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Psychology 1 - Midterm 2 (UC Berkeley)
2025 | Certified Exam With Correct Answers
Jean Piaget - Correct-answer-the leader in cognitive development research, began
research by observing his own children; his theory of development says that
children go through different, set stages of development as they progress toward
adulthood; distinct stages cannot be sped up through adulthood help and that
children are always adapting to their environment through demands put on them
schema - Correct-answer-a concept or mental framework that organizes and
interprets information in the world
equilibrium - Correct-answer-a cognitive state of mind that comes from harmony
between a child's environment and present schema
disequilibrium - Correct-answer-a cognitive state of mind caused when new
information contradicts current schemas
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assimilation - Correct-answer-interpreting one's new experience in terms of one's
existing schema
accommodation - Correct-answer-adapting one's current schemas to incorporate
new information
equilibration - Correct-answer-shifting from one frame of mind to the next;
children begin to alter their schema until the conflicts within their current schema
subside after multiple exposures
sensorimotor stage - Correct-answer-Piaget's stage that focused on learning
different outcomes through the senses and then learning the ways to increase the
frequency of desirable outcomes; challenges with object permanence and sense
of self; from birth till age 2
preoperational stage - Correct-answer-Piaget's stage that includes overcoming
egocentrism, learning pretend play, overcoming animism, learning symbolism,
and the challenge of conservation; from ages 2 to 7
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concrete operational stage - Correct-answer-Piaget's stage that includes
metacognition, ability to do operations (reverse actions), and understand
analogies; from ages 7 to 11
formal operational stage - Correct-answer-Piaget's stage that includes abstract
reasoning and adolescent egocentrism; skepticism about this stage occurring for
everyone, if people completely master this stage, and if everyone experiences it in
the same way; from ages 11 to 15
abstract reasoning - Correct-answer-the ability to focus on the ideal and
hypothetical; easy recognition of logic problems, move toward hypothetical-
deductive reasoning
adolescent egocentrism - Correct-answer-a heightened sense of self-
consciousness that includes personal fables (perception of being unique and
invincible) and an imaginary audience (perception of being the constant center of
attention)
David Elkind - Correct-answer-psychologist who introduced the idea of adolescent
egocentrism
Psychology 1 - Midterm 2 (UC Berkeley)
2025 | Certified Exam With Correct Answers
Jean Piaget - Correct-answer-the leader in cognitive development research, began
research by observing his own children; his theory of development says that
children go through different, set stages of development as they progress toward
adulthood; distinct stages cannot be sped up through adulthood help and that
children are always adapting to their environment through demands put on them
schema - Correct-answer-a concept or mental framework that organizes and
interprets information in the world
equilibrium - Correct-answer-a cognitive state of mind that comes from harmony
between a child's environment and present schema
disequilibrium - Correct-answer-a cognitive state of mind caused when new
information contradicts current schemas
,2|Page
assimilation - Correct-answer-interpreting one's new experience in terms of one's
existing schema
accommodation - Correct-answer-adapting one's current schemas to incorporate
new information
equilibration - Correct-answer-shifting from one frame of mind to the next;
children begin to alter their schema until the conflicts within their current schema
subside after multiple exposures
sensorimotor stage - Correct-answer-Piaget's stage that focused on learning
different outcomes through the senses and then learning the ways to increase the
frequency of desirable outcomes; challenges with object permanence and sense
of self; from birth till age 2
preoperational stage - Correct-answer-Piaget's stage that includes overcoming
egocentrism, learning pretend play, overcoming animism, learning symbolism,
and the challenge of conservation; from ages 2 to 7
, 3|Page
concrete operational stage - Correct-answer-Piaget's stage that includes
metacognition, ability to do operations (reverse actions), and understand
analogies; from ages 7 to 11
formal operational stage - Correct-answer-Piaget's stage that includes abstract
reasoning and adolescent egocentrism; skepticism about this stage occurring for
everyone, if people completely master this stage, and if everyone experiences it in
the same way; from ages 11 to 15
abstract reasoning - Correct-answer-the ability to focus on the ideal and
hypothetical; easy recognition of logic problems, move toward hypothetical-
deductive reasoning
adolescent egocentrism - Correct-answer-a heightened sense of self-
consciousness that includes personal fables (perception of being unique and
invincible) and an imaginary audience (perception of being the constant center of
attention)
David Elkind - Correct-answer-psychologist who introduced the idea of adolescent
egocentrism
