Pathophysiology 6 exam
pathophysiology (Portage Learning Online)
,Alteration in the HPA axis have been linked to PTSD.
True
Muscular tone is diminished during REM sleep.
True
Voluntary Tongue movements are controlled by which cranial nerve?
CNXII
A decrease in which neurotransmitter has been linked to narcolepsy?
Hypocretin
Question 1
A patient has experienced a seizure affecting the lef t temporal lobe. The
family reports that the patient
exhibited repetitive lip smacking and hand rubbing followed by a period
of great fear and insecurity.
They have experienced which type of seizure?
Focal seizure without impairment of consciousness or awareness
Focal seizure with impairment of consciousness or awareness
Generalized tonic/clonic seizure
A patient experiences a seizure that manifests with repetitive hand
rubbing and reports of hallucinations right before the seizure occurred.
They have experienced which type of seizure?
,Focal seizure without impairment of consciousness or awareness
Focal seizure with impairment of consciousness or awareness
Generalized tonic/clonic seizure
A patient has experienced a seizure affecting the lef t temporal lobe. The
family reports that the patient exhibited repetitive lip smacking and hand
rubbing followed by a period of great fear and insecurity. They have
experiences which type of seizure?
Focal seizure with impairment of consciousness or awareness
Question 2
A patient is having difficulty tracking their eye laterally. Which cranial
nerve is affected?
CN II.
CN III.
CN IV.
CN VI.
The sense of vision is controlled by which cranial nerve
CNII
I. Olfactory nerve
, The olfactory nerve transmits information regarding a
person’s sense of smell to the brain.
When an individual inhales fragrant molecules, olfactory
receptors within the nasal passage send the impulses to
the cranial cavity, which then travel to the olfactory bulb.
Specialized olfactory neurons and nerve fibers meet with
other nerves, which pass into the olfactory tract.
The olfactory tract then travels to the frontal lobe and other
areas of the brain that have a role in memory and the
notation of different smells.
II. Optic nerve
The optic nerve transmits information to the brain regarding
a person’s vision.
When light enters the eye, it hits the retina, which contains
rods and cones. These are photoreceptors that translate
signals from light into visual information for the brain.
These cones sit within the central retina and have a role in
color vision. Conversely, the rods in the peripheral retina
are responsible for noncolor vision.
The photoreceptors carry signal impulses along nerve cells to
form the optic nerve. Most of the fibers of the optic nerve
cross into a structure called the optic chiasm. The optic
tract then projects to the primary visual cortex in the
occipital lobe at the back of the brain.
The occipital lobe is where the brain handles visual
information.
pathophysiology (Portage Learning Online)
,Alteration in the HPA axis have been linked to PTSD.
True
Muscular tone is diminished during REM sleep.
True
Voluntary Tongue movements are controlled by which cranial nerve?
CNXII
A decrease in which neurotransmitter has been linked to narcolepsy?
Hypocretin
Question 1
A patient has experienced a seizure affecting the lef t temporal lobe. The
family reports that the patient
exhibited repetitive lip smacking and hand rubbing followed by a period
of great fear and insecurity.
They have experienced which type of seizure?
Focal seizure without impairment of consciousness or awareness
Focal seizure with impairment of consciousness or awareness
Generalized tonic/clonic seizure
A patient experiences a seizure that manifests with repetitive hand
rubbing and reports of hallucinations right before the seizure occurred.
They have experienced which type of seizure?
,Focal seizure without impairment of consciousness or awareness
Focal seizure with impairment of consciousness or awareness
Generalized tonic/clonic seizure
A patient has experienced a seizure affecting the lef t temporal lobe. The
family reports that the patient exhibited repetitive lip smacking and hand
rubbing followed by a period of great fear and insecurity. They have
experiences which type of seizure?
Focal seizure with impairment of consciousness or awareness
Question 2
A patient is having difficulty tracking their eye laterally. Which cranial
nerve is affected?
CN II.
CN III.
CN IV.
CN VI.
The sense of vision is controlled by which cranial nerve
CNII
I. Olfactory nerve
, The olfactory nerve transmits information regarding a
person’s sense of smell to the brain.
When an individual inhales fragrant molecules, olfactory
receptors within the nasal passage send the impulses to
the cranial cavity, which then travel to the olfactory bulb.
Specialized olfactory neurons and nerve fibers meet with
other nerves, which pass into the olfactory tract.
The olfactory tract then travels to the frontal lobe and other
areas of the brain that have a role in memory and the
notation of different smells.
II. Optic nerve
The optic nerve transmits information to the brain regarding
a person’s vision.
When light enters the eye, it hits the retina, which contains
rods and cones. These are photoreceptors that translate
signals from light into visual information for the brain.
These cones sit within the central retina and have a role in
color vision. Conversely, the rods in the peripheral retina
are responsible for noncolor vision.
The photoreceptors carry signal impulses along nerve cells to
form the optic nerve. Most of the fibers of the optic nerve
cross into a structure called the optic chiasm. The optic
tract then projects to the primary visual cortex in the
occipital lobe at the back of the brain.
The occipital lobe is where the brain handles visual
information.
