MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 2025/2026 WK 1-7
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ RIO
SALADO COLLEGE
All organisms are classified into three basic domains. What are the domains?
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Explain the importance of observations made by Hooke and van Leeuwenhoek.
Hooke discovery marked that beginning of cell theory - that all living things are
composed of cells
VAm Leeu - observation of live microorganisms using his simple microscope
Compare the theories of spontaneous generation and biogenesis.
Spontaneous generation is that life could spontaneously generate
Biogenesis- the theory that living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells.
Identify the contributions to microbiology made by Needham, Spallanzani,
Virchow, and Pasteur.
Needham claimed that microorganisms could arise spontaneously from heated
nutrient broth
,Spallanzani suggested needham results were due to microorganisms in the air that
were entering his broth.
Virchow biogenesis
Pateur experiments that formed the basis for aseptic technique.
List several ways in which microbes affect our lives.
· Maintenance of an ecological balance on earth
Produce foods and chemical necessary for the survival of humans
Maintain health present on your skin, in your mouth, and in your stomach
Recognize the system of scientific nomenclature that uses genus and specific
epithet names.
Designed by Carolus Linnaeus each living organism is assigned two names. The
genus is the first name and is always capitalized. The species name follows and is
not capitalized.
Differentiate among the major characteristics of each group of microorganisms.
Most common shapes of bacteria: Bacillius (rodlike); Coccus (spherical or ovoid);
spiral (corkscrew or curved).
,Archaea:
consist of prokaryotic cells and don't have cell walls. They live in extreme
environments
Fungi:
eukaryotic organisms have distinct nucleus. Can be uni/multicellular
Protozoa:
eukaryotic; unicellular. Most are parasites, names means "first animals"
Algae:
uni/multicellular that obtain nourishment through photosynthesis.
Viruses:
non cellular that are parasites of cells. Structurally simple, difficult to kill. Smaller
than bacteria.
, Identify the importance of Koch's postulates.
Proved that microorganisms caused disease
Explain how Pasteur's work influenced Lister and Koch.
Because he participated in the development of germ theory (idea that
microorganisms might cause disease)Coined the term vaccine and that the
protection from disease or recovery is called immunity, and discovered that
avirulent bacteria can be used to cure fowl cholera
Identify the importance of Jenner's work.
He demonstrated that inoculation with cowpox material provided humans with
immunity from small pox
Identify the contributions to microbiology made by Ehrlich and Fleming.
Ehrlich introduced an arsenic containing chemical called salvarsan to tx syphilis
Flemming observed that mold (penicillium) inhibited the growth of a bacterial
culture.
Define bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, immunology, and virology.
Bacteriology: the study of bacteria
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ RIO
SALADO COLLEGE
All organisms are classified into three basic domains. What are the domains?
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Explain the importance of observations made by Hooke and van Leeuwenhoek.
Hooke discovery marked that beginning of cell theory - that all living things are
composed of cells
VAm Leeu - observation of live microorganisms using his simple microscope
Compare the theories of spontaneous generation and biogenesis.
Spontaneous generation is that life could spontaneously generate
Biogenesis- the theory that living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells.
Identify the contributions to microbiology made by Needham, Spallanzani,
Virchow, and Pasteur.
Needham claimed that microorganisms could arise spontaneously from heated
nutrient broth
,Spallanzani suggested needham results were due to microorganisms in the air that
were entering his broth.
Virchow biogenesis
Pateur experiments that formed the basis for aseptic technique.
List several ways in which microbes affect our lives.
· Maintenance of an ecological balance on earth
Produce foods and chemical necessary for the survival of humans
Maintain health present on your skin, in your mouth, and in your stomach
Recognize the system of scientific nomenclature that uses genus and specific
epithet names.
Designed by Carolus Linnaeus each living organism is assigned two names. The
genus is the first name and is always capitalized. The species name follows and is
not capitalized.
Differentiate among the major characteristics of each group of microorganisms.
Most common shapes of bacteria: Bacillius (rodlike); Coccus (spherical or ovoid);
spiral (corkscrew or curved).
,Archaea:
consist of prokaryotic cells and don't have cell walls. They live in extreme
environments
Fungi:
eukaryotic organisms have distinct nucleus. Can be uni/multicellular
Protozoa:
eukaryotic; unicellular. Most are parasites, names means "first animals"
Algae:
uni/multicellular that obtain nourishment through photosynthesis.
Viruses:
non cellular that are parasites of cells. Structurally simple, difficult to kill. Smaller
than bacteria.
, Identify the importance of Koch's postulates.
Proved that microorganisms caused disease
Explain how Pasteur's work influenced Lister and Koch.
Because he participated in the development of germ theory (idea that
microorganisms might cause disease)Coined the term vaccine and that the
protection from disease or recovery is called immunity, and discovered that
avirulent bacteria can be used to cure fowl cholera
Identify the importance of Jenner's work.
He demonstrated that inoculation with cowpox material provided humans with
immunity from small pox
Identify the contributions to microbiology made by Ehrlich and Fleming.
Ehrlich introduced an arsenic containing chemical called salvarsan to tx syphilis
Flemming observed that mold (penicillium) inhibited the growth of a bacterial
culture.
Define bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, immunology, and virology.
Bacteriology: the study of bacteria
