TEST BANK B
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
B B B B B B B B
8th Edition
B
Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
B B B B B
, 2
Contents
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology ........................................................................................................................... 4
B B B
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents ....................................................... 18
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases ........................................... 31
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases...................................................................................................... 44
B B B B B
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases .............................................................. 55
B B B B B B
Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease ............................................................................................................ 63
B B B B
Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing................................................................. 68
B B B B B B B
Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity ................................................................................................................... 83
B B B
Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation................................................................................ 95
B B B B B B
Chapter 10: Infection ................................................................................................................................. 108
B B
Chapter 11: Stress and Disease................................................................................................................... 117
B B B B
Chapter 12: Cancer Biology ........................................................................................................................ 124
B B B
Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology .............................................................................................................. 137
B B B
Chapter 14: Cancer in Children ................................................................................................................... 143
B B B B
Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System .................................................................... 148
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function ................................................... 159
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function.................... 174
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders ................................ 199
B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children ........................................................................ 206
B B B B B B B
Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation...................................................................................... 213
B B B B B
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation........................................................................................ 222
B B B B B
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition .......................................................................................... 234
B B B B B B
Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems .............................................................. 239
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System...................................................................... 249
B B B B B B B
Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ......................................................................... 259
B B B B B B B
Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections .............................................................................................. 265
B B B B
Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ................................................................. 273
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function ............................................. 283
B B B B B B B B
, 3
Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function .................................................................... 293
B B B B B B B
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children ..................................................................... 300
B B B B B B B
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems..................................... 311
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function ................................................................................... 324
B B B B B
Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children .................................................................. 338
B B B B B B B
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System .................................................................... 346
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function.......................................................................................... 356
B B B B B
Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children ........................................................................ 373
B B B B B B B
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems ...................................................... 381
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function ...................................................................... 391
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children..................................................... 401
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System ...................................................................... 409
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function ............................................................................................ 421
B B B B B
Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children ........................................................................... 432
B B B B B B B
Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System ........................................................... 441
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ................................................................................. 453
B B B B B
Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children................................................................ 466
B B B B B B B
Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument ............................................................. 475
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children ............................................................................... 486
B B B B B B B
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults ......................................... 494
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children...................................... 502
B B B B B B B B B B
, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th) 4
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
B B B
MULTIPLE CHOICE B
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
B B B B B B B B B
a. Cells can produce proteins. B B B
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. B B B B
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. B B B B B B
d. Cells can synthesize fats. B B B
ANS: B C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
absorption.
B
PTS: B B 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering B B
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
B B B B B B B B B B B B
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: B C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
B B B B B B B B B B
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function as
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
the intracellular digestive system.
B B B B
PTS: B B 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering B B
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
B B B B B B B B B
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B B
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
B B B B B B B B
8th Edition
B
Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
B B B B B
, 2
Contents
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology ........................................................................................................................... 4
B B B
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents ....................................................... 18
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases ........................................... 31
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases...................................................................................................... 44
B B B B B
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases .............................................................. 55
B B B B B B
Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease ............................................................................................................ 63
B B B B
Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing................................................................. 68
B B B B B B B
Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity ................................................................................................................... 83
B B B
Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation................................................................................ 95
B B B B B B
Chapter 10: Infection ................................................................................................................................. 108
B B
Chapter 11: Stress and Disease................................................................................................................... 117
B B B B
Chapter 12: Cancer Biology ........................................................................................................................ 124
B B B
Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology .............................................................................................................. 137
B B B
Chapter 14: Cancer in Children ................................................................................................................... 143
B B B B
Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System .................................................................... 148
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function ................................................... 159
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function.................... 174
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders ................................ 199
B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children ........................................................................ 206
B B B B B B B
Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation...................................................................................... 213
B B B B B
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation........................................................................................ 222
B B B B B
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition .......................................................................................... 234
B B B B B B
Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems .............................................................. 239
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System...................................................................... 249
B B B B B B B
Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ......................................................................... 259
B B B B B B B
Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections .............................................................................................. 265
B B B B
Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ................................................................. 273
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function ............................................. 283
B B B B B B B B
, 3
Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function .................................................................... 293
B B B B B B B
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children ..................................................................... 300
B B B B B B B
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems..................................... 311
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function ................................................................................... 324
B B B B B
Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children .................................................................. 338
B B B B B B B
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System .................................................................... 346
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function.......................................................................................... 356
B B B B B
Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children ........................................................................ 373
B B B B B B B
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems ...................................................... 381
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function ...................................................................... 391
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children..................................................... 401
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System ...................................................................... 409
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function ............................................................................................ 421
B B B B B
Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children ........................................................................... 432
B B B B B B B
Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System ........................................................... 441
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ................................................................................. 453
B B B B B
Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children................................................................ 466
B B B B B B B
Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument ............................................................. 475
B B B B B B B B
Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children ............................................................................... 486
B B B B B B B
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults ......................................... 494
B B B B B B B B B B
Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children...................................... 502
B B B B B B B B B B
, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th) 4
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
B B B
MULTIPLE CHOICE B
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
B B B B B B B B B
a. Cells can produce proteins. B B B
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. B B B B
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. B B B B B B
d. Cells can synthesize fats. B B B
ANS: B C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
absorption.
B
PTS: B B 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering B B
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
B B B B B B B B B B B B
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: B C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
B B B B B B B B B B
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function as
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
the intracellular digestive system.
B B B B
PTS: B B 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering B B
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
B B B B B B B B B
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B B
