071605T4AUT
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING LEVEL 5
ENG/OS/AUT/
AUTOMOTIVE SCIENCE
SUMMATIVE
JULY, 2025
ASSESORS GUIDE
NYANDARUA NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC
WRITTEN ASSESSMENT
AT L5 24S
TIME: 3HOURS
Page 1 of 11
, SECTION A: (40 MARKS)
Attempt ALL the questions in this section
1. Highlight the principle of the polygon of forces. (2 Marks)
The principle of the polygon of forces states that if a number of coplanar forces acting at a
point are in equilibrium then the vector sum of these forces zero.
2. State Newton’s first law of motion (2 Marks)
Newton`s first law states that an object at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the
same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
3.a) Momentum is a common term applied to forces. Define the term momentum (2 Marks)
Momentum is the quantity of motion possessed by a body.
b) Derive how momentum is measured. (2 Marks)
momentum (p) is measured by the product of mass m and velocity v
p=mv (kgm/s)
4. A force is fully defined by three factors. Name these THREE factors; (3 Marks)
Magnitude
Direction
Point of application
5. State the parallelogram of forces rule. (2 Marks)
If two forces acting at a point are represented in magnitude and direction by the adjacent sides
of a parallelogram their resultant is represented in magnitude and direction by the diagonal
from that point.
6.a) By use of sketch, explain the term ‘friction’ (4 Marks)
Friction is the force resisting relative motion between two surfaces in contact due to
microscopic surface irregularities.
b) List FOUR effects of friction. (4 Marks)
Heat Generation.
Page 2 of 11
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING LEVEL 5
ENG/OS/AUT/
AUTOMOTIVE SCIENCE
SUMMATIVE
JULY, 2025
ASSESORS GUIDE
NYANDARUA NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC
WRITTEN ASSESSMENT
AT L5 24S
TIME: 3HOURS
Page 1 of 11
, SECTION A: (40 MARKS)
Attempt ALL the questions in this section
1. Highlight the principle of the polygon of forces. (2 Marks)
The principle of the polygon of forces states that if a number of coplanar forces acting at a
point are in equilibrium then the vector sum of these forces zero.
2. State Newton’s first law of motion (2 Marks)
Newton`s first law states that an object at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the
same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
3.a) Momentum is a common term applied to forces. Define the term momentum (2 Marks)
Momentum is the quantity of motion possessed by a body.
b) Derive how momentum is measured. (2 Marks)
momentum (p) is measured by the product of mass m and velocity v
p=mv (kgm/s)
4. A force is fully defined by three factors. Name these THREE factors; (3 Marks)
Magnitude
Direction
Point of application
5. State the parallelogram of forces rule. (2 Marks)
If two forces acting at a point are represented in magnitude and direction by the adjacent sides
of a parallelogram their resultant is represented in magnitude and direction by the diagonal
from that point.
6.a) By use of sketch, explain the term ‘friction’ (4 Marks)
Friction is the force resisting relative motion between two surfaces in contact due to
microscopic surface irregularities.
b) List FOUR effects of friction. (4 Marks)
Heat Generation.
Page 2 of 11
