BIO 171T – Exam 1 Study Guide – Endocrine System, Blood &
Immune System – 100% Verified Questions and Answers – LATEST
UPDATED MAY 2025 – A&P II College Exam Prep
Which of the following is true of the endocrine system?
CORRECT ANSWER - It responds slowly but effectively for maintaining homeostatic
functions
Endocrine cells
CORRECT ANSWER - release their secretions directly into body fluids such as blood
A hormone might
CORRECT ANSWER - alter a membrane channel by changing its shape, thereby affecting
what can go through it
Which of the following is not true regarding target cells
CORRECT ANSWER - They are associated with synapses
Hormones known as "catecholamines" are
CORRECT ANSWER - derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine
Peptide hormones are
CORRECT ANSWER - composed of amino acids
Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second
messenger?
CORRECT ANSWER - epinephrine
All of the following are true of steroid hormones except that they
, CORRECT ANSWER - are produced by the adrenal medulla
Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative except
CORRECT ANSWER - testosterone (lipid derivative)
Membrane receptors are used by which of the following types of hormones
CORRECT ANSWER - catecholamines, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids
Steroid hormones
CORRECT ANSWER - bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells
When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the
CORRECT ANSWER - second messenger appears in the cytoplasm
Hormones can be divided into different groups based on their chemistry. These categories
include all of the following except
CORRECT ANSWER - acetylcholine derivatives
Hormonal actions on cells affect all of the following except
CORRECT ANSWER - thickness of the plasma membrane
The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide
hormones is usually
CORRECT ANSWER - a G protein
After a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex
CORRECT ANSWER - gene transcription is initiated
,Which of the following hormones is/are water soluble and therefore bind(s) to extracellular
receptors
CORRECT ANSWER - insulin and epinephrine
If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing, which of these hormones could no
longer stimulate release of glucose
CORRECT ANSWER - glucagon
Receptors for ________, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids are found in the cell membranes of
target cells
CORRECT ANSWER - catecholamines
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the second-messenger mechanism of hormone
action
CORRECT ANSWER - Cellular operations are altered by direct stimulation of a gene
Upon binding of a single first messenger to a plasma membrane, thousands of second
messengers may become activated. This effect is known as
CORRECT ANSWER - amplification
Leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes are all examples of
CORRECT ANSWER - eicosanoids
Which hormone is not correctly matched
CORRECT ANSWER - testosterone: amino acid derivative
The hypothalamus acts as both a neural and a(n) ________ organ
CORRECT ANSWER - endocrine
, The most complex endocrine responses involve the
CORRECT ANSWER - hypothalamus
Destruction of the supra-optic nucleus of the hypothalamus would have which of the
following results
CORRECT ANSWER - loss of ADH secretion
If the hypophyseal portal system is destroyed, the hypothalamus would no longer be able to
control the secretion of which of the following hormones
CORRECT ANSWER - TSH, ACTH, PRL
Changes in blood osmotic pressure would most affect the secretion of
CORRECT ANSWER - ADH
The hypothalamus controls secretion in the adenohypophysis by
CORRECT ANSWER - secreting releasing and inhibiting hormones into the hypophysealportal
system
Neurons of the supra-optic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus manufacture
CORRECT ANSWER - ADH and oxytocin
The main action of antidiuretic hormone is
CORRECT ANSWER - increased water conservation by kidneys
Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause
CORRECT ANSWER - gigantism
Immune System – 100% Verified Questions and Answers – LATEST
UPDATED MAY 2025 – A&P II College Exam Prep
Which of the following is true of the endocrine system?
CORRECT ANSWER - It responds slowly but effectively for maintaining homeostatic
functions
Endocrine cells
CORRECT ANSWER - release their secretions directly into body fluids such as blood
A hormone might
CORRECT ANSWER - alter a membrane channel by changing its shape, thereby affecting
what can go through it
Which of the following is not true regarding target cells
CORRECT ANSWER - They are associated with synapses
Hormones known as "catecholamines" are
CORRECT ANSWER - derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine
Peptide hormones are
CORRECT ANSWER - composed of amino acids
Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second
messenger?
CORRECT ANSWER - epinephrine
All of the following are true of steroid hormones except that they
, CORRECT ANSWER - are produced by the adrenal medulla
Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative except
CORRECT ANSWER - testosterone (lipid derivative)
Membrane receptors are used by which of the following types of hormones
CORRECT ANSWER - catecholamines, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids
Steroid hormones
CORRECT ANSWER - bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells
When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the
CORRECT ANSWER - second messenger appears in the cytoplasm
Hormones can be divided into different groups based on their chemistry. These categories
include all of the following except
CORRECT ANSWER - acetylcholine derivatives
Hormonal actions on cells affect all of the following except
CORRECT ANSWER - thickness of the plasma membrane
The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide
hormones is usually
CORRECT ANSWER - a G protein
After a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex
CORRECT ANSWER - gene transcription is initiated
,Which of the following hormones is/are water soluble and therefore bind(s) to extracellular
receptors
CORRECT ANSWER - insulin and epinephrine
If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing, which of these hormones could no
longer stimulate release of glucose
CORRECT ANSWER - glucagon
Receptors for ________, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids are found in the cell membranes of
target cells
CORRECT ANSWER - catecholamines
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the second-messenger mechanism of hormone
action
CORRECT ANSWER - Cellular operations are altered by direct stimulation of a gene
Upon binding of a single first messenger to a plasma membrane, thousands of second
messengers may become activated. This effect is known as
CORRECT ANSWER - amplification
Leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes are all examples of
CORRECT ANSWER - eicosanoids
Which hormone is not correctly matched
CORRECT ANSWER - testosterone: amino acid derivative
The hypothalamus acts as both a neural and a(n) ________ organ
CORRECT ANSWER - endocrine
, The most complex endocrine responses involve the
CORRECT ANSWER - hypothalamus
Destruction of the supra-optic nucleus of the hypothalamus would have which of the
following results
CORRECT ANSWER - loss of ADH secretion
If the hypophyseal portal system is destroyed, the hypothalamus would no longer be able to
control the secretion of which of the following hormones
CORRECT ANSWER - TSH, ACTH, PRL
Changes in blood osmotic pressure would most affect the secretion of
CORRECT ANSWER - ADH
The hypothalamus controls secretion in the adenohypophysis by
CORRECT ANSWER - secreting releasing and inhibiting hormones into the hypophysealportal
system
Neurons of the supra-optic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus manufacture
CORRECT ANSWER - ADH and oxytocin
The main action of antidiuretic hormone is
CORRECT ANSWER - increased water conservation by kidneys
Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause
CORRECT ANSWER - gigantism
