NSG 6020 Midterm Exam Questions/Answers
2025/2026Graded A+
ABI - ✔✔✔ratio of BP in lower legs vs the arms
-used to diagnose PAD
-detects stenosis of >50% in major vessels of legs
absent/attenuated sounds - ✔✔✔NO airflow to the region being auscultated
-can occur in a pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion, or parenchymal consolidation
Acute MI
-inferior MI - ✔✔✔II, III, and aVF
afterload - ✔✔✔vascular resistance against contraction
Anterior MI - ✔✔✔V3, V4
Assessing JVP - ✔✔✔reflects right atrial pressure
-horizontal line from top of JVP to ruler, making right angle
-measure distance above sternal angle in centimeters
-3 to 4 CENTIMETER ELEVATION IS NORMAL
Auscultation: bronchial - ✔✔✔louder and higher in pitch; usually heard over the manubrium
Auscultation: bronchovesicular - ✔✔✔intermediate intensity and pitch; usually heard over the 1st and 2nd
interspaces
Auscultation: tracheal - ✔✔✔over the trachea and neck, very loud
Auscultation: vesicular - ✔✔✔soft and low pitched; usually heard over most of both lungs
, Barrel Chest - ✔✔✔associated with emphysema and lung hyperinflation
-accompanying x-ray demonstrates increased ant-post diameter as well as diaphragmatic flattening
Bell of stethoscope - ✔✔✔-hears low pitched noises
-recommended for extra heart sounds (S3 and S4)
-rumble of mitral stenosis
-to identify some bruits
BP - ✔✔✔CO x SVR
Bronchophony - ✔✔✔ask pt to say "99"
-should be muffled and indistinct
-CLEAR sounds are called bronchophony
CAP - ✔✔✔Cxray often lags behind clinical presentation
cardiac output - ✔✔✔SV x HR
Cardiac palpation and auscultation sites - ✔✔✔aortic- 2nd ICS, right sternal border
pulmonic- 2nd ICS, left sternal border
tricuspid- lower left sternal border 4th ICS
mitral- mid clavicular line and 5th ICS (apex)
Carotid pulse palpation
-upstroke - ✔✔✔brisk-normal
delayed-suggests aortic stenosis
bounding- suggests aortic insufficiency
CEAP classification - ✔✔✔Clinical manifestation
2025/2026Graded A+
ABI - ✔✔✔ratio of BP in lower legs vs the arms
-used to diagnose PAD
-detects stenosis of >50% in major vessels of legs
absent/attenuated sounds - ✔✔✔NO airflow to the region being auscultated
-can occur in a pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion, or parenchymal consolidation
Acute MI
-inferior MI - ✔✔✔II, III, and aVF
afterload - ✔✔✔vascular resistance against contraction
Anterior MI - ✔✔✔V3, V4
Assessing JVP - ✔✔✔reflects right atrial pressure
-horizontal line from top of JVP to ruler, making right angle
-measure distance above sternal angle in centimeters
-3 to 4 CENTIMETER ELEVATION IS NORMAL
Auscultation: bronchial - ✔✔✔louder and higher in pitch; usually heard over the manubrium
Auscultation: bronchovesicular - ✔✔✔intermediate intensity and pitch; usually heard over the 1st and 2nd
interspaces
Auscultation: tracheal - ✔✔✔over the trachea and neck, very loud
Auscultation: vesicular - ✔✔✔soft and low pitched; usually heard over most of both lungs
, Barrel Chest - ✔✔✔associated with emphysema and lung hyperinflation
-accompanying x-ray demonstrates increased ant-post diameter as well as diaphragmatic flattening
Bell of stethoscope - ✔✔✔-hears low pitched noises
-recommended for extra heart sounds (S3 and S4)
-rumble of mitral stenosis
-to identify some bruits
BP - ✔✔✔CO x SVR
Bronchophony - ✔✔✔ask pt to say "99"
-should be muffled and indistinct
-CLEAR sounds are called bronchophony
CAP - ✔✔✔Cxray often lags behind clinical presentation
cardiac output - ✔✔✔SV x HR
Cardiac palpation and auscultation sites - ✔✔✔aortic- 2nd ICS, right sternal border
pulmonic- 2nd ICS, left sternal border
tricuspid- lower left sternal border 4th ICS
mitral- mid clavicular line and 5th ICS (apex)
Carotid pulse palpation
-upstroke - ✔✔✔brisk-normal
delayed-suggests aortic stenosis
bounding- suggests aortic insufficiency
CEAP classification - ✔✔✔Clinical manifestation
