PTP-FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Acute Care - Answers :*Setting*: a hospital
*Types of patients*: typically, quite ill' may be so critically ill that they require admission
to the ICU or cardiac care unit (CCU)
*Focus of treatment*: 1-2 times a day to restore the patient's ability to get up and out of
bed to return home when possible
*Length of stay*: a typical hospital stay in 3-5 days
Rehabilitation Hospital - Answers :*Setting*-specialized facility most often in a separate
building from an acute care hospital
*Types of patients*-patients of all ages (not all rehab hospitals accept children) most
often admitted from an acute care hospital due to an extensive neurological or
musculoskeletal involvement
*Focus of treatment*-3 hours of therapy twice a day to restore function or learning how
to compensate for a newly acquired physical disability such as a spinal cord injury, head
trauma, stroke, or motor vehicle accident
*Length of stay*-often 1-2 weeks to 6 weeks
Outpatient clinic - Answers :*setting*-may be a free standing facility or a pT departments
located within a hospital
*types of patients*-patients with short-term musculoskeletal problems such as back
pain, or neck pain; often includes patients who have had orthopedic surgery to repair a
ligament, muscle, or tendon; patients discharged from hospitals or skilled care also
often return for therapy as outpatients
*focus of treatment*-restoration or rehab of neuromusculoskeletal problem
*length of stay*-patients often treated for shorter periods such as several times a week
for several weeks
Skilled Nursing Facility - Answers :*seeting*-may be a "nursing home" type of setting or
a separate floor or building associated with an acute care hosp.
*types of patients*-usually older patients who require additional therapy or care that
cannot be provided at home;patients admitted here often come from an acute hospital
stay
*focus of treatment*-1.5 hours a day to restore the patient's ability to function
independently enough to care for themselves or to a level where others at home can
care for them
*length of stay*-anywhere from a couple of weeks to a couple of months
Extended Care Facility - Answers :*setting*-commonly referred to as a "nursing home" ,
these facilities are most often free standing
*types of patients*-generally, elderly patients who have such extensive, long term care
needs that family cannot care for them at home and the patients that do not have
enough rehab potential to qualify either for rehab placement, skilled care, or assisted
living
, *focus of treatment*-resolution of recent decline in function
*length of stay*-often remain in extended care for the remainder of lifespan
Assisted living facility - Answers :*setting*-often associated with a skilled care or
extended care facility
*type of patients*-often includes the elderly population who only need assistance with
meals or medications; residents are unable to live independently but do not require
significant amount of health care services; admission requires person be independently
mobile (either by walking or wheelchair)
*focus of treatment*-resolution of recent decline in function
*length of stay*- often remain in assisted living facility for remainder of lifespan or until
transfer to extended care becomes necessary
Home Health Care - Answers :*setting*-person's residence
*types of patients*-adults of all ages
*focus of treatment*-rehabilitating the patient to a functional level (and get outpatient
therapy instead of home health if additional therapy is needed)
*length of stay*-several weeks
HICPAC - Answers :to prevent the spread of infections, the centers for disease
control/hospital infection control practices advisory committees in Atlanta, has issues
voluntary guidelines for isolation precautions in hospitals
Standard Precautions - Answers :Formerly known as universal precautions with all
patients
Transmission based isolation precautions - Answers :-patients documented or
suspected to be infected/colonized
-with pathogens that are highly transmissible (particularly contagious) for which
additional precautions are needed beyond
-standard precautions are needed to interrupt transmission
-isolation precautions are divided according to how infection is spread or transmitted
3 categories of transmission based precautions - Answers :1) contact precaution
2)droplet precaution
3)airborne precaution
*these may be combined for diseases that have multiple routes of transmission*
Standard Precautions-definition - Answers :work practices that prevent contact with
patient's blood or other bodily fluids. It means treating everyone's blood and all fluids
(except sweat), secretions and excretions, mucous membranes and non-intact skin of
all patients as potentially infectious at all times
Why do we practice standard precautions? - Answers :Anyone can become exposed to
bloodborne pathogens if they are exposed to blood or other fluids. In addition, by law we
