BIO 322 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (RATED A+)
In this example, describe the relationship between the abundance of birds and
horseshoe crab eggs:
A. A decline in crab eggs causes a decline in the number of birds.
B. A decline in the number of birds causes a decline in the number of crab eggs.
C. Causation between birds and crab eggs cannot be determined from these data.
D. Either A or B is correct. - ANSWERC. Causation between birds and crab eggs
cannot be determined from these data.
Based on this graph, which of the below are potential solutions to increase food
supply?
A. Increase land area devoted to agriculture.
B. Increase the average yield (tons of food per hectare).
C. Increase aquaculture farming in the oceans.
D. A and B - ANSWERD. A and B
Which of the following statements about anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse
gases is false?
A. Global climate models accurately predict the observed global rise in temperature
if, and only if, they include anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases.
B. Agriculture and decomposition of waste in landfills are the primary anthropogenic
sources of methane gas.
C. The burning of fossil fuels is the primary anthropogenic source of carbon dioxide.
D. Anthropogenic emissions of methane are greater, by volume, than those of
carbon dioxide. - ANSWERD. Anthropogenic emissions of methane are greater, by
volume, than those of carbon dioxide.
Which of these statements correctly describes the biological effects associated with
recent climate change?
A. Recent climate change has been unambiguously linked to the extinction of many
species.
B. Recent climate change is associated with a shift in the timing of key biological
events, such as flowering and nesting, to slightly later in the calendar year.
C. Recent climate change is associated with a poleward shift of the geographic
range for many species.
D. None of the above statements correctly describes the biological effects
associated with recent climate change. - ANSWERC. Recent climate change is
associated with a poleward shift of the geographic range for many species.
Projections of how future climate change could affect the geographic ranges of
species typically use
A. a variety of assumptions about the species' ability to disperse to newly suitable
locations.
,B. a variety of models (GCMs) depicting global climatic processes.
C. a detailed description of the environmental conditions within the species' current
geographic range (known as the climate envelope).
D. All of the above - ANSWERD. All of the above
Green Revolution technologies are responsible for:
A. Increasing Earth's carrying capacity for humans
B. Synthetic pesticide production.
C. Synthetic fertilizer production.
D. Development of high-yielding crop varieties.
E. B, C, and D.
F. All of the above. - ANSWERF. All of the above.
In streams and lakes, algae:
A. Is a food source for organisms.
B. Consumes O2, causing water to become anoxic.
C. Produces O2.
D. Grows in response to nitrogen and phosphorus.
E. A, B, and D.
F. A, C, and D.
G. All of the above. - ANSWERF. A, C, and D.
Which of the following is true about organically vs. conventionally grown food?
A. Organic products are often more expensive.
B. Organic food likely has a lower carbon footprint.
C. Organic food likely has a lower nitrogen footprint.
D. Organic certification allows limited genetic modification (transgenic technology).
E. A and B.
F. All of the above. - ANSWERE. A and B.
Eutrophication of freshwater in the United States costs _______ per year in lost
recreational income and property value, and costs of endangered species and
drinking water recovery.
A. $20,000
B. $200,000
C. $2,000,000
D. $2 billion
E. $2 trillion - ANSWERD. $2 billion
What correct conclusion(s) can you draw from the graph on the left?
A. It is possible to build dams with only modest sacrifices of biodiversity.
B. It is NOT possible to build dams with only modest sacrifices of biodiversity.
C. Dams decrease survival of migratory fish.
D. A and C.
E. B and C. - ANSWERD. A and C.
How many of Earth's known species call the ocean home?
A. 1%
B. 4%
, C. 15%
D. 25%
E. 37%
F. 50% - ANSWERF. 50%
What percent of the world's population lives within 125 miles of the ocean?
A. 1%
B. 4%
C. 15%
D. 25%
E. 37%
F. 50% - ANSWERF. 50%
An introduced species...
A. Is the same as an exotic species.
B. Can also be a native species.
C. Is the same as a naturalized species.
D. A and C.
E. All of the above. - ANSWERA. Is the same as an exotic species.
What is passive management? - ANSWERUnder passive management,
conservation managers embark upon a single course of action but do not perform
monitoring to measure the outcome and do not provide opportunity for new
information to influence future actions.
What is adaptive management? - ANSWERUnder adaptive management,
conservation managers design and manage their projects to learn from their actions,
monitor to measure the outcome, and then plan future actions based on the findings.
What is reactive management? - ANSWERUnder reactive management,
conservation managers embark upon a single course of action but change that
course of action as events arise or new information becomes available.
When conservation managers embark upon a single course of action but change
that course of action as events arise or new information becomes available, they are
engaged in:
A. adaptive management.
B. reactive management.
C. passive management.
D. None of the above - ANSWERB. reactive management.
When conservation managers design and manage their projects to learn from their
actions, monitor to measure the outcome, and then plan future actions based on the
findings, they are engaged in:
A. adaptive management.
B. reactive management.
C. passive management.
D. None of the above - ANSWERA. adaptive management.
Which of these statements about monitoring is not true?
