FRESENIUS NEW HIRE, EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
What are the functions of a healthy kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Removal of waste products
(creatinine, urea, and uric acid). Regulate fluid, acid base, and electrolytes.
What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine flow? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅(2) Kidneys (2) Ureters (1) Bladder (1) Urethra
Which of the functions of healthy kidneys are replaced by dialysis? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Removal of waste products, and Regulation of fluid balance
What is the function of renin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅hormone produced by the kidneys with
important effects on regulation of the blood pressure, and on sodium, and potassium balance
What is homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Steady internal state of equilibrium in the body.
Intracellular - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Inside the cells
Intravascular - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inside the blood vessels
Extracellular - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅outside the cells
Interstitial - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅between the cells
What are the body fluid compartments? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Intracellular, Extracellular,
Intravascular, Interstitial
What is hemodialysis? (HD) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Outpatient setting
, Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Patient's home
What factors impact the rate of diffusion ? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Concentration Gradient,
Temperature, Molecular weight of solutes, Nature of the solution, Membrane Permeability, Surface
area, Flow Geometry Convection
What are three types of solutions? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Hypotonic, Isotonic, Hypertonic
What is hypotonic? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Containing less particles
What is Isotonic? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Containing equal particles
What is Hypertonic? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Containing more particles
Countercurrent Flow is? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Blood and Dialysate flow in opposite directions
What happens to diffusion when dialyzer fibers clot? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅either from
inadequate heparinization or an improperly primed dialyzer, diffusion is decreased.
What are the compartments of a dialyzer? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Blood compartment, dialysate
compartment
What separates the dialyzer compartments? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅There is potting material on
both ends of the dialyzer to assure separation of the blood and dialysate
What volume should be used for fresh fill? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅MUST be performed prior to
the initiation of every treatment
What position should the dialyzer be in during hemodialysis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Arterial end
up during treatment
AND ANSWERS
What are the functions of a healthy kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Removal of waste products
(creatinine, urea, and uric acid). Regulate fluid, acid base, and electrolytes.
What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine flow? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅(2) Kidneys (2) Ureters (1) Bladder (1) Urethra
Which of the functions of healthy kidneys are replaced by dialysis? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Removal of waste products, and Regulation of fluid balance
What is the function of renin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅hormone produced by the kidneys with
important effects on regulation of the blood pressure, and on sodium, and potassium balance
What is homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Steady internal state of equilibrium in the body.
Intracellular - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Inside the cells
Intravascular - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inside the blood vessels
Extracellular - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅outside the cells
Interstitial - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅between the cells
What are the body fluid compartments? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Intracellular, Extracellular,
Intravascular, Interstitial
What is hemodialysis? (HD) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Outpatient setting
, Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Patient's home
What factors impact the rate of diffusion ? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Concentration Gradient,
Temperature, Molecular weight of solutes, Nature of the solution, Membrane Permeability, Surface
area, Flow Geometry Convection
What are three types of solutions? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Hypotonic, Isotonic, Hypertonic
What is hypotonic? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Containing less particles
What is Isotonic? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Containing equal particles
What is Hypertonic? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Containing more particles
Countercurrent Flow is? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Blood and Dialysate flow in opposite directions
What happens to diffusion when dialyzer fibers clot? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅either from
inadequate heparinization or an improperly primed dialyzer, diffusion is decreased.
What are the compartments of a dialyzer? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Blood compartment, dialysate
compartment
What separates the dialyzer compartments? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅There is potting material on
both ends of the dialyzer to assure separation of the blood and dialysate
What volume should be used for fresh fill? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅MUST be performed prior to
the initiation of every treatment
What position should the dialyzer be in during hemodialysis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Arterial end
up during treatment
