NUR265: FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
o Describe a comprehensive preoperative assessment to identify pertinent health and
surgical risk factors - CORRECT-ANSWERSInitiates the nursing process
o Admission data: demographics, health hx, other information pertinent to the surgical
procedure
o Verifies completion of preoperative diagnostic testing
o Begins discharge planning by assessing pt's need for postop care
o Health hx and physical exam, medications and allergies, nutrition, fluid status, dentition,
drug or alcohol use, respiratory and cardiovascular status, hepatic and renal function,
endocrine function, immune function, previous medication use, psychosocial factors,
spiritual, cultural beliefs
o Medications that potentially affect surgical experience: corticosteroids, diuretics,
phenothiazines, tranquilizers, insulin, antibiotics, anticoagulants, anticonvulsant meds,
thyroid hormone, opioids, OTC and herbal
o Identify legal and ethical considerations related to obtaining informed consent for surgery
- CORRECT-ANSWERSshould be written before non emergent surgery, legal mandate,
surgeon must explain the procedure/benefits/risks/complications/etc, nurse calcifies
information and witnesses signature, consent is valid ONLY when signed before
administering psychoactive premedication, consent accompanied patient to OR
o Describe preoperative nursing measures that decrease the risk for infection and other
postoperative complications - CORRECT-ANSWERSproviding pt education, deep
, breathing, coughing, and incentive spirometry, mobility and active body movement, pain
management, cognitive coping strategies, education for pts undergoing ambulatory
surgery, providing psychosocial interventions, reducing anxiety and decreasing fear,
respecting cultural/spiritual/religious beliefs, maintaining pt safety, managing nutrition,
fluids, preparing the bowels, preparing the skin, pt changes into gown, mouth inspection,
jewelry removed, valuable stored in a secure place, administering preanesthetic
medication, maintaining preoperative record, transporting pt to presurgical area, attending
to family needs
o Describe the responsibilities of the post-anesthesia care nurse in the prevention of
immediate post-operative complications. - CORRECT-ANSWERSProvide care for
patient until patient has revered from effects of anesthesia. (Resumption of motor and
sensory function, Oriented, Stable VS, shows no evidence of hemorrhage or other
complications or surgery), vital to perform frequent skilled assessment of patient, review
pertinent information, baseline assessment upon admission to unit, assess airy, respiratory
function, cardiovascular function, skin color, level of consciousness, and ability to
respond to commands, reassess VS, patient status every 15 minutes or more frequently as
needed, administration of postoperative analgesia, transfer report, to another unit or
discharge patient to home. Discharge planning, discharge assessment, provide written,
kernel instructions regarding medications, diet, give prescriptions, phone numbers,
discuss actions to take if complications occur. Give instructions to patient, responsible
adult who will accompany patient, patients are not to drive home or be discharged to
home alone, sedation, anesthesia may affect memory, judgement, affect ability.
, o Identify assessment parameters appropriate for the early detection of postoperative
complications. - CORRECT-ANSWERSAssessment: Respiratory, pain, mental
status/LOC, general discomfort, primary consideration: necessary to maintain ventilation,
oxygenation, provide supplemental O2 as indicated, assess breathing by placing hand
near face to feel movement of air. Keep head of bed elevated 15 to 30 degrees unless
contraindicated-may require suctioning. If vomiting occurs, turn patient, monitor all
indicators of cardiovascular status assess all IV lines, potential for hypotension, shock,
potential for hemorrhage, potential for hypertension, dysrhythmias, Pallor. Cool, moist
skin, rapid respirations, cyanosis, rapid, weak, thready pulse, decreasing pulse pressure,
low blood pressure, concentrated urine, assess patient comfort, control of environment:
quiet, low lights, noise level, administer analgesics as indicated; usually short-acting
Opioids IV. Family visit, dealing with family anxiety. Intervene at first indication of
nausea, medications, assessment of postoperative nausea, vomiting risk, prophylactic
treatment.
