TESTBANK v
NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC
v v
vRESPIRATORY CARE v
5th Edition, Walsh
v
v
TESTBANK v
,Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, 5th Edition, Brian K. Walsh Test Bank
v v v v v v v v v v v
Table of Contents
v v
Chapter 1. Fetal Lung Development
v v v v
Chapter 2. Fetal Gas Exchange and Circulation
v v v v v v
Chapter 3. Antenatal Assessment and High-Risk Delivery
v v v v v v
Chapter 4. Examination and Assessment of the Neonatal and Pediatric Patient
v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 5. Pulmonary Function Testing and Bedside Pulmonary Mechanics
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 6. Radiographic Assessment
v v v
Chapter 7. Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy
v v v v
Chapter 8. Invasive Blood Gas Analysis and Cardiovascular Monitoring
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 9. Noninvasive Monitoring in Neonatal and Pediatric Care
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 10. Oxygen Administration
v v v
Chapter 11. Aerosols and Administration of Inhaled Medications
v v v v v v v
Chapter 12. Airway Clearance Techniques and Hyperinflation Therapy
v v v v v v v
Chapter 13. Airway Management
v v v
Chapter 14. Surfactant Replacement Therapy
v v v v
Chapter 15. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation and Continuous Positive Pressure of the Neonate
v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 16. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Infant and Child
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 17. Invasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Neonate and Pediatric Patient
v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 18. Administration of Gas Mixtures
v v v v v
Chapter 19. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
v v v v
Chapter 20. Pharmacology
v v
Chapter 21. Thoracic Organ Transplantation
v v v v
Chapter 22. Neonatal Pulmonary Disorders
v v v v
Chapter 23. Surgical Disorders in Childhood that Affect Respiratory Care
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 24. Congenital Cardiac Defects
v v v v
Chapter 25. Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing
v v v v
Chapter 26. Pediatric Airway Disorders and Parenchymal Lung Diseases
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 27. Asthma
v v
Chapter 28. Cystic Fibrosis
v v v
Chapter 29. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
v v v v v
Chapter 30. Shock
v v
Chapter 31. Pediatric Trauma
v v v
Chapter 32. Disorders of the Pleura
v v v v v
Chapter 33. Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders
v v v v v
Chapter 34. Pediatric Emergencies
v v v
Chapter 35. Home Care of the Postpartum Family
v v v v v v v
Chapter 36. Quality and Safety
v v v v
,Chapter 1: Fetal Lung Development
v v v v
Walsh: Neonatal & Pediatric Respiratory Care 5th Edition Test Bank (2020)
v v v v v v v v v v
MULTIPLE CHOICE v
1. Which of the following phases of human lung development is characterized by the formation
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of a capillary network around airway passages?
v v v v v v v
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular
ANS: D v
The canalicular phase follows the pseudoglandular phase, lasting from approximately 17
v v v v v v v v v v
weeks to 26 weeks of gestation. This phase is so named because of the appearance of vascular
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
channels, or capillaries, which begin to grow by forming a capillary network around the air
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
passages. During the pseudoglandular stage, which begins at day 52 and extends to week 16
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of gestation, the airway system subdivides extensively and the conducting airway system
v v v v v v v v v v v v
develops, ending with the terminal bronchioles. The saccular stage of development, which
v v v v v v v v v v v v
takes place from weeks 29 to 36 of gestation, is characterized by the development of sacs that
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
later become alveoli. During the saccular phase, a tremendous increase in the potential gas-
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
exchanging surface area occurs. The distinction between the saccular stage and the alveolar
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
stage is arbitrary. The alveolar stage stretches from 39 weeks of gestation to term. This stage
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
is represented by the establishment of alveoli.
v v v v v v v
REF: pp. 3-5 v v
2. Regarding postnatal lung growth, by approximately what age do most of the alveoli that will
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
be present in the lungs for life develop?
v v v v v v v v
a. 6 months v
b. 1 year v
c. 1.5 years v
d. 2 years v
ANS: C v
Most of the postnatal formation of alveoli in the infant occurs over the first 1.5 years of life.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
At 2 years of age, the number of alveoli varies substantially among individuals. After 2 years
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of age, males have more alveoli than do females. After alveolar multiplication ends, the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
alveoli continue to increase in size until thoracic growth is completed.
v v v v v v v v v v v
REF: p. 6 v v
3. The respiratory therapist is evaluating a newborn with mild respiratory distress due to tracheal
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
stenosis. During which period of lung development did this problem develop?
