MOC EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WHere does the lower respiratory system start - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅trachea down to the
thoracic cavity to the bronchi stem and on
What is COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅obstruction of the
air on inspiration (asthma) and expiration (emphysema and bronchitis)
WHich form of COPD is reversible and which is not - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Reversible: Asthma
Nonreversible: Bronchitis and emphysema
Who has a high mortality with asthma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅African Americans
What is asthma and what triggers it - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-An obstructive reversible condition
of the tracheobronchial tree of the lower respiratory tract.
-a reactive airway disease that is triggered by allergies, exercise, cold, infections, and drugs
(tends to be unpredictable)
What occurs during an asthmatic attack - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅bronchioconstriction,
inflammation, swollen mucosa, and mucus narrow the airway leading to obstruction
What does the early phase of asthma look like - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Peaks in 30 to 60 minutes
-Subsides in another 30 to 90 minutes
-Wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnea, and cough
What does the late phase of asthma look like - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Caused by inflammation
-Client becomes hypersensitive to air pollution, cold, and dust particles
-Usually peaks 5-6 hours after exposure but may last several hours/days
,Early and late phases of asthma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Epithelial damage
•Increased work to breathe
•Altered gas exchange
•Change in ventilation and perfusion
-Not treated may lead to progressive, irreversible lung damage
What patient history do you take for asthma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Allergies
-family history
-smoking
-pattern and association with other events
-meds
What to look for if patient is using a beta agonist inhaler (bronchodilator) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅If used more than prescribed than asthma is not being managed properly by patient
and it decreases the effectiviness of beta agonist
How do we classify asthma? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-intermittent: <2 days or less in a week
-mild: >2 days a week
-Moderate: daily
-severe: continous, several times per day
Symptoms of acute asthma attack - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-dyspnea, flaring nostrils, wheezes,
chest tightness, respiratory rate increased, coughing, leaned over to breath, speaking in short panting
phrases
-use of accessory muscles to facilitate breathing, cyanosis, respiratory acidosis, early signs of hypoxia-
panic/altered mental status/cardiac arrhythmias
What meds are given in acute asthma attacks (aimed at bronchodilation and decreasing inflammation) -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Bronchodilator via neb treatment or metered does inhaler (short acting)
-NEVER USE LONG ACTING AS AN EMERGENCY DRUG
, What to look for after asthma attack - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-patient is comfortable
-coughing up secretions (good sign)
-wheezing deminishing
-monitor ABGs
-Change sheets and gowns due to diaphoretic of patient (sweating)
Chronic Bronchitis and emphysema are.... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅not reversible and progress to
get worse over time
Signs of emphysema - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Pink puffer, dyspnea on excretion, chronic cough w/
little to no sputum, barrel chest, accessory muscle breathing, increased RR, prolonged expiration, pursed
lip breathing, thin and underweight
What is chronic bronchitis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-presence of productive cough that lasts three
months out of the yeart for two consecutive years
-Chronic production of exudate clogs bronchioles and makes them narrower leading to fibrosis of
peribronchioles bringing on impaired gas exchange.
symptoms/signs of chronic bronchitis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cough with sputum, frequent
respiratory infections, dyspnea on excretion, cyanotic color, hypoxia, hypercapnia, acidosis, edematous,
increased RR, digital clubbing, cor pulmonale, accessory muscle breathing, peripheral edema
Does emphysema and broncitis have air trapping? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Both have air trapping
but emphesyma has more air trapping in distal spaces(alveoli) and chronic bronchitis has swelling,
edema, and mucus in bronchioles. Most of the time patient has both symptoms with one overriding the
other
what is the biggest cause of COPD? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Smoking
what causes emphysema - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A1 Antitrypsin deficency so COPD in young
people is possibly a gentic link
WHere does the lower respiratory system start - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅trachea down to the
thoracic cavity to the bronchi stem and on
What is COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅obstruction of the
air on inspiration (asthma) and expiration (emphysema and bronchitis)
WHich form of COPD is reversible and which is not - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Reversible: Asthma
Nonreversible: Bronchitis and emphysema
Who has a high mortality with asthma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅African Americans
What is asthma and what triggers it - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-An obstructive reversible condition
of the tracheobronchial tree of the lower respiratory tract.
-a reactive airway disease that is triggered by allergies, exercise, cold, infections, and drugs
(tends to be unpredictable)
What occurs during an asthmatic attack - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅bronchioconstriction,
inflammation, swollen mucosa, and mucus narrow the airway leading to obstruction
What does the early phase of asthma look like - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Peaks in 30 to 60 minutes
-Subsides in another 30 to 90 minutes
-Wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnea, and cough
What does the late phase of asthma look like - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Caused by inflammation
-Client becomes hypersensitive to air pollution, cold, and dust particles
-Usually peaks 5-6 hours after exposure but may last several hours/days
,Early and late phases of asthma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Epithelial damage
•Increased work to breathe
•Altered gas exchange
•Change in ventilation and perfusion
-Not treated may lead to progressive, irreversible lung damage
What patient history do you take for asthma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Allergies
-family history
-smoking
-pattern and association with other events
-meds
What to look for if patient is using a beta agonist inhaler (bronchodilator) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅If used more than prescribed than asthma is not being managed properly by patient
and it decreases the effectiviness of beta agonist
How do we classify asthma? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-intermittent: <2 days or less in a week
-mild: >2 days a week
-Moderate: daily
-severe: continous, several times per day
Symptoms of acute asthma attack - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-dyspnea, flaring nostrils, wheezes,
chest tightness, respiratory rate increased, coughing, leaned over to breath, speaking in short panting
phrases
-use of accessory muscles to facilitate breathing, cyanosis, respiratory acidosis, early signs of hypoxia-
panic/altered mental status/cardiac arrhythmias
What meds are given in acute asthma attacks (aimed at bronchodilation and decreasing inflammation) -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Bronchodilator via neb treatment or metered does inhaler (short acting)
-NEVER USE LONG ACTING AS AN EMERGENCY DRUG
, What to look for after asthma attack - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-patient is comfortable
-coughing up secretions (good sign)
-wheezing deminishing
-monitor ABGs
-Change sheets and gowns due to diaphoretic of patient (sweating)
Chronic Bronchitis and emphysema are.... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅not reversible and progress to
get worse over time
Signs of emphysema - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Pink puffer, dyspnea on excretion, chronic cough w/
little to no sputum, barrel chest, accessory muscle breathing, increased RR, prolonged expiration, pursed
lip breathing, thin and underweight
What is chronic bronchitis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-presence of productive cough that lasts three
months out of the yeart for two consecutive years
-Chronic production of exudate clogs bronchioles and makes them narrower leading to fibrosis of
peribronchioles bringing on impaired gas exchange.
symptoms/signs of chronic bronchitis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cough with sputum, frequent
respiratory infections, dyspnea on excretion, cyanotic color, hypoxia, hypercapnia, acidosis, edematous,
increased RR, digital clubbing, cor pulmonale, accessory muscle breathing, peripheral edema
Does emphysema and broncitis have air trapping? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Both have air trapping
but emphesyma has more air trapping in distal spaces(alveoli) and chronic bronchitis has swelling,
edema, and mucus in bronchioles. Most of the time patient has both symptoms with one overriding the
other
what is the biggest cause of COPD? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Smoking
what causes emphysema - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A1 Antitrypsin deficency so COPD in young
people is possibly a gentic link
