NR-541 \ NR541 \ NR 541 Advanced
Pharmacology Midterm Practice Exam
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLUS
RATIONALES| GUARANTEED PASS |
LATEST UPDATE | CHAMBERLAIN
UNIVERSITY
1. A patient is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. Which of the following is
the most important laboratory value to monitor?
A. Liver enzymes
B. Serum potassium
C. Hemoglobin
D. Glucose
Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that can increase serum potassium levels,
potentially leading to hyperkalemia.
,2. Which of the following antibiotics is contraindicated during pregnancy due to
risk of fetal bone growth retardation?
A. Penicillin
B. Azithromycin
C. Doxycycline
D. Amoxicillin
Rationale: Doxycycline, a tetracycline, can deposit in fetal bones and teeth,
causing discoloration and growth inhibition.
3. A patient on warfarin has an INR of 6.0 but is not bleeding. What is the most
appropriate initial intervention?
A. Give vitamin K IM
B. Hold warfarin and administer oral vitamin K
C. Give protamine sulfate
D. Continue the current dose
Rationale: An INR of 6.0 is supratherapeutic. Oral vitamin K helps reverse
anticoagulation safely if there is no active bleeding.
4. Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of metoprolol?
A. Alpha-1 blocker
,B. Selective beta-1 blocker
C. Non-selective beta blocker
D. Calcium channel blocker
Rationale: Metoprolol selectively blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors, reducing
heart rate and blood pressure.
5. Which drug class should be avoided in a patient with asthma?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Calcium channel blockers
C. Non-selective beta blockers
D. Thiazide diuretics
Rationale: Non-selective beta blockers like propranolol can cause
bronchoconstriction and worsen asthma symptoms.
6. Which medication is a first-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
A. Glipizide
B. Pioglitazone
C. Metformin
D. Sitagliptin
, Rationale: Metformin is typically the first-line treatment unless contraindicated
due to its efficacy and safety profile.
7. A patient taking simvastatin complains of muscle pain. What is the most
appropriate next step?
A. Increase the dose
B. Add niacin
C. Check creatine kinase (CK) levels
D. Switch to a fibrate
Rationale: Statins can cause myopathy or rhabdomyolysis. CK levels help evaluate
muscle damage severity.
8. What is a common adverse effect of SSRIs like sertraline?
A. Hypertension
B. Sexual dysfunction
C. Weight loss
D. Hyperglycemia
Rationale: SSRIs commonly cause decreased libido and other forms of sexual
dysfunction in both men and women.
Pharmacology Midterm Practice Exam
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLUS
RATIONALES| GUARANTEED PASS |
LATEST UPDATE | CHAMBERLAIN
UNIVERSITY
1. A patient is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. Which of the following is
the most important laboratory value to monitor?
A. Liver enzymes
B. Serum potassium
C. Hemoglobin
D. Glucose
Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that can increase serum potassium levels,
potentially leading to hyperkalemia.
,2. Which of the following antibiotics is contraindicated during pregnancy due to
risk of fetal bone growth retardation?
A. Penicillin
B. Azithromycin
C. Doxycycline
D. Amoxicillin
Rationale: Doxycycline, a tetracycline, can deposit in fetal bones and teeth,
causing discoloration and growth inhibition.
3. A patient on warfarin has an INR of 6.0 but is not bleeding. What is the most
appropriate initial intervention?
A. Give vitamin K IM
B. Hold warfarin and administer oral vitamin K
C. Give protamine sulfate
D. Continue the current dose
Rationale: An INR of 6.0 is supratherapeutic. Oral vitamin K helps reverse
anticoagulation safely if there is no active bleeding.
4. Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of metoprolol?
A. Alpha-1 blocker
,B. Selective beta-1 blocker
C. Non-selective beta blocker
D. Calcium channel blocker
Rationale: Metoprolol selectively blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors, reducing
heart rate and blood pressure.
5. Which drug class should be avoided in a patient with asthma?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Calcium channel blockers
C. Non-selective beta blockers
D. Thiazide diuretics
Rationale: Non-selective beta blockers like propranolol can cause
bronchoconstriction and worsen asthma symptoms.
6. Which medication is a first-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
A. Glipizide
B. Pioglitazone
C. Metformin
D. Sitagliptin
, Rationale: Metformin is typically the first-line treatment unless contraindicated
due to its efficacy and safety profile.
7. A patient taking simvastatin complains of muscle pain. What is the most
appropriate next step?
A. Increase the dose
B. Add niacin
C. Check creatine kinase (CK) levels
D. Switch to a fibrate
Rationale: Statins can cause myopathy or rhabdomyolysis. CK levels help evaluate
muscle damage severity.
8. What is a common adverse effect of SSRIs like sertraline?
A. Hypertension
B. Sexual dysfunction
C. Weight loss
D. Hyperglycemia
Rationale: SSRIs commonly cause decreased libido and other forms of sexual
dysfunction in both men and women.
