BIO 171 Exam 1 & Lecture Set – Endocrine, Blood, Vessels, Heart, Surface
Anatomy + Bone Practical – Verified Questions & Study Guide – 100%
Exam-Focused – LAST UPDATED 2025
Contents
Bio 171 Bone Practical ................................................................................................................... 2
BIO 171 E1: VESSELS .................................................................................................................. 3
BIO 171: E1 BLOOD ..................................................................................................................... 6
BIO 171 E1: HEART ...................................................................................................................... 9
BIO 171 E1: ENDOCRINE ...........................................................................................................11
BIO 171 E1: SURFACE ANATOMY ........................................................................................... 13
LEC 19 - Bio 171 .......................................................................................................................... 16
Lec 20 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 19
Lec 21 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 20
Lec 22 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 22
Lec 23 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 24
Lec 24 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 26
, Bio 171 Bone Practical
Frontal Bone
The frontal bone is a flat bone located at the front of the skull, forming the forehead and the upper part of the
eye sockets. It plays a crucial role in protecting the brain and supporting facial structures.
Parietal (R, L) Bones
The parietal bones are two large, flat bones that form the sides and roof of the skull. They protect the brain and
support the structure of the head.
Occipital bone
The occipital bone is a curved, flat bone located at the back and base of the skull. It houses the foramen
magnum, allowing the spinal cord to connect with the brain, and provides protection for the cerebellum.
Temporal (R, L) Bone
The temporal bones are located on the sides of the skull and are involved in protecting the brain, housing the
structures of the ears, and providing attachment points for various muscles.
Sphenoid Bone
The sphenoid bone is a complex, butterfly-shaped bone located at the base of the skull. It plays a crucial role in
forming the cranial cavity and contains important structures like the sella turcica, which houses the pituitary
gland.
Ethmoid Bone
The ethmoid bone is a delicate, sponge-like bone located between the eyes, contributing to the formation of the
nasal cavity and the orbits. It contains the cribriform plate, which allows for the passage of olfactory nerves.
Lacrimal (R, L) Bone
The lacrimal bones are small, thin bones located in the medial wall of each orbit. They are involved in the
formation of the eye socket and contain the lacrimal fossa, which houses the lacrimal sac.
Nasal (R, L) Bone
The nasal bones are two small, rectangular-shaped bones that form the bridge of the nose. They articulate with
each other and with surrounding facial bones, providing structure and support to the nasal region.
Zygomatic (R, L) Bone
The zygomatic bones, also known as the cheekbones, are located on the lateral aspect of the face and contribute
to the formation of the orbit and the zygomatic arch. They articulate with the maxilla, temporal bone, sphenoid,
and frontal bone, adding structure and definition to the face.
Palatine (R, L) Bone
The palatine bones are two L-shaped bones located at the back of the oral cavity. They contribute to the
formation of the hard palate, the floor of the nasal cavity, and the orbits.
Maxilla (R, L) Bone
, The maxillae are two fused bones that form the upper jaw and hold the upper teeth. They also contribute to the
formation of the hard palate, the floor of the orbits, and the sides of the nasal cavity.
Inferior Nasal (R,L) Concha (Or Nasal Turbinate)
The inferior nasal conchae are two thin, curved bones located in the nasal cavity. They help to filter and
humidify the air as it passes through the nasal passages.
Vomer
A single thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum, separating the left and right nasal cavities.
Mandible
The mandible is the lower jawbone, the largest and strongest bone of the face. It holds the lower teeth and is
involved in chewing and speaking.
Hyoid Bone
A U-shaped bone located in the neck, which supports the tongue and is involved in swallowing. It is unique
because it is not directly attached to any other bones in the skeleton.
