BIO-202 Exam 2: Cardiovascular System Q&A with A+ Answers | GCU Human Anatomy & Physiology II

What layer consists mostly of Smooth muscle?: tunica media 8. Why do larger veins have valves?: prevent backflow 9. What is venipuncture?: the puncture of a vein as part of a medical procedure. Typically to withdraw a blood sample or for an intravenous injection. 10. what is the name of the space in a blood vessel where blood flow?: the LumenBio 202 Exam GCU 1. what are the functions of an artery: maintain blood pressure even when the heart relaxes ; carries out blood 2. what are the functions of a vein: returns deoxygenated blood back into heart 3. what the functions of the arteriole: transports blood from arteries to capillaries 4. what are the functions of the venue: a very small blood vessel, always allows blood to return from capillary beds to drain into larger blood vessels. 5. what are the functions of the capillary: the smallest of blood vessels, they distribute oxygenated blood from arteries to the tissues of the body and to feed deoxygenates blood from the tissues back into the veins. 6. From outer to inner, 3 tunic (layers) of an artery: 1. Tunica adventitia 2. tunica media 3. tunica intima 7. What layer consists mostly of Smooth muscle?: tunica media 8. Why do larger veins have valves?: prevent backflow 9. What is venipuncture?: the puncture of a vein as part of a medical procedure. Typically to withdraw a blood sample or for an intravenous injection. 10. what is the name of the space in a blood vessel where blood flow?: the Lumen 11. explain the major difference between arteries and veins?: arteries: has thicker walls to maintain blood pressure veins: have thinner walls 12. Describe the importance of the elasticity an artery? what happens to the elasticity as one ages? How would this affect a person?: The elasticity maintains blood pressure even when the heart relaxes. - when the heart ages the arteries becomes less elastic and they cannon relax as quickly 13. What is the name given to the thin, tough sac which covers the heart. what happens if blood gets caught in the space between this sac and the heart itself?: it is called the pericardial sac. - if blood were to get caught it is called a cardiac tamponade 14. what are the layers of the heart?: epicardium, myocardium, endocardium 15. what type of tissue compromises the bulk of the myocardium?:cardiac musclehte veins: bio 202 exam 2 gcu S 16. where would you find the sulk of the heart?: - there are 2 - l and r ventricles 17. Where would you find the intertribal septum?: the wall between ATRIA 18. where would you find the inter ventricular septum ?: the thicker wall be- tween VENTRICLES 19. Where would you find the bicuspid valve?: In the left ATRIUM 20. Where would you find the tricuspid valve?: in the right ATRIUM 21. where will you find the pulmonary semilunar valve?: in right VENTRICLE 22. Where will you find the aortic valve?: in left VENTRICLE 23. What chambers of the heart functions to receive blood from chambers 24. where are the SVC and IVC ? what do they drain into?: superior vena cava: superior portion of the heart inferior vena cava: inferior portion of the heart drain into the right atrium 25. what is the term for heart strings? what is their function?: chordae tendi- nae ; holds the av valves in place 26. what does prolapse mean?: The valves opening backwards 27. What does regurgitation mean?: backward flow of blood through a heart valve 28. which side of the heart has a thicker wall?: the left side because the aortic valve send the blood to the body. 29. What is the largest artery in the body?: aorta 30. what is the role of coronary arteries?: they supply blood to the heart muscle 31. what is the role of the coronary veins?: collects blood from the heartmuscle 32. What does myogenic mean?: heartbeat originates within heart 33. What does autorhythmic mean?: regular, spontaneous depolarization 34. what region of the heart is referred to as the pacemaker?: the sinoatrial node 35. What is the electrical impulse through the heart?: Sinoatrial node - Atri- oventricular node - bundle of his - purkinje fibers 36. describe the importance of the plate in a heart cells action potential. what ion is responsible?: the plateu extends the absolute refactory period of the cardiac muscle cell. 37. the difference between skeletal muscle action potential and cardiac mus- cle cell action potential: skeletal muscle action potential must be stimulated and cardiac muscle cell action potential is self excitable. also the absolute refactory period is longer in CARDIAC than in SKELETAL 38. What does the P wave represent?: atrial depolarization 39. What does the QRS wave represent?: ventricular depolarization 40. What does the T wave represent?: ventricular repolarization 41. What is atrial fibrillation?: Irregular, rapid heart beat 42. What is a PVC?: premature ventricular contraction - no P WAVE and exaggerated S WAVE (IT CAN BE NORMAL IF IT HAPPENS ONCE DUE TO CAFFEINE OR STRESS ETC. ) 43. What is vtach: ventricular tachycardia - a series of PVC'S 44. What is Vfib: ventricular fibrillation - when ventricles quiver and stop pumping blood ****AKA CARDIAC ARREST**** 45. What is the significance of a prolonged Q-T interval?: it means the ventri- cles aren't depolarizing fast enough