BIO 171T Exam 1 – Endocrine, Blood & Immune System – Verified Study Questions
& Answers – 100% Toetsgericht – LAATST BIJGEWERKT 2025
Which of the following is true of the endocrine system?
It responds slowly but effectively for maintaining homeostatic functions
Endocrine cells
release their secretions directly into body fluids such as blood
A hormone might
alter a membrane channel by changing its shape, thereby affecting what can go through it
Which of the following is not true regarding target cells
They are associated with synapses
Hormones known as "catecholamines" are
derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine
Peptide hormones are
composed of amino acids
Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second messenger?
epinephrine
All of the following are true of steroid hormones except that they
are produced by the adrenal medulla
Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative except
testosterone (lipid derivative)
Membrane receptors are used by which of the following types of hormones
catecholamines, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids
Steroid hormones
bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells
When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the
second messenger appears in the cytoplasm
Hormones can be divided into different groups based on their chemistry. These categories include all of the
following except
acetylcholine derivatives
Hormonal actions on cells affect all of the following except
,thickness of the plasma membrane
The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide hormones is
usually
a G protein
After a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex
gene transcription is initiated
Which of the following hormones is/are water soluble and therefore bind(s) to extracellular receptors
insulin and epinephrine
If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing, which of these hormones could no longer stimulate
release of glucose
glucagon
Receptors for ________, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids are found in the cell membranes of target cells
catecholamines
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the second-messenger mechanism of hormone action
Cellular operations are altered by direct stimulation of a gene
Upon binding of a single first messenger to a plasma membrane, thousands of second
messengers may become activated. This effect is known as
amplification
Leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes are all examples of
eicosanoids
Which hormone is not correctly matched
testosterone: amino acid derivative
The hypothalamus acts as both a neural and a(n) ________ organ
endocrine
The most complex endocrine responses involve the
hypothalamus
Destruction of the supra-optic nucleus of the hypothalamus would have which of the
following results
loss of ADH secretion
If the hypophyseal portal system is destroyed, the hypothalamus would no longer be able to control the
secretion of which of the following hormones
, TSH, ACTH, PRL
Changes in blood osmotic pressure would most affect the secretion of
ADH
The hypothalamus controls secretion in the adenohypophysis by
secreting releasing and inhibiting hormones into the hypophysealportal system
Neurons of the supra-optic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus manufacture
ADH and oxytocin
The main action of antidiuretic hormone is
increased water conservation by kidneys
Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause
gigantism
Which of the following hormones may lead to acromegaly if hypersecreted after closure of the epiphyseal
plates?
growth hormone
The hormone produced by the pars intermedia of the adenohypophysis during early childhood is
MSH
Each of the following hormones is produced by the pars distalis of the adenohypophysis except
oxytocin
All of the following are true of oxytocin except?
It is stored in the anterior pituitary
Growth hormone does all of the following except
promote cortisol release
Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called
somatomedins
The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is
TSH
The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is
ACTH
The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in
testes is
& Answers – 100% Toetsgericht – LAATST BIJGEWERKT 2025
Which of the following is true of the endocrine system?
It responds slowly but effectively for maintaining homeostatic functions
Endocrine cells
release their secretions directly into body fluids such as blood
A hormone might
alter a membrane channel by changing its shape, thereby affecting what can go through it
Which of the following is not true regarding target cells
They are associated with synapses
Hormones known as "catecholamines" are
derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine
Peptide hormones are
composed of amino acids
Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second messenger?
epinephrine
All of the following are true of steroid hormones except that they
are produced by the adrenal medulla
Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative except
testosterone (lipid derivative)
Membrane receptors are used by which of the following types of hormones
catecholamines, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids
Steroid hormones
bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells
When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the
second messenger appears in the cytoplasm
Hormones can be divided into different groups based on their chemistry. These categories include all of the
following except
acetylcholine derivatives
Hormonal actions on cells affect all of the following except
,thickness of the plasma membrane
The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide hormones is
usually
a G protein
After a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex
gene transcription is initiated
Which of the following hormones is/are water soluble and therefore bind(s) to extracellular receptors
insulin and epinephrine
If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing, which of these hormones could no longer stimulate
release of glucose
glucagon
Receptors for ________, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids are found in the cell membranes of target cells
catecholamines
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the second-messenger mechanism of hormone action
Cellular operations are altered by direct stimulation of a gene
Upon binding of a single first messenger to a plasma membrane, thousands of second
messengers may become activated. This effect is known as
amplification
Leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes are all examples of
eicosanoids
Which hormone is not correctly matched
testosterone: amino acid derivative
The hypothalamus acts as both a neural and a(n) ________ organ
endocrine
The most complex endocrine responses involve the
hypothalamus
Destruction of the supra-optic nucleus of the hypothalamus would have which of the
following results
loss of ADH secretion
If the hypophyseal portal system is destroyed, the hypothalamus would no longer be able to control the
secretion of which of the following hormones
, TSH, ACTH, PRL
Changes in blood osmotic pressure would most affect the secretion of
ADH
The hypothalamus controls secretion in the adenohypophysis by
secreting releasing and inhibiting hormones into the hypophysealportal system
Neurons of the supra-optic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus manufacture
ADH and oxytocin
The main action of antidiuretic hormone is
increased water conservation by kidneys
Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause
gigantism
Which of the following hormones may lead to acromegaly if hypersecreted after closure of the epiphyseal
plates?
growth hormone
The hormone produced by the pars intermedia of the adenohypophysis during early childhood is
MSH
Each of the following hormones is produced by the pars distalis of the adenohypophysis except
oxytocin
All of the following are true of oxytocin except?
It is stored in the anterior pituitary
Growth hormone does all of the following except
promote cortisol release
Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called
somatomedins
The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is
TSH
The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is
ACTH
The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in
testes is
