Test Bank for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Biology of the Mind 5th Edition by Gazzaniga

,TEST BANK FOR COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE THE BIOLOGY OF THE MIND FIFTH
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EDITION BY MICHAEL GAZZANIGA, RICHARD B IVRY, GEORGE R MANGUN
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Chapter 1: A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES f



1.1 Explain the origins of the field of cognitive neuroscience. f f f f f f f f



1.2 Describe the roots of the debate over localization of function. f f f f f f f f f



1.3 Explain the ways in which brain structure was studied. f f f f f f f f



1.4 Understand the philosophical origins of cognitive psychology. f f f f f f



1.5 Discuss behaviorism and its principal tenets. f f f f f



1.6 Explain how and why cognitive psychology came to the forefront of the psychological fields.
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1.7 Identify the different methods that are used to measure brain function and structure.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE f




1. What term was coined by Thomas Willis as a consequence of the case of Anne Green?
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a. psychopathology
b. cognition
c. neurology
d. psychosis
ANS: C f DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 A Historical Perspective f f f f


OBJ: 1.1
f f MSC: Remembering f




2. Aside from saving Anne Green’s life, Thomas Willis and Christopher Wren also
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a. created very accurate drawings of the brain. f f f f f f


b. came up with the names of a number of brain structures.
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c. took the first steps that led to cognitive neuroscience.
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d. All of the answer options are correct.
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ANS: D f DIF: Medium REF: 1.1 A Historical Perspective f f f f


OBJ: 1.1
f f MSC: Understanding f




3. Each of the following are reasons why Willis is considered one of the early figures in cognitive
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neuroscience EXCEPT:
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a. He named many brain parts. f f f f


b. He gave frequent lectures on specific brain regions.
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c. He was among the first to link behavioral deficits to brain damage.
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d. He created very accurate brain images.
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ANS: B f DIF: Medium REF: 1.1 A Historical Perspective f f f f


OBJ: 1.1
f f MSC: Remembering f




4. While studying brain function, it is often useful to think of development in terms of
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which is the perspective of
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a. cognition; cognitive neuroscience c. blood flow; magnetic resonance imaging
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b. survival; evolution d. dysfunction; psychopathology
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ANS: B f DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1 A Historical Perspective f f f

,OBJ: 1.1
f MSC: Analyzing
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, 5. Which stance would most likely hold an assumption that physical elements of the brain are responsible
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for the conscious mind?
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a. monism c. dualism
b. behaviorism d. relativism f



ANS: A f DIF: Medium REF: 1.1 A Historical Perspective
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OBJ: 1.1 f MSC: Analyzing

6. René Descartes posited that the mind was separate from the body. However, he implicated a single
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brain structure, the pineal gland, as having what function?
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a. regulating feelings and emotions c. moderating cognitive processes f f f f f


b. connecting the mind and the body d. adjusting behavior f f f f f f f




ANS: B f DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 A Historical Perspective f f f f


OBJ: 1.1
f f MSC: Remembering f




7. Considering the perspective recommended for approaching cognitive neuroscience, which of the
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following would best explain how a cognitive function may have developed?
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a. learning and reward c. neurological dysfunction
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b. integration with technology d. hunting and gathering f f f f f



ANS: D f DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1 A Historical Perspective f f f


OBJ: 1.1 f MSC: Analyzing f




8. Acentral issue of modern cognitive neuroscience is whether specific human cognitive abilities
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a. arise from networks of brain areas working together.
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b. are determined by the shape and size of the human skull or the brain beneath.
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c. are best studied using the scientific method.
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d. can be best identified using the Golgi silver method of staining or fMRI.
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ANS: A f DIF: Medium REF: 1.2 The Brain Story f f f f


OBJ: 1.2
f f MSC: Understanding f




9. The discipline of phrenology was founded by
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a. Broca and Wernicke. f f c. Ramón y Cajal and Sherrington. f f f f


b. Fritsch and Hitzig. f f d. Gall and Spurzheim.
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ANS: D f DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 The Brain Story f f f f


OBJ: 1.2
f f MSC: Remembering f




10. Phrenologists believed that the contour of the skull could provide valuable information about an
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individual’s cognitive capacities and personality traits. This approach was based on the assumption that
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a. skull protrusions are caused by disproportionate development of the brain areas beneath
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them, which are responsible for different specific functions.
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b. certain traits such as aggressiveness lead to life experiences and injuries that alter the
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shape of the skull in specific ways.
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c. life experiences and injuries that alter the shape of the skull in specific ways lead to certain
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traits, such as aggressiveness.
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d. the development of the skull bones directly influences the configuration of the soft brain
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areas beneath them, which are responsible for different specific functions.
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ANS: A f DIF: Difficult REF: 1.2 The Brain Story f f f f


OBJ: 1.2
f f MSC: Evaluating f




11. Localizationist is to f f as holistic is to f f f .
a. Wernicke; Gall f c. Flourens; Broca f