ANSWERS (RATED A+)
In this example, describe the relationship between the abundance of birds and
horseshoe crab eggs:
A. A decline in crab eggs causes a decline in the number of birds.
B. A decline in the number of birds causes a decline in the number of crab eggs.
C. Causation between birds and crab eggs cannot be determined from these data.
D. Either A or B is correct. - ANSWERC. Causation between birds and crab eggs
cannot be determined from these data.
Based on this graph, which of the below are potential solutions to increase food
supply?
A. Increase land area devoted to agriculture.
B. Increase the average yield (tons of food per hectare).
C. Increase aquaculture farming in the oceans.
D. A and B - ANSWERD. A and B
Which of the following statements about anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse
gases is false?
A. Global climate models accurately predict the observed global rise in temperature
if, and only if, they include anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases.
B. Agriculture and decomposition of waste in landfills are the primary anthropogenic
sources of methane gas.
C. The burning of fossil fuels is the primary anthropogenic source of carbon dioxide.
D. Anthropogenic emissions of methane are greater, by volume, than those of
carbon dioxide. - ANSWERD. Anthropogenic emissions of methane are greater, by
volume, than those of carbon dioxide.
Which of these statements correctly describes the biological effects associated with
recent climate change?
A. Recent climate change has been unambiguously linked to the extinction of many
species.
B. Recent climate change is associated with a shift in the timing of key biological
events, such as flowering and nesting, to slightly later in the calendar year.
C. Recent climate change is associated with a poleward shift of the geographic
range for many species.
D. None of the above statements correctly describes the biological effects
associated with recent climate change. - ANSWERC. Recent climate change is
associated with a poleward shift of the geographic range for many species.
Projections of how future climate change could affect the geographic ranges of
species typically use
A. a variety of assumptions about the species' ability to disperse to newly suitable
locations.
,B. a variety of models (GCMs) depicting global climatic processes.
C. a detailed description of the environmental conditions within the species' current
geographic range (known as the climate envelope).
D. All of the above - ANSWERD. All of the above
Green Revolution technologies are responsible for:
A. Increasing Earth's carrying capacity for humans
B. Synthetic pesticide production.
C. Synthetic fertilizer production.
D. Development of high-yielding crop varieties.
E. B, C, and D.
F. All of the above. - ANSWERF. All of the above.
In streams and lakes, algae:
A. Is a food source for organisms.
B. Consumes O2, causing water to become anoxic.
C. Produces O2.
D. Grows in response to nitrogen and phosphorus.
E. A, B, and D.
F. A, C, and D.
G. All of the above. - ANSWERF. A, C, and D.
Which of the following is true about organically vs. conventionally grown food?
A. Organic products are often more expensive.
B. Organic food likely has a lower carbon footprint.
C. Organic food likely has a lower nitrogen footprint.
D. Organic certification allows limited genetic modification (transgenic technology).
E. A and B.
F. All of the above. - ANSWERE. A and B.
Eutrophication of freshwater in the United States costs _______ per year in lost
recreational income and property value, and costs of endangered species and
drinking water recovery.
A. $20,000
B. $200,000
C. $2,000,000
D. $2 billion
E. $2 trillion - ANSWERD. $2 billion
What correct conclusion(s) can you draw from the graph on the left?
A. It is possible to build dams with only modest sacrifices of biodiversity.
B. It is NOT possible to build dams with only modest sacrifices of biodiversity.
C. Dams decrease survival of migratory fish.
D. A and C.
E. B and C. - ANSWERD. A and C.
How many of Earth's known species call the ocean home?
A. 1%
B. 4%
, C. 15%
D. 25%
E. 37%
F. 50% - ANSWERF. 50%
What percent of the world's population lives within 125 miles of the ocean?
A. 1%
B. 4%
C. 15%
D. 25%
E. 37%
F. 50% - ANSWERF. 50%
An introduced species...
A. Is the same as an exotic species.
B. Can also be a native species.
C. Is the same as a naturalized species.
D. A and C.
E. All of the above. - ANSWERA. Is the same as an exotic species.
What is passive management? - ANSWERUnder passive management,
conservation managers embark upon a single course of action but do not perform
monitoring to measure the outcome and do not provide opportunity for new
information to influence future actions.
What is adaptive management? - ANSWERUnder adaptive management,
conservation managers design and manage their projects to learn from their actions,
monitor to measure the outcome, and then plan future actions based on the findings.
What is reactive management? - ANSWERUnder reactive management,
conservation managers embark upon a single course of action but change that
course of action as events arise or new information becomes available.
When conservation managers embark upon a single course of action but change
that course of action as events arise or new information becomes available, they are
engaged in:
A. adaptive management.
B. reactive management.
C. passive management.
D. None of the above - ANSWERB. reactive management.
When conservation managers design and manage their projects to learn from their
actions, monitor to measure the outcome, and then plan future actions based on the
findings, they are engaged in:
A. adaptive management.
B. reactive management.
C. passive management.
D. None of the above - ANSWERA. adaptive management.
Which of these statements about monitoring is not true?
