BIOLOGY 100 FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%
SOLVED
What is a scientific theory? - ANSWERA scientific theory is a well-substantiated
explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have
been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.
What is the correct order of complexity? - ANSWERAtom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell,
Tissue, Organ, System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere
What is the boundary of an animal cell called? - ANSWERcell membrane
What needs to be present for something to move passively through a cell
membrane? - ANSWERconcentration gradient
What is the difference between passive and active transport? - ANSWERpassive
transport does not require energy while active energy does. In the case of active
transport, the molecules move against the concentration gradient from low to high
concentration.
What is entropy? - ANSWERthe measure of "disorder" in a system
(everything is constantly getting more and more disordered)
What is an example of potential energy? Kinetic Energy? - ANSWERAn example of
potential energy is a gun about to go off or a rock at the top of a hill. Kinetic energy
would be those objects in motion, such as a gun shooting or a rock rolling down a
hill.
What is the main function of the nucleus? - ANSWERIts main function is to regulate
gene expression; it also controls cellular growth and replication.
What is the main function of ribosomes? - ANSWERmaking proteins
What is the main function of the cytoskeleton? - ANSWERprovides structural support
What are found in plant cells and not animal cells? - ANSWERchloroplasts, central
vacuoles, and cell walls
What is the purpose of the plasma membrane? - ANSWERIt regulates what enters
and exits the cell.
, What is the definition of a population? - ANSWERMembers of a single type of living
thing, living together in a defined area
What is homeostasis? - ANSWERMaintaining a constant internal environment
What is the definition of a tissue? - ANSWERA large mass of similar cells that make
up a part of an organism and perform a specific function.
Living things inherit information from their parents encoded in what? - ANSWERDNA
What are the subatomic particles of an atom? - ANSWERprotons, neutrons, and
electrons
Which subatomic particle plays the greatest role in chemical reactions? -
ANSWERelectrons
Why will atoms react with other atoms? - ANSWERtheir outermost shell of electrons
has not been filled
What is the definition of a hydrophobic molecule? - ANSWERA molecule that is
repelled by water or is "water-fearing".
How many covalent bonds can oxygen make with hydrogen? - ANSWERtwo
What is the definition of a solute? Solvent? - ANSWERA solute is the substance to
be dissolved (example: sugar). The solvent is the one doing the dissolving (example:
water).
What is the definition of an acid (in regards to hydrogen atoms)? - ANSWERAcids
are substances that can donate H+ ions to bases.
What is glycogen? - ANSWERa substance deposited in bodily tissues as a store of
carbohydrates. It is a polysaccharide that forms glucose on hydrolysis.
What is a polysaccharide? - ANSWERa carbohydrate (e.g., starch, cellulose, or
glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together
What is a phospholipid? - ANSWERtwo fatty acids, attached to a glycerol 'head' and
a phosphate group. they are located in the phospholipid bilayer and have a
hydrophilic (or 'water loving') head and a hydrophobic (or 'water fearing') tail.
What are the functions of proteins? - ANSWERQuickening chemical reactions,
chemical messengers, repair and maintenance, energy, hormones, enzymes,
transportation and storage of molecules, and forming antibodies, healing,
mechanical support, storing nutrients, cell signaling.
What are proteins made up of? - ANSWERamino acids
What is DNA made up of? - ANSWERnucleotides
GUIDE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%
SOLVED
What is a scientific theory? - ANSWERA scientific theory is a well-substantiated
explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have
been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.
What is the correct order of complexity? - ANSWERAtom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell,
Tissue, Organ, System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere
What is the boundary of an animal cell called? - ANSWERcell membrane
What needs to be present for something to move passively through a cell
membrane? - ANSWERconcentration gradient
What is the difference between passive and active transport? - ANSWERpassive
transport does not require energy while active energy does. In the case of active
transport, the molecules move against the concentration gradient from low to high
concentration.
What is entropy? - ANSWERthe measure of "disorder" in a system
(everything is constantly getting more and more disordered)
What is an example of potential energy? Kinetic Energy? - ANSWERAn example of
potential energy is a gun about to go off or a rock at the top of a hill. Kinetic energy
would be those objects in motion, such as a gun shooting or a rock rolling down a
hill.
What is the main function of the nucleus? - ANSWERIts main function is to regulate
gene expression; it also controls cellular growth and replication.
What is the main function of ribosomes? - ANSWERmaking proteins
What is the main function of the cytoskeleton? - ANSWERprovides structural support
What are found in plant cells and not animal cells? - ANSWERchloroplasts, central
vacuoles, and cell walls
What is the purpose of the plasma membrane? - ANSWERIt regulates what enters
and exits the cell.
, What is the definition of a population? - ANSWERMembers of a single type of living
thing, living together in a defined area
What is homeostasis? - ANSWERMaintaining a constant internal environment
What is the definition of a tissue? - ANSWERA large mass of similar cells that make
up a part of an organism and perform a specific function.
Living things inherit information from their parents encoded in what? - ANSWERDNA
What are the subatomic particles of an atom? - ANSWERprotons, neutrons, and
electrons
Which subatomic particle plays the greatest role in chemical reactions? -
ANSWERelectrons
Why will atoms react with other atoms? - ANSWERtheir outermost shell of electrons
has not been filled
What is the definition of a hydrophobic molecule? - ANSWERA molecule that is
repelled by water or is "water-fearing".
How many covalent bonds can oxygen make with hydrogen? - ANSWERtwo
What is the definition of a solute? Solvent? - ANSWERA solute is the substance to
be dissolved (example: sugar). The solvent is the one doing the dissolving (example:
water).
What is the definition of an acid (in regards to hydrogen atoms)? - ANSWERAcids
are substances that can donate H+ ions to bases.
What is glycogen? - ANSWERa substance deposited in bodily tissues as a store of
carbohydrates. It is a polysaccharide that forms glucose on hydrolysis.
What is a polysaccharide? - ANSWERa carbohydrate (e.g., starch, cellulose, or
glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together
What is a phospholipid? - ANSWERtwo fatty acids, attached to a glycerol 'head' and
a phosphate group. they are located in the phospholipid bilayer and have a
hydrophilic (or 'water loving') head and a hydrophobic (or 'water fearing') tail.
What are the functions of proteins? - ANSWERQuickening chemical reactions,
chemical messengers, repair and maintenance, energy, hormones, enzymes,
transportation and storage of molecules, and forming antibodies, healing,
mechanical support, storing nutrients, cell signaling.
What are proteins made up of? - ANSWERamino acids
What is DNA made up of? - ANSWERnucleotides