Acute Care - Answers :*Setting*: a hospital
*Types of patients*: typically, quite ill' may be so critically ill that they require admission
to the ICU or cardiac care unit (CCU)
*Focus of treatment*: 1-2 times a day to restore the patient's ability to get up and out of
bed to return home when possible
*Length of stay*: a typical hospital stay in 3-5 days
Rehabilitation Hospital - Answers :*Setting*-specialized facility most often in a separate
building from an acute care hospital
*Types of patients*-patients of all ages (not all rehab hospitals accept children) most
often admitted from an acute care hospital due to an extensive neurological or
musculoskeletal involvement
*Focus of treatment*-3 hours of therapy twice a day to restore function or learning how
to compensate for a newly acquired physical disability such as a spinal cord injury, head
trauma, stroke, or motor vehicle accident
*Length of stay*-often 1-2 weeks to 6 weeks
Outpatient clinic - Answers :*setting*-may be a free standing facility or a pT departments
located within a hospital
*types of patients*-patients with short-term musculoskeletal problems such as back
pain, or neck pain; often includes patients who have had orthopedic surgery to repair a
ligament, muscle, or tendon; patients discharged from hospitals or skilled care also
often return for therapy as outpatients
*focus of treatment*-restoration or rehab of neuromusculoskeletal problem
*length of stay*-patients often treated for shorter periods such as several times a week
for several weeks
Skilled Nursing Facility - Answers :*seeting*-may be a "nursing home" type of setting or
a separate floor or building associated with an acute care hosp.
*types of patients*-usually older patients who require additional therapy or care that
cannot be provided at home;patients admitted here often come from an acute hospital
stay
*focus of treatment*-1.5 hours a day to restore the patient's ability to function
independently enough to care for themselves or to a level where others at home can
care for them
*length of stay*-anywhere from a couple of weeks to a couple of months
Extended Care Facility - Answers :*setting*-commonly referred to as a "nursing home" ,
these facilities are most often free standing
*types of patients*-generally, elderly patients who have such extensive, long term care
needs that family cannot care for them at home and the patients that do not have
enough rehab potential to qualify either for rehab placement, skilled care, or assisted
living
, *focus of treatment*-resolution of recent decline in function
*length of stay*-often remain in extended care for the remainder of lifespan
Assisted living facility - Answers :*setting*-often associated with a skilled care or
extended care facility
*type of patients*-often includes the elderly population who only need assistance with
meals or medications; residents are unable to live independently but do not require
significant amount of health care services; admission requires person be independently
mobile (either by walking or wheelchair)
*focus of treatment*-resolution of recent decline in function
*length of stay*- often remain in assisted living facility for remainder of lifespan or until
transfer to extended care becomes necessary
Home Health Care - Answers :*setting*-person's residence
*types of patients*-adults of all ages
*focus of treatment*-rehabilitating the patient to a functional level (and get outpatient
therapy instead of home health if additional therapy is needed)
*length of stay*-several weeks
HICPAC - Answers :to prevent the spread of infections, the centers for disease
control/hospital infection control practices advisory committees in Atlanta, has issues
voluntary guidelines for isolation precautions in hospitals
Standard Precautions - Answers :Formerly known as universal precautions with all
patients
Transmission based isolation precautions - Answers :-patients documented or
suspected to be infected/colonized
-with pathogens that are highly transmissible (particularly contagious) for which
additional precautions are needed beyond
-standard precautions are needed to interrupt transmission
-isolation precautions are divided according to how infection is spread or transmitted
3 categories of transmission based precautions - Answers :1) contact precaution
2)droplet precaution
3)airborne precaution
*these may be combined for diseases that have multiple routes of transmission*
Standard Precautions-definition - Answers :work practices that prevent contact with
patient's blood or other bodily fluids. It means treating everyone's blood and all fluids
(except sweat), secretions and excretions, mucous membranes and non-intact skin of
all patients as potentially infectious at all times
Why do we practice standard precautions? - Answers :Anyone can become exposed to
bloodborne pathogens if they are exposed to blood or other fluids. In addition, by law we
