegmented volume (normal range is 80-100 fL), decreased serum cobalamin
granulocytes level (normal range is 200-900 pg/mL), and elevated mean
B.Decreased corpuscular corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (normal range is 31.5-35
volume g/dL).
C.Decreased mean corpuscular
hemoglobin concentration
D.Elevated serum cobalamin
The nurse practitioner (NP) is Answer: B. Thalassemia
reviewing the laboratory results Laboratory findings of macrocytosis and reticulocytopenia are
for an adult patient, which reveal associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. Alcohol use disorder,
macrocytosis and hypothyroidism, and liver dysfunction are strongly correlated
reticulocytopenia. The NP will with vitamin B12 deficiency. Thalassemia is a hemoglobin disorder
likely rule out what disorder? that causes excessive destruction of red blood cells, causing
A.Alcohol use disorder hemolytic anemia.
B.Thalassemia
C.Hypothyroidism
D.Liver dysfunction