Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122 ) | update|COMPLETE MOST
Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122 )
TESTEDStudyQUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% Correct solutions)|
online at https://quizlet.com/_26l563
GET IT RIGHT!! | ALREADY GRADED A+
1. Individuation is the process Children at first identify entirely with the mores, norms, and
through which a person values of their family; it is only after prolonged exposure to other
comes to think of himself or people outside the home that a child will begin to question his
herself as a distinct person or her upbringing and perhaps modify his or her belief system.
despite being a member of A fully individualized person is able to maintain a coherent per-
a family. sonality without renouncing membership in a family with which
he or she may have some disagreement.
2. Agrarian societies are more An extended family is comprised of more than one adult couple.
likely to live with their ex- For instance, it might include a man and a woman, their children,
tended families. and their grandchildren. Agrarian societies in which people tend
the same land for their entire lives are more conducive to the
maintenance of the extended family. This is in part because it
is more difficult for a large group to move around together.
In modern, industrial, urban, and nomadic societies, it is more
common for people to be grouped together in nuclear families
(one adult couple and their children)
3. Financial Stability is NOT Despite money being a main issue for divorce, it is more impor-
necessary for a person to tant for partners to have good self-esteem, empathy, a feeling of
commit emotionally to a permanence in the relationship, and strong personal identities.
marriage. Solid marriages weather the inevitable hard times with a mixture
of humor, empathy, and habit. The idea of empathy is particularly
important in marriage because it implies that each partner may
not fully understand the other. Nevertheless, a loving spouse with
try to help whenever possible.
4. Having a child between the Research suggests that parents often feel some strain as they
ages of 2 and 4 has little to occupy multiple roles, but this is offset by the enjoyment they
no effect on job satisfaction. derive from their work. Having a newborn, on the other hand, has
a noticeably damaging effect on job satisfaction. The demands of
caring for a newborn, as well as the desire to spend as much time
, Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122 )
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_26l563
as possible with this new child, make it unpleasant to be away
from home for any reason. Flexible scheduling, high wages, and
intellectual challenge are all directly correlated with job satisfac-
tion.
5. Accepting that the marriage Psychologists estimate that it takes most people at least two
is over is the first step a years to accept divorce entirely. Until this is reached, the divorcee
person should take after di- should not initiate a new relationship. The best way to complete
vorce. the process of acceptance is to establish an individual identity.
This may include developing a balance between being single and
being a parent. It is appropriate to plan for the future, but people
should be aware that it is impossible to predict what they will want
once they have fully processed the finality of the divorce.
6. Sibling rivalry is most pro- In the first eight to ten years of life, siblings tend to alternate
nounced in same-sex sib- between cooperation and competition. As they grow older, they
lings within three years of will often spend little time together for a few years, but during
age. adolescence will gradually develop empathy for one another.
Most research suggests that adult relationships between siblings
simply exaggerate the tone of the relationship of the youth; that
is, good relationships get better and bad relationships get worse.
7. Married women typically This is an exception to the general trend, which is that married
earn a lower wage than sin- people are healthier, wealthier, and more content than their sin-
gle women. gle counterparts. Married men are less likely to abuse alcohol
and drugs, and less likely to become depressed. Married women
are healthier and more likely to report satisfaction with their
home lives. One reason why married women may earn less mon-
ey is that they are more likely to be raising children, and therefore
less focused on professional development. Despite reports about
the decline of marriage, an overwhelming majority of Americans
will marry at least once during their lives.
, Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122 )
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_26l563
8. Accepting a stepparent is The bond between a stepparent, particularly a stepfather, and an
hardest for adolescent girls. adolescent girl takes the longest to form. One possible reason
for this phenomenon is that stepfathers tend to be less engaged
with stepdaughters than with stepsons. The effect of remarriage
on children is much the same as divorce because it involves a
fundamental restructuring of the family concept. Nevertheless,
stepparents who work to engage with their stepchildren can
develop positive relationships over time.
9. Both the content and the The members of a family should work on communicating pos-
style of family communica- itively. The decisions made by families tend to reinforce the
tion are important. status quo in the interest of conformity and conflict avoidance.
For reasons both genetic and environmental, the members of
families are likely to struggle with the same sorts of problems in
life. Despite a general tendency toward stability and consistency,
families inevitably change in response to the aging of each mem-
ber and to pressures from the environment. Finally, it is a central
tenet of family science that it is impossible to understand a family
member without understanding the family as a whole.
