Pharmacology for Nurses. A Pathophysiologic Approach Adams - Hollan
Urban (Unit 1)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6xyub2
1. Pharmacology: Study of medicine; how drugs are administered; where drugs
travel in the body,
Response that drugs produce.
2. drug: A chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person's
body or behavior
3. medication: A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.
4. biologics: agents naturally produced in animal cells, in microorganisms, or by the
body itself
5. Mechanism of Action: how a drug produces its physiological effect in the body
6. Bioavailability: the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
7. Therapeutic classification of drugs:: Based on what the drug does clinically
8. Pharmacologic Classification: Based on the drug's mechanism of action, or
how the drug produces its effect
9. Most Drugs have three names: Chemical, Generic, Trade (CHEMICAL:
(1/2)-2-(p-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid; GENERIC: ibuprofen; TRADE: Motrin)
10. Generic vs. Trade-Name Drugs: Trade name drugs with exclusive rights cost
more. When rights end, competing companies offer generic form cheaper
11. prescription drugs: Drugs legally available only with a physician's order.
12. Over the counter drugs (OTC): can be purchased without a prescription
13. Black Box Warnings: One of the primary alerts for identifying
extreme adverse drug reactions discovered
during and after the review
process; 1997 FDA created "Black Box Warnings"
14. Contraindications: factors that prevent the use of a drug or treatment
15. why should healthcare professionals be concerned about patients tak-
ing herbal medicines?: patients could be putting themselves at risk, potential
herb-drug interactions
16. U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP): 1820; 1st comprehensive publication formulary
used in the U.S.; drug purity, strength, and directions for synthesis.
17. USP and National Formulary (NF): 1852-1975, two drug standards in the US
by the American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA). 1. USP - all drug products. 2.
National Formulary (NF) - pharmaceutical ingredients.
18. U.S. Pharacopoeia -National Formulary (USP-NF): 1975 merged into a single
publication
19. Biologic Control Act: 1902 standardized serum and blood-related products
20. Pure Food and Drug Act: 1906 - Established government control (FDA) for
labeling
medicines
, Pharmacology for Nurses. A Pathophysiologic Approach Adams - Hollan
Urban (Unit 1)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6xyub2
21. Shirley Amendment: 1912 - Prohibited drugs labeled with false therapeutic
claims
22. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) and amendments: 1938- Thorough
testing of drug; Proof of safety and efficacy of drug
23. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994: 1994-Controls mislead-
ing industry claims
24. Four Stages of Approval for Therapeutic and Biologic Drugs: 1. Preclinical
investigation (1-3 years, average 18months)
2. Clinical investigation (2-10 years; average 5 years)
3. Review of new drug application (NDA) (2 months -7 years, average 24 months)
4. Postmarketing surveillance (adverse reaction reporting; surveys/sampling/testing;
inspections)
25. Addiction: The overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug repeat-
ed
26. Dependence: A physiological or psychological need for a substance
27. Physical dependence: An altered physical condition caused by the adaptation
of the nervous system to repeated drug use.
28. Psychological dependence: Few signs of physical discomfort when drug is
withdrawn, but intense compelling desire to continue drug use
29. Controlled Substances: Are restricted by the Controlled Substances Act of
1970. Have a high potential for addiction or dependence. Have restricted use.
Are placed into one of five schedules:
Schedule I drugs have the highest abuse potential,
Schedule V the lowest
30. Teratogenic Drug Classification: Five categories of risk that a drug poses to
a fetus in the case of a pregnant woman
taking the drug. A, B, C, D, and X; Class A is the safest, while X poses the most
danger to the fetus.
31. Allergic Reactions: a condition caused by an overreaction of the body's im-
mune system
32. Anaphylaxis: Life threatening allergic reaction
33. Five Rights of Drug Administration: 1. Right patient
2. Right medication
3. Right dose
4. Right route of administration
5. Right time of delivery
Right documentation
Urban (Unit 1)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6xyub2
1. Pharmacology: Study of medicine; how drugs are administered; where drugs
travel in the body,
Response that drugs produce.
2. drug: A chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person's
body or behavior
3. medication: A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.
4. biologics: agents naturally produced in animal cells, in microorganisms, or by the
body itself
5. Mechanism of Action: how a drug produces its physiological effect in the body
6. Bioavailability: the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
7. Therapeutic classification of drugs:: Based on what the drug does clinically
8. Pharmacologic Classification: Based on the drug's mechanism of action, or
how the drug produces its effect
9. Most Drugs have three names: Chemical, Generic, Trade (CHEMICAL:
(1/2)-2-(p-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid; GENERIC: ibuprofen; TRADE: Motrin)
10. Generic vs. Trade-Name Drugs: Trade name drugs with exclusive rights cost
more. When rights end, competing companies offer generic form cheaper
11. prescription drugs: Drugs legally available only with a physician's order.
12. Over the counter drugs (OTC): can be purchased without a prescription
13. Black Box Warnings: One of the primary alerts for identifying
extreme adverse drug reactions discovered
during and after the review
process; 1997 FDA created "Black Box Warnings"
14. Contraindications: factors that prevent the use of a drug or treatment
15. why should healthcare professionals be concerned about patients tak-
ing herbal medicines?: patients could be putting themselves at risk, potential
herb-drug interactions
16. U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP): 1820; 1st comprehensive publication formulary
used in the U.S.; drug purity, strength, and directions for synthesis.
17. USP and National Formulary (NF): 1852-1975, two drug standards in the US
by the American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA). 1. USP - all drug products. 2.
National Formulary (NF) - pharmaceutical ingredients.
18. U.S. Pharacopoeia -National Formulary (USP-NF): 1975 merged into a single
publication
19. Biologic Control Act: 1902 standardized serum and blood-related products
20. Pure Food and Drug Act: 1906 - Established government control (FDA) for
labeling
medicines
, Pharmacology for Nurses. A Pathophysiologic Approach Adams - Hollan
Urban (Unit 1)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6xyub2
21. Shirley Amendment: 1912 - Prohibited drugs labeled with false therapeutic
claims
22. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) and amendments: 1938- Thorough
testing of drug; Proof of safety and efficacy of drug
23. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994: 1994-Controls mislead-
ing industry claims
24. Four Stages of Approval for Therapeutic and Biologic Drugs: 1. Preclinical
investigation (1-3 years, average 18months)
2. Clinical investigation (2-10 years; average 5 years)
3. Review of new drug application (NDA) (2 months -7 years, average 24 months)
4. Postmarketing surveillance (adverse reaction reporting; surveys/sampling/testing;
inspections)
25. Addiction: The overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug repeat-
ed
26. Dependence: A physiological or psychological need for a substance
27. Physical dependence: An altered physical condition caused by the adaptation
of the nervous system to repeated drug use.
28. Psychological dependence: Few signs of physical discomfort when drug is
withdrawn, but intense compelling desire to continue drug use
29. Controlled Substances: Are restricted by the Controlled Substances Act of
1970. Have a high potential for addiction or dependence. Have restricted use.
Are placed into one of five schedules:
Schedule I drugs have the highest abuse potential,
Schedule V the lowest
30. Teratogenic Drug Classification: Five categories of risk that a drug poses to
a fetus in the case of a pregnant woman
taking the drug. A, B, C, D, and X; Class A is the safest, while X poses the most
danger to the fetus.
31. Allergic Reactions: a condition caused by an overreaction of the body's im-
mune system
32. Anaphylaxis: Life threatening allergic reaction
33. Five Rights of Drug Administration: 1. Right patient
2. Right medication
3. Right dose
4. Right route of administration
5. Right time of delivery
Right documentation
