lOMoARcPSD|6353920
WGU-C215 Final Exam Study
Guide Questions with Complete
Solution 2025/2026 Edition
Total Quality Management (TQM) Philosophy - Answer - 1. customer focus
2. continuous improvement
3. employee empowerment
4. use of quality tools
5. product design
6. process management
7. managing supplier quality
Process Capability Index (Cpk) - Answer - Basic function of Six Sigma.
Measures the process potential and performance of processes. The higher the
range of Cpk, the improved is the ability of the process to complete its
necessities.
Six Sigma - Answer - A disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for
eliminating defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean
and the nearest specification limit) in any process - from manufacturing to
transactional and from product to service.
Design Capacity - Answer - The theoretical maximum output of a system in a
given period under ideal conditions.
Location Analysis - Answer - proximity to customers, transportation, source of
labor, community attitude, proximity to suppliers, and many other factors.
The technique for determining location decisions.
Line Processes - Answer - A type of process used to produce a large volume of
a standardized product.
■
Limited customization and high volume
, lOMoARcPSD|6353920
Batch Processes - Answer - A type of process used to produce a small number
of products in groups or batches based on customer orders or specifications.
■ High customization moderate volume
Project Processes - Answer - A type of process used to make a one-at-a-time
product exactly to customer specifications.
■ Most custom and lowest volume
Continuous Processes - Answer - A type of process that operates continually
to produce a high volume of a fully standardized product.
- No customization and as high a volume as possible
Bottleneck - Answer - Longest task in the process.
Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) - Answer - A type of automated system
that combines the flexibility of intermittent operations with the efficiency of
continuous operations.
Output/Input Control - Answer - A technique for monitoring the flow of jobs
between work centers.
Value-Added - Answer - The net increase created during the transformation
of inputs into final outputs.
Hybrid Layouts - Answer - Layouts that combine characteristics of process and
product layouts.
- Group technology layouts.
- Cell technology layouts.
- Grocery stores use hybrid layouts
Relationship Chart (REL) - Answer - Table that reflects opinions of
managers with regard to the importance of having any two departments
close together.
Rectilinear Distance - Answer - The shortest distance between two
locations using north-south and east-west movements.
From-To Matrix - Answer - Table that gives the number of trips or units of
product moved between any pair of departments.
Block Plan - Answer - Schematic showing the placement of resources in a
facility.
, lOMoARcPSD|6353920
Mean Observed Times - Answer - The average of the observation times for
each of the work elements.
Normal Time - Answer - The mean observed time multiplied by the
performance rating factor by the frequency of occurrence.
Standard Time - Answer - The length of time it should take a qualified
worker using appropriate process and tools to complete a specific job,
allowing time for personal fatigue and unavoidable delays.
Just-in-Time (JIT) - Answer - A philosophy designed to achieve high-volume
production through elimination of waste and continuous improvement.
Based on a "pull" system rather than a "push" system. The three elements
are just-in-time manufacturing, total quality management, and respect for
people.
Kanban card - Answer - A card that specifies the exact quantity of product
that needs to be produced.
Tier One Suppliers - Answer - Supplies materials or services directly to the
processing facility.
These are the suppliers that put products in specific containers or packages.
Internal Functions companies
Tier Two Suppliers - Answer - Directly supplies materials or services to a tier-
one supplier in the supply chain.
Suppliers of the specialty materials for the tier one suppliers to be able to
produce the packaging necessary for different products.
Think cardboard, plastic, glass, chemicals.
Tier Three Suppliers - Answer - Directly supplies materials or services to a tier
two supplier in the supply chain.
These are companies that extract raw materials.
Oil, raw chemical materials, wood.
Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) - Answer - Determines the labor and
machine resources needed to fill the open and planned orders generated by
the MRP.
Basically, checking if there is enough work scheduled for operations
WGU-C215 Final Exam Study
Guide Questions with Complete
Solution 2025/2026 Edition
Total Quality Management (TQM) Philosophy - Answer - 1. customer focus
2. continuous improvement
3. employee empowerment
4. use of quality tools
5. product design
6. process management
7. managing supplier quality
Process Capability Index (Cpk) - Answer - Basic function of Six Sigma.
Measures the process potential and performance of processes. The higher the
range of Cpk, the improved is the ability of the process to complete its
necessities.
Six Sigma - Answer - A disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for
eliminating defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean
and the nearest specification limit) in any process - from manufacturing to
transactional and from product to service.
Design Capacity - Answer - The theoretical maximum output of a system in a
given period under ideal conditions.
Location Analysis - Answer - proximity to customers, transportation, source of
labor, community attitude, proximity to suppliers, and many other factors.
The technique for determining location decisions.
Line Processes - Answer - A type of process used to produce a large volume of
a standardized product.
■
Limited customization and high volume
, lOMoARcPSD|6353920
Batch Processes - Answer - A type of process used to produce a small number
of products in groups or batches based on customer orders or specifications.
■ High customization moderate volume
Project Processes - Answer - A type of process used to make a one-at-a-time
product exactly to customer specifications.
■ Most custom and lowest volume
Continuous Processes - Answer - A type of process that operates continually
to produce a high volume of a fully standardized product.
- No customization and as high a volume as possible
Bottleneck - Answer - Longest task in the process.
Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) - Answer - A type of automated system
that combines the flexibility of intermittent operations with the efficiency of
continuous operations.
Output/Input Control - Answer - A technique for monitoring the flow of jobs
between work centers.
Value-Added - Answer - The net increase created during the transformation
of inputs into final outputs.
Hybrid Layouts - Answer - Layouts that combine characteristics of process and
product layouts.
- Group technology layouts.
- Cell technology layouts.
- Grocery stores use hybrid layouts
Relationship Chart (REL) - Answer - Table that reflects opinions of
managers with regard to the importance of having any two departments
close together.
Rectilinear Distance - Answer - The shortest distance between two
locations using north-south and east-west movements.
From-To Matrix - Answer - Table that gives the number of trips or units of
product moved between any pair of departments.
Block Plan - Answer - Schematic showing the placement of resources in a
facility.
, lOMoARcPSD|6353920
Mean Observed Times - Answer - The average of the observation times for
each of the work elements.
Normal Time - Answer - The mean observed time multiplied by the
performance rating factor by the frequency of occurrence.
Standard Time - Answer - The length of time it should take a qualified
worker using appropriate process and tools to complete a specific job,
allowing time for personal fatigue and unavoidable delays.
Just-in-Time (JIT) - Answer - A philosophy designed to achieve high-volume
production through elimination of waste and continuous improvement.
Based on a "pull" system rather than a "push" system. The three elements
are just-in-time manufacturing, total quality management, and respect for
people.
Kanban card - Answer - A card that specifies the exact quantity of product
that needs to be produced.
Tier One Suppliers - Answer - Supplies materials or services directly to the
processing facility.
These are the suppliers that put products in specific containers or packages.
Internal Functions companies
Tier Two Suppliers - Answer - Directly supplies materials or services to a tier-
one supplier in the supply chain.
Suppliers of the specialty materials for the tier one suppliers to be able to
produce the packaging necessary for different products.
Think cardboard, plastic, glass, chemicals.
Tier Three Suppliers - Answer - Directly supplies materials or services to a tier
two supplier in the supply chain.
These are companies that extract raw materials.
Oil, raw chemical materials, wood.
Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) - Answer - Determines the labor and
machine resources needed to fill the open and planned orders generated by
the MRP.
Basically, checking if there is enough work scheduled for operations