10. According to John Gottman, When the criticized partner responds to criticism by deflecting
humor is the best response or soothing the other person, tempers are quelled and the
to criticism by a spouse. partnership remains strong. Gottman's research suggests that
there is a classic pattern of degenerating communication in an
unsuccessful relationship. The pattern begins with criticism that
is not directed at a certain behavior, but at the other person as a
whole. In other words, the criticism of unsuccessful couples tends
to lean toward character assassination. Eventually, these nega-
tive interactions lead to contempt, in which one partner openly
disparages and disrespects the other. The inevitable response to
contempt is defensiveness, followed by stonewalling or a total
, Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122 )
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_26l563
lack of communication. When couples stop communicating, the
relationship is not likely to endure.
11. The greatest amount of vari- The onset of puberty may occur at any time over the span of
ation between people of the five years, though it typically occurs earlier in females than in
same age is found during males. The changes brought on by puberty are monumental and
early adolescence. can cause rapid changes in personality, physical development,
and emotional maturity. Teachers need to be aware of these
changes, particularly when working with middle-school children.
Family and consumer science teachers may need to act as liaisons
between parents and their children, as family relationships can
become strained during early adolescence.
12. When two children have a In arbitration, two conflicting parties agree to rely on the advice
dispute and agree to settle it of a supposedly impartial third party. Sometimes, the parties
according to their mother's will also establish guidelines for the way a decision is to be
opinion, they are engaging reached. In parenting, it can be difficult to settle a dispute with
in arbitration. arbitration, since children are unlikely to honor a decision that
goes against their interest. Conciliation is a method of settling
disputes in which the conflicting parties are simply asked to meet
and converse, with the idea that a resolution will naturally occur
as a result of this meeting. In mediation, the conflicting parties
decide to enlist the aid of an impartial third party as they attempt
to settle their differences. The parties in mediation do not agree
to follow the advice of the third party. In negotiation, two parties
try to agree on terms that are acceptable to both. Negotiation in
family life is a bit like compromise. A restorative justice system
is where the person who has been wronged gets some kind
of compensation from the wrongdoer. When the parents force
one sibling to apologize to the other, they are essentially using
restorative justice.
Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122 )
TESTEDStudyQUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% Correct solutions)|
online at https://quizlet.com/_26l563
GET IT RIGHT!! | ALREADY GRADED A+
1. Individuation is the process Children at first identify entirely with the mores, norms, and
through which a person values of their family; it is only after prolonged exposure to other
comes to think of himself or people outside the home that a child will begin to question his
herself as a distinct person or her upbringing and perhaps modify his or her belief system.
despite being a member of A fully individualized person is able to maintain a coherent per-
a family. sonality without renouncing membership in a family with which
he or she may have some disagreement.
2. Agrarian societies are more An extended family is comprised of more than one adult couple.
likely to live with their ex- For instance, it might include a man and a woman, their children,
tended families. and their grandchildren. Agrarian societies in which people tend
the same land for their entire lives are more conducive to the
maintenance of the extended family. This is in part because it
is more difficult for a large group to move around together.
In modern, industrial, urban, and nomadic societies, it is more
common for people to be grouped together in nuclear families
(one adult couple and their children)
3. Financial Stability is NOT Despite money being a main issue for divorce, it is more impor-
necessary for a person to tant for partners to have good self-esteem, empathy, a feeling of
commit emotionally to a permanence in the relationship, and strong personal identities.
marriage. Solid marriages weather the inevitable hard times with a mixture
of humor, empathy, and habit. The idea of empathy is particularly
important in marriage because it implies that each partner may
not fully understand the other. Nevertheless, a loving spouse with
try to help whenever possible.
4. Having a child between the Research suggests that parents often feel some strain as they
ages of 2 and 4 has little to occupy multiple roles, but this is offset by the enjoyment they
no effect on job satisfaction. derive from their work. Having a newborn, on the other hand, has
a noticeably damaging effect on job satisfaction. The demands of
caring for a newborn, as well as the desire to spend as much time
, Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122 )
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_26l563
as possible with this new child, make it unpleasant to be away
from home for any reason. Flexible scheduling, high wages, and
intellectual challenge are all directly correlated with job satisfac-
tion.
