UNIT:3 Surgical instruments & Equipment’s
Surgical Instruments (General)
Abdominal Retractors.
Anal Retractors, Rectal Specula.
Antrum Punch Forceps, Sphenoid Punches.
Artery Forceps.
Broncho-Esophagoscopy Forceps.
Cervical Biopsy & Specimen Forceps.
Cheek & Lip Retractors.
Clips Applying Forceps.
Scissors.
o Knife to scalpel to electrocautery.
o Retractors.
Forceps.
Clamp
Fabrication
Iron alloys in the 400 series (low in chromium and high in carbon) are most commonly used
for the fabrication of surgical instruments.
Surgical instruments are fabricated using a variety of processes and materials,
including forging, milling, and heat treating. The choice of material and manufacturing
processes determines the quality of the instrument.
Materials
Stainless steel: An alloy of iron, chromium, and carbon that's resistant to
corrosion. It's often used for surgical instruments because of its corrosion resistance
and good salt resistance.
Titanium: Used for non-magnetic instruments.
Manufacturing processes
Forging: A rough stamp of the instrument's outline is created by heating stainless
steel.
Milling: Steel is milled into blanks that are then shaped into components.
Heat treating: The components are heat-hardened (tempered).
Polishing: The instruments are polished.
Passivation: The instruments are passivated.
Etching: The instruments are etched.
Surgical Instruments (General)
Abdominal Retractors.
Anal Retractors, Rectal Specula.
Antrum Punch Forceps, Sphenoid Punches.
Artery Forceps.
Broncho-Esophagoscopy Forceps.
Cervical Biopsy & Specimen Forceps.
Cheek & Lip Retractors.
Clips Applying Forceps.
Scissors.
o Knife to scalpel to electrocautery.
o Retractors.
Forceps.
Clamp
Fabrication
Iron alloys in the 400 series (low in chromium and high in carbon) are most commonly used
for the fabrication of surgical instruments.
Surgical instruments are fabricated using a variety of processes and materials,
including forging, milling, and heat treating. The choice of material and manufacturing
processes determines the quality of the instrument.
Materials
Stainless steel: An alloy of iron, chromium, and carbon that's resistant to
corrosion. It's often used for surgical instruments because of its corrosion resistance
and good salt resistance.
Titanium: Used for non-magnetic instruments.
Manufacturing processes
Forging: A rough stamp of the instrument's outline is created by heating stainless
steel.
Milling: Steel is milled into blanks that are then shaped into components.
Heat treating: The components are heat-hardened (tempered).
Polishing: The instruments are polished.
Passivation: The instruments are passivated.
Etching: The instruments are etched.
