Health and Human Development exam questions and answers fully solved
Global Health - AnswersThe health of populations in a worldwide context that goes beyond the
perspectives and concerns of individual countries. Global Health is about an international
collaborate approach to achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.
Human Development - AnswersCreating an environment in which people can develop to their
full potential, and lead creative lives in accord with their needs and interests. It is about
expanding people's choices and enhancing capabilities (the range of things people can be and
do), having access to knowledge, health and a decent standard of living, and participating in the
life of their community and decisions affecting their lives.
Human Development Index (HDI) - AnswersA tool developed by the United Nations to measure
the level of development in a country and rank countries' levels of social and economic
development.
Indicators of HDI - AnswersHealth
Education
Standard of living
Global burden of disease (GBD) - AnswersMeasures burden of disease using the disability-
adjusted-life-year (DALY). This time-based measure combines years of life lost due to premature
mortality and years of life lost due to time lived in states of less than full health.
Disability-adjusted life year (DALY) - AnswersA measure of overall disease burden, expressed as
the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability or early death.
Poverty - AnswersMeans that people do not have their needs met in relation to basic human
requirements such as food, clean water, healthcare and education, nor do they have the
opportunity and choice to improve their living standards.
Poverty Line - AnswersA measure of the minimum level of income required to cover the basic
costs of living and achieve an adequate standard of living costs.
Sustainability - AnswersMeeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
the future generations to meet their own needs.
Sustainable Human Development - AnswersRefers to a process of people striving to achieve
their full potential, lead more productive lives, expand their choices and meet their needs
without compromising the opportunities for future generations to meet their own need.
, Characteristics of sustainability - AnswersEnvironmental
Social
Economic
Environmental sustainability - AnswersRelates to ensuring the natural environment is utilised in
a way that will preserve resources into the future. Human activities should use natural
resources only at a rate that allows these resources to replenish for future generations. In
developing countries this is often a challenge, as many of these countries exploit their natural
environment as a means of generating income and facilitating trade.
Social sustainability - AnswersRelates to future generations having the same or improved access
to social resources such as human rights, political stability and education. Again, in developing
countries there are often low levels of social sustainability.
Economic sustainability - AnswersRelates to the capacity of future generations to earn an
income and the efficient use of resources to allow economic growth over time. Developing
countries often experience low levels of economic sustainability.
Characteristics of a developed country - AnswersEconomic: a range of industries, low
international debt, high average income, global trading.
Social: low birth rate, high employment rates, high levels of education, social security systems,
developed health systems, greater access to technology, gender equality, food security.
Environmental: developed infrastructure, adequate housing, safe water and sanitation, access
to food
Characteristics of a developing country - AnswersEconomic: little range of industries, high
international debt, low average incomes, large amounts of poverty, lack global trading.
Social: high birth rate, high unemployment, low levels of education, under developed health
systems, lack access to technology, colonised, gender inequality, food security.
Environmental: basic and under-developed infrastructure, poor housing, unsafe water and
sanitation, lack access to food.
Global Health - AnswersThe health of populations in a worldwide context that goes beyond the
perspectives and concerns of individual countries. Global Health is about an international
collaborate approach to achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.
Human Development - AnswersCreating an environment in which people can develop to their
full potential, and lead creative lives in accord with their needs and interests. It is about
expanding people's choices and enhancing capabilities (the range of things people can be and
do), having access to knowledge, health and a decent standard of living, and participating in the
life of their community and decisions affecting their lives.
Human Development Index (HDI) - AnswersA tool developed by the United Nations to measure
the level of development in a country and rank countries' levels of social and economic
development.
Indicators of HDI - AnswersHealth
Education
Standard of living
Global burden of disease (GBD) - AnswersMeasures burden of disease using the disability-
adjusted-life-year (DALY). This time-based measure combines years of life lost due to premature
mortality and years of life lost due to time lived in states of less than full health.
Disability-adjusted life year (DALY) - AnswersA measure of overall disease burden, expressed as
the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability or early death.
Poverty - AnswersMeans that people do not have their needs met in relation to basic human
requirements such as food, clean water, healthcare and education, nor do they have the
opportunity and choice to improve their living standards.
Poverty Line - AnswersA measure of the minimum level of income required to cover the basic
costs of living and achieve an adequate standard of living costs.
Sustainability - AnswersMeeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
the future generations to meet their own needs.
Sustainable Human Development - AnswersRefers to a process of people striving to achieve
their full potential, lead more productive lives, expand their choices and meet their needs
without compromising the opportunities for future generations to meet their own need.
, Characteristics of sustainability - AnswersEnvironmental
Social
Economic
Environmental sustainability - AnswersRelates to ensuring the natural environment is utilised in
a way that will preserve resources into the future. Human activities should use natural
resources only at a rate that allows these resources to replenish for future generations. In
developing countries this is often a challenge, as many of these countries exploit their natural
environment as a means of generating income and facilitating trade.
Social sustainability - AnswersRelates to future generations having the same or improved access
to social resources such as human rights, political stability and education. Again, in developing
countries there are often low levels of social sustainability.
Economic sustainability - AnswersRelates to the capacity of future generations to earn an
income and the efficient use of resources to allow economic growth over time. Developing
countries often experience low levels of economic sustainability.
Characteristics of a developed country - AnswersEconomic: a range of industries, low
international debt, high average income, global trading.
Social: low birth rate, high employment rates, high levels of education, social security systems,
developed health systems, greater access to technology, gender equality, food security.
Environmental: developed infrastructure, adequate housing, safe water and sanitation, access
to food
Characteristics of a developing country - AnswersEconomic: little range of industries, high
international debt, low average incomes, large amounts of poverty, lack global trading.
Social: high birth rate, high unemployment, low levels of education, under developed health
systems, lack access to technology, colonised, gender inequality, food security.
Environmental: basic and under-developed infrastructure, poor housing, unsafe water and
sanitation, lack access to food.
