200 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS| GRADED A+ |2025 LATEST
VERSION | 100% VERIFIED| 2 VERSIONS
1. Explain how carbon dioxide causes global warming (2): 1. C=O bonds in carbon dioxide absorb
infrared radiation
2. IR radiation emitted by the earth doesn't escape from the atmosphere
2. Give the IUPAC name of CH3CH2CH2CH2CH(OH)CN (1): 2-hydroxyhexanenitrile
3. Describe how you would distinguish between separate samples of the two isomers o
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH(OH)CN (2): 1. plane polarised light
2 enantiomers would rotate the plane in opposite directions
4. Explain why the reaction of CH3CH2CH2CH2CHO with KCN followed by dilute acid produce
a racemic mixture (3): 1. planar carbonyl group
2. nucleophilic attack from either side
3. with equal probability
5. Draw a structural formula for the diester C6H10O4:
6. Draw the structure of the zwitterion formed by phenylalanine (1):
,7. Draw the structure of serine at high pH (1):
8. Draw the structures of both dipeptides formed when phenylalanine reacts with serine (2):
9. Name and outline a mechanism for the reaction between CH3CH2COCl and CH3CH2NH2
give the IUPAC name of the organic product (6):
10. Write an equation for the reaction of conc nitric acid with conc sulphuric acid to form the
species that reacts with nitrobenzene (1): HNO3 + 2H2SO4 -> NO2+ + H3O+ + 2HSO4-
(allow H2SO4 + HNO3 -> NO2+ + HSO4- + H2O)
11. Name and outline a mechanism for the reaction of NO2+ with nitrobenzene to form 1,3
dinitrobenzene (4):
12. State in general terms what determines the distance travelled by a spot in TLC (1): 1. balance
between solubility in moving phase and retention by stationary phase or
affinity for stationary and solvent phase
13. Give an equation for the combustion of heptane in an excess of oxygen
, (1): C7H16 + 11O2 -> 7CO2 + 8H2O
14. Identify a suitable catalyst for the catalytic cracking of hexadecane
(C16H34) to form heptane (1)
Give one condition other than high temperature (1)
Give an equation of the cracking to produce one molecule of heptane, one molecule of cyclohexane
and one other product (1): 1. zeolite/aluminium oxide
2. slight/moderate pressure
3. C16H34 -> C7H16 + C6H12 + C3H6
15. Give equations for the propagation steps in the reaction of butane to form 2-chlorobutane (2)
Cl* + CH3CH2CH2CH3 + CH3CH2CH*CH3 + HCl
CH3CH2CH*CH3 + Cl2 CH3CH2CHClCH3 + Cl*
16. Explain why a single Cl* can cause the decomposition of many molecules of ozone (3)
(Use equations): Cl* + O3 -> ClO* + O2
ClO* + O3 -> Cl* + 2O2
Cl* is regenerated and causes a chain reaction in the decomposition of ozone
17. Give the IUPAC name for CH2(OH)CH(CH3)CH2Br (1): 3-bromo-2-methylpropan-1-ol
18. A student carried out an experiment to determine the enthalpy of combustion of ethanol.
Combustion of 457 mg of ethanol increased the temperature of 150 g of water from 25.1 °C to 40.2
°C
Calculate a value, in kJ mol-1, for the enthalpy of combustion of ethanol in this experiment.