BIO 171 E1: VESSELS
Veins ____ blood to the ____
return; heart
Arteries ____ blood from the ____ to the ____
send; heart; body
Label the layers of a blood vessel
A. Tunica Intima
B. Tunica Media
C. Tunica Externa
Label the layers of a blood vessel model
A. Tunica Interna
B. Tunica Media
C. Tunica Externa
Label the parts of the aorta
A. Ascending Aorta
B. Aortic Arch
C. Descending/Thoracic Aorta
Anatomy + Bone Practical – Verified Questions & Study Guide – 100%
Exam-Focused – LAST UPDATED 2025
Contents
Bio 171 Bone Practical ................................................................................................................... 2
BIO 171 E1: VESSELS .................................................................................................................. 3
BIO 171: E1 BLOOD ..................................................................................................................... 6
BIO 171 E1: HEART ...................................................................................................................... 9
BIO 171 E1: ENDOCRINE ...........................................................................................................11
BIO 171 E1: SURFACE ANATOMY ........................................................................................... 13
LEC 19 - Bio 171 .......................................................................................................................... 16
Lec 20 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 19
Lec 21 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 20
Lec 22 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 22
Lec 23 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 24
Lec 24 - Bio 171 ........................................................................................................................... 26
, Bio 171 Bone Practical
Frontal Bone
The frontal bone is a flat bone located at the front of the skull, forming the forehead and the upper part of the
eye sockets. It plays a crucial role in protecting the brain and supporting facial structures.
Parietal (R, L) Bones
The parietal bones are two large, flat bones that form the sides and roof of the skull. They protect the brain and
support the structure of the head.
Occipital bone
The occipital bone is a curved, flat bone located at the back and base of the skull. It houses the foramen
magnum, allowing the spinal cord to connect with the brain, and provides protection for the cerebellum.
Temporal (R, L) Bone
The temporal bones are located on the sides of the skull and are involved in protecting the brain, housing the
structures of the ears, and providing attachment points for various muscles.
Sphenoid Bone
The sphenoid bone is a complex, butterfly-shaped bone located at the base of the skull. It plays a crucial role in
forming the cranial cavity and contains important structures like the sella turcica, which houses the pituitary
gland.
Ethmoid Bone
The ethmoid bone is a delicate, sponge-like bone located between the eyes, contributing to the formation of the
nasal cavity and the orbits. It contains the cribriform plate, which allows for the passage of olfactory nerves.
Lacrimal (R, L) Bone
The lacrimal bones are small, thin bones located in the medial wall of each orbit. They are involved in the
formation of the eye socket and contain the lacrimal fossa, which houses the lacrimal sac.
Nasal (R, L) Bone
The nasal bones are two small, rectangular-shaped bones that form the bridge of the nose. They articulate with
each other and with surrounding facial bones, providing structure and support to the nasal region.
Zygomatic (R, L) Bone
The zygomatic bones, also known as the cheekbones, are located on the lateral aspect of the face and contribute
to the formation of the orbit and the zygomatic arch. They articulate with the maxilla, temporal bone, sphenoid,
and frontal bone, adding structure and definition to the face.
Palatine (R, L) Bone
The palatine bones are two L-shaped bones located at the back of the oral cavity. They contribute to the
formation of the hard palate, the floor of the nasal cavity, and the orbits.
Maxilla (R, L) Bone
, The maxillae are two fused bones that form the upper jaw and hold the upper teeth. They also contribute to the
formation of the hard palate, the floor of the orbits, and the sides of the nasal cavity.
Inferior Nasal (R,L) Concha (Or Nasal Turbinate)
The inferior nasal conchae are two thin, curved bones located in the nasal cavity. They help to filter and
humidify the air as it passes through the nasal passages.
Vomer
A single thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum, separating the left and right nasal cavities.
Mandible
The mandible is the lower jawbone, the largest and strongest bone of the face. It holds the lower teeth and is
involved in chewing and speaking.
Hyoid Bone
A U-shaped bone located in the neck, which supports the tongue and is involved in swallowing. It is unique
because it is not directly attached to any other bones in the skeleton.
BIO 171 E1: VESSELS
Veins ____ blood to the ____
return; heart
Arteries ____ blood from the ____ to the ____
send; heart; body
Label the layers of a blood vessel
A. Tunica Intima
B. Tunica Media
C. Tunica Externa
Label the layers of a blood vessel model
A. Tunica Interna
B. Tunica Media
C. Tunica Externa
Label the parts of the aorta
A. Ascending Aorta
B. Aortic Arch
C. Descending/Thoracic Aorta