v v v v v v v v v v v
, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS: A v
The initial structures of the pulmonary tree develop during the embryonal stage. Errors in
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
development during this time may result in laryngeal, tracheal, or esophageal atresia or
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
stenosis. Pulmonary hypoplasia, an incomplete development of the lungs characterized by an
v v v v v v v v v v v v
abnormally low number and/or size of bronchopulmonary segments and/or alveoli, can
v v v v v v v v v v v
develop during the pseudoglandular phase. If the fetus is born during the canalicular phase
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
(i.e., prematurely), severe respiratory distress can be expected because the inadequately
v v v v v v v v v v v
developed airways, along with insufficient and immature surfactant production by alveolar
v v v v v v v v v v v
type II cells, gives rise to the constellation of problems known as infant respiratory distress
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
syndrome.
v
REF: v v p. 6 v
4. Which of the following mechanisms is (are) responsible for the possible association between
v v v v v v v v v v v v
v oligohydramnios and lung hypoplasia? v v v
I. Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism v v
II. Mechanical restriction of the chest wall v v v v v
III. Interference with fetal breathing v v v
IV. Failure to produce fetal lung liquid v v v v v
a. I and III only
v v v
b. II and III only
v v v
c. I, II, and IV only
v v v v
d. II, III, and IV only
v v v v
ANS: D v
Oligohydramnios, a reduced quantity of amniotic fluid present for an extended period of time, v v v v v v v v v v v v v
with or without renal anomalies, is associated with lung hypoplasia. The mechanisms by
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
which amniotic fluid volume influences lung growth remain unclear. Possible explanations for
v v v v v v v v v v v v
reduced quantity of amniotic fluid include mechanical restriction of the chest wall,
v v v v v v v v v v v v
interference with fetal breathing, or failure to produce fetal lung liquid. These clinical and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
experimental observations possibly point to a common denominator, lung stretch, as being a
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
major growth stimulant.
v v v
REF: pp. 6-7
v v
5. What is the purpose of the substance secreted by the type II pneumocyte?
v v v v v v v v v v v v
a. To increase the gas exchange surface area
v v v v v v
b. To reduce surface tension
v v v
c. To maintain lung elasticity
v v v
d. To preserve the volume of the amniotic fluid
v v v v v v v
NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC
v v
vRESPIRATORY CARE v
5th Edition, Walsh
v
v
TESTBANK v
,Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, 5th Edition, Brian K. Walsh Test Bank
v v v v v v v v v v v
Table of Contents
v v
Chapter 1. Fetal Lung Development
v v v v
Chapter 2. Fetal Gas Exchange and Circulation
v v v v v v
Chapter 3. Antenatal Assessment and High-Risk Delivery
v v v v v v
Chapter 4. Examination and Assessment of the Neonatal and Pediatric Patient
v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 5. Pulmonary Function Testing and Bedside Pulmonary Mechanics
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 6. Radiographic Assessment
v v v
Chapter 7. Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy
v v v v
Chapter 8. Invasive Blood Gas Analysis and Cardiovascular Monitoring
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 9. Noninvasive Monitoring in Neonatal and Pediatric Care
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 10. Oxygen Administration
v v v
Chapter 11. Aerosols and Administration of Inhaled Medications
v v v v v v v
Chapter 12. Airway Clearance Techniques and Hyperinflation Therapy
v v v v v v v
Chapter 13. Airway Management
v v v
Chapter 14. Surfactant Replacement Therapy
v v v v
Chapter 15. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation and Continuous Positive Pressure of the Neonate
v v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 16. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Infant and Child
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 17. Invasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Neonate and Pediatric Patient
v v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 18. Administration of Gas Mixtures
v v v v v
Chapter 19. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
v v v v
Chapter 20. Pharmacology
v v
Chapter 21. Thoracic Organ Transplantation
v v v v
Chapter 22. Neonatal Pulmonary Disorders
v v v v
Chapter 23. Surgical Disorders in Childhood that Affect Respiratory Care
v v v v v v v v v
Chapter 24. Congenital Cardiac Defects
v v v v
Chapter 25. Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing
v v v v
Chapter 26. Pediatric Airway Disorders and Parenchymal Lung Diseases
v v v v v v v v
Chapter 27. Asthma
v v
Chapter 28. Cystic Fibrosis
v v v
Chapter 29. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
v v v v v
Chapter 30. Shock
v v
Chapter 31. Pediatric Trauma
v v v
Chapter 32. Disorders of the Pleura
v v v v v
Chapter 33. Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders
v v v v v
Chapter 34. Pediatric Emergencies
v v v
Chapter 35. Home Care of the Postpartum Family
v v v v v v v
Chapter 36. Quality and Safety
v v v v
,Chapter 1: Fetal Lung Development
v v v v
Walsh: Neonatal & Pediatric Respiratory Care 5th Edition Test Bank (2020)
v v v v v v v v v v
MULTIPLE CHOICE v
1. Which of the following phases of human lung development is characterized by the formation
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of a capillary network around airway passages?