o Plan effective care of patients with the following imbalances: fluid volume deficit and
fluid volume excess, sodium deficit (hyponatremia) and sodium excess (hypernatremia),
and potassium deficit (hypokalemia) and potassium excess (hyperkalemia). - CORRECT-
ANSWERSFluid Volume Deficit (hypovolemia) Abnormal fluid losses, decreased intake,
third-space fluid shifts, additional causes: I&O at least every 8 hours, sometimes hourly,
daily weight, vital signs closely monitored, skin and tongue turgor, mucosa, urine output,
mental status, measures to minimize fluid loss. Administration of oral fluids,
administration of parenteral fluids, Fluid Volume Excess Edema, distended neck veins,
cradles: I&O and daily weights assess lung sounds, edema, other symptoms, monitor
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
o Describe a comprehensive preoperative assessment to identify pertinent health and
surgical risk factors - CORRECT-ANSWERSInitiates the nursing process
o Admission data: demographics, health hx, other information pertinent to the surgical
procedure
o Verifies completion of preoperative diagnostic testing
o Begins discharge planning by assessing pt's need for postop care
o Health hx and physical exam, medications and allergies, nutrition, fluid status, dentition,
drug or alcohol use, respiratory and cardiovascular status, hepatic and renal function,
endocrine function, immune function, previous medication use, psychosocial factors,
spiritual, cultural beliefs
o Medications that potentially affect surgical experience: corticosteroids, diuretics,
phenothiazines, tranquilizers, insulin, antibiotics, anticoagulants, anticonvulsant meds,
thyroid hormone, opioids, OTC and herbal
o Identify legal and ethical considerations related to obtaining informed consent for surgery
- CORRECT-ANSWERSshould be written before non emergent surgery, legal mandate,
surgeon must explain the procedure/benefits/risks/complications/etc, nurse calcifies
information and witnesses signature, consent is valid ONLY when signed before
administering psychoactive premedication, consent accompanied patient to OR
o Describe preoperative nursing measures that decrease the risk for infection and other
postoperative complications - CORRECT-ANSWERSproviding pt education, deep
, breathing, coughing, and incentive spirometry, mobility and active body movement, pain
management, cognitive coping strategies, education for pts undergoing ambulatory
surgery, providing psychosocial interventions, reducing anxiety and decreasing fear,
respecting cultural/spiritual/religious beliefs, maintaining pt safety, managing nutrition,
fluids, preparing the bowels, preparing the skin, pt changes into gown, mouth inspection,
jewelry removed, valuable stored in a secure place, administering preanesthetic
medication, maintaining preoperative record, transporting pt to presurgical area, attending
to family needs
o Describe the responsibilities of the post-anesthesia care nurse in the prevention of
immediate post-operative complications. - CORRECT-ANSWERSProvide care for
patient until patient has revered from effects of anesthesia. (Resumption of motor and
sensory function, Oriented, Stable VS, shows no evidence of hemorrhage or other
complications or surgery), vital to perform frequent skilled assessment of patient, review
pertinent information, baseline assessment upon admission to unit, assess airy, respiratory
function, cardiovascular function, skin color, level of consciousness, and ability to
respond to commands, reassess VS, patient status every 15 minutes or more frequently as
needed, administration of postoperative analgesia, transfer report, to another unit or
discharge patient to home. Discharge planning, discharge assessment, provide written,
kernel instructions regarding medications, diet, give prescriptions, phone numbers,
discuss actions to take if complications occur. Give instructions to patient, responsible
adult who will accompany patient, patients are not to drive home or be discharged to
home alone, sedation, anesthesia may affect memory, judgement, affect ability.
, o Identify assessment parameters appropriate for the early detection of postoperative
complications. - CORRECT-ANSWERSAssessment: Respiratory, pain, mental
status/LOC, general discomfort, primary consideration: necessary to maintain ventilation,
oxygenation, provide supplemental O2 as indicated, assess breathing by placing hand
near face to feel movement of air. Keep head of bed elevated 15 to 30 degrees unless
contraindicated-may require suctioning. If vomiting occurs, turn patient, monitor all
indicators of cardiovascular status assess all IV lines, potential for hypotension, shock,
potential for hemorrhage, potential for hypertension, dysrhythmias, Pallor. Cool, moist
skin, rapid respirations, cyanosis, rapid, weak, thready pulse, decreasing pulse pressure,
low blood pressure, concentrated urine, assess patient comfort, control of environment:
quiet, low lights, noise level, administer analgesics as indicated; usually short-acting
Opioids IV. Family visit, dealing with family anxiety. Intervene at first indication of
nausea, medications, assessment of postoperative nausea, vomiting risk, prophylactic
treatment.
o Plan effective care of patients with the following imbalances: fluid volume deficit and
fluid volume excess, sodium deficit (hyponatremia) and sodium excess (hypernatremia),
and potassium deficit (hypokalemia) and potassium excess (hyperkalemia). - CORRECT-
ANSWERSFluid Volume Deficit (hypovolemia) Abnormal fluid losses, decreased intake,
third-space fluid shifts, additional causes: I&O at least every 8 hours, sometimes hourly,
daily weight, vital signs closely monitored, skin and tongue turgor, mucosa, urine output,
mental status, measures to minimize fluid loss. Administration of oral fluids,
administration of parenteral fluids, Fluid Volume Excess Edema, distended neck veins,
cradles: I&O and daily weights assess lung sounds, edema, other symptoms, monitor