5. Accepting that the marriage Psychologists estimate that it takes most people at least two
is over is the first step a years to accept divorce entirely. Until this is reached, the divorcee
person should take after di- should not initiate a new relationship. The best way to complete
vorce. the process of acceptance is to establish an individual identity.
This may include developing a balance between being single and
being a parent. It is appropriate to plan for the future, but people
should be aware that it is impossible to predict what they will want
once they have fully processed the finality of the divorce.
6. Sibling rivalry is most pro- In the first eight to ten years of life, siblings tend to alternate
nounced in same-sex sib- between cooperation and competition. As they grow older, they
lings within three years of will often spend little time together for a few years, but during
age. adolescence will gradually develop empathy for one another.
Most research suggests that adult relationships between siblings
simply exaggerate the tone of the relationship of the youth; that
is, good relationships get better and bad relationships get worse.
7. Married women typically This is an exception to the general trend, which is that married
earn a lower wage than sin- people are healthier, wealthier, and more content than their sin-
gle women. gle counterparts. Married men are less likely to abuse alcohol
and drugs, and less likely to become depressed. Married women
are healthier and more likely to report satisfaction with their
home lives. One reason why married women may earn less mon-
ey is that they are more likely to be raising children, and therefore
less focused on professional development. Despite reports about
the decline of marriage, an overwhelming majority of Americans
will marry at least once during their lives.
, Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122 )
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_26l563
8. Accepting a stepparent is The bond between a stepparent, particularly a stepfather, and an
hardest for adolescent girls. adolescent girl takes the longest to form. One possible reason
for this phenomenon is that stepfathers tend to be less engaged
with stepdaughters than with stepsons. The effect of remarriage
on children is much the same as divorce because it involves a
fundamental restructuring of the family concept. Nevertheless,
stepparents who work to engage with their stepchildren can
develop positive relationships over time.
9. Both the content and the The members of a family should work on communicating pos-
style of family communica- itively. The decisions made by families tend to reinforce the
tion are important. status quo in the interest of conformity and conflict avoidance.
For reasons both genetic and environmental, the members of
families are likely to struggle with the same sorts of problems in
life. Despite a general tendency toward stability and consistency,
families inevitably change in response to the aging of each mem-
ber and to pressures from the environment. Finally, it is a central
tenet of family science that it is impossible to understand a family
member without understanding the family as a whole.
10. According to John Gottman, When the criticized partner responds to criticism by deflecting
humor is the best response or soothing the other person, tempers are quelled and the
to criticism by a spouse. partnership remains strong. Gottman's research suggests that
there is a classic pattern of degenerating communication in an
unsuccessful relationship. The pattern begins with criticism that
is not directed at a certain behavior, but at the other person as a
whole. In other words, the criticism of unsuccessful couples tends
to lean toward character assassination. Eventually, these nega-
tive interactions lead to contempt, in which one partner openly
disparages and disrespects the other. The inevitable response to
contempt is defensiveness, followed by stonewalling or a total
, Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122 )
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_26l563
lack of communication. When couples stop communicating, the
relationship is not likely to endure.
11. The greatest amount of vari- The onset of puberty may occur at any time over the span of
ation between people of the five years, though it typically occurs earlier in females than in
same age is found during males. The changes brought on by puberty are monumental and
early adolescence. can cause rapid changes in personality, physical development,
and emotional maturity. Teachers need to be aware of these
changes, particularly when working with middle-school children.
Family and consumer science teachers may need to act as liaisons
between parents and their children, as family relationships can
become strained during early adolescence.
12. When two children have a In arbitration, two conflicting parties agree to rely on the advice
dispute and agree to settle it of a supposedly impartial third party. Sometimes, the parties
according to their mother's will also establish guidelines for the way a decision is to be
opinion, they are engaging reached. In parenting, it can be difficult to settle a dispute with
in arbitration. arbitration, since children are unlikely to honor a decision that
goes against their interest. Conciliation is a method of settling
disputes in which the conflicting parties are simply asked to meet
and converse, with the idea that a resolution will naturally occur
as a result of this meeting. In mediation, the conflicting parties
decide to enlist the aid of an impartial third party as they attempt
to settle their differences. The parties in mediation do not agree
to follow the advice of the third party. In negotiation, two parties
try to agree on terms that are acceptable to both. Negotiation in
family life is a bit like compromise. A restorative justice system
is where the person who has been wronged gets some kind
of compensation from the wrongdoer. When the parents force
one sibling to apologize to the other, they are essentially using
restorative justice.