v v v v v v v
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular
ANS: D v
The canalicular phase follows the pseudoglandular phase, lasting from approximately 17
v v v v v v v v v v
weeks to 26 weeks of gestation. This phase is so named because of the appearance of vascular
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
channels, or capillaries, which begin to grow by forming a capillary network around the air
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
passages. During the pseudoglandular stage, which begins at day 52 and extends to week 16
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of gestation, the airway system subdivides extensively and the conducting airway system
v v v v v v v v v v v v
develops, ending with the terminal bronchioles. The saccular stage of development, which
v v v v v v v v v v v v
takes place from weeks 29 to 36 of gestation, is characterized by the development of sacs that
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
later become alveoli. During the saccular phase, a tremendous increase in the potential gas-
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
exchanging surface area occurs. The distinction between the saccular stage and the alveolar
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
stage is arbitrary. The alveolar stage stretches from 39 weeks of gestation to term. This stage
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
is represented by the establishment of alveoli.
v v v v v v v
REF: pp. 3-5 v v
2. Regarding postnatal lung growth, by approximately what age do most of the alveoli that will
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
be present in the lungs for life develop?
v v v v v v v v
a. 6 months v
b. 1 year v
c. 1.5 years v
d. 2 years v
ANS: C v
Most of the postnatal formation of alveoli in the infant occurs over the first 1.5 years of life.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
At 2 years of age, the number of alveoli varies substantially among individuals. After 2 years
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
of age, males have more alveoli than do females. After alveolar multiplication ends, the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
alveoli continue to increase in size until thoracic growth is completed.
v v v v v v v v v v v
REF: p. 6 v v
3. The respiratory therapist is evaluating a newborn with mild respiratory distress due to tracheal
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
stenosis. During which period of lung development did this problem develop?
v v v v v v v v v v v
, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS: A v
The initial structures of the pulmonary tree develop during the embryonal stage. Errors in
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
development during this time may result in laryngeal, tracheal, or esophageal atresia or
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
stenosis. Pulmonary hypoplasia, an incomplete development of the lungs characterized by an
v v v v v v v v v v v v
abnormally low number and/or size of bronchopulmonary segments and/or alveoli, can
v v v v v v v v v v v
develop during the pseudoglandular phase. If the fetus is born during the canalicular phase
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
(i.e., prematurely), severe respiratory distress can be expected because the inadequately
v v v v v v v v v v v
developed airways, along with insufficient and immature surfactant production by alveolar
v v v v v v v v v v v
type II cells, gives rise to the constellation of problems known as infant respiratory distress
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
syndrome.
v
REF: v v p. 6 v
4. Which of the following mechanisms is (are) responsible for the possible association between
v v v v v v v v v v v v
v oligohydramnios and lung hypoplasia? v v v
I. Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism v v
II. Mechanical restriction of the chest wall v v v v v
III. Interference with fetal breathing v v v
IV. Failure to produce fetal lung liquid v v v v v
a. I and III only
v v v
b. II and III only
v v v
c. I, II, and IV only
v v v v
d. II, III, and IV only
v v v v
ANS: D v
Oligohydramnios, a reduced quantity of amniotic fluid present for an extended period of time, v v v v v v v v v v v v v
with or without renal anomalies, is associated with lung hypoplasia. The mechanisms by
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
which amniotic fluid volume influences lung growth remain unclear. Possible explanations for
v v v v v v v v v v v v
reduced quantity of amniotic fluid include mechanical restriction of the chest wall,
v v v v v v v v v v v v
interference with fetal breathing, or failure to produce fetal lung liquid. These clinical and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
experimental observations possibly point to a common denominator, lung stretch, as being a
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
major growth stimulant.
v v v
REF: pp. 6-7
v v
5. What is the purpose of the substance secreted by the type II pneumocyte?
v v v v v v v v v v v v
a. To increase the gas exchange surface area
v v v v v v
b. To reduce surface tension
v v v
c. To maintain lung elasticity
v v v
d. To preserve the volume of the amniotic fluid
v v v v v v v
