BIO 142 EXAM 5 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
1) In males, the urinary bladder is anterior to the ______ and directly superior to the
______ gland. -- Answer ✔✔ rectum, prostate
2) The maximum plasma concentration of a substance that be carried in the blood
without eventually appearing in the urine is called the: -- Answer ✔✔ renal threshold
3) The segmental arteries that branch to form the ____ arteries that travel through the
renal columns
a. glomerular
b. arcuate
c. interlobar
d. renal -- Answer ✔✔ interlobar
4) Some substances that were not initially filtered in the glomerulus, but must be
eliminated from the blood, become a component of urine through: -- Answer ✔✔
tubular secretion
5) As the net filtration pressure decreases, the GFR (increases/decreases) -- Answer
✔✔ decreases
,6) Aldosterone stimulates the protein synthesis of (Ca2+/Na+) channels and Na+/K+
pumps -- Answer ✔✔ Na+
7) Most proteins are not freely filtered in the glomerulus because of what two aspects?
-- Answer ✔✔ size, negative charge
8) ______ is the process by which water and some dissolved solutes in the blood
plasma passively move out of the glomerulus and into the capsular space of the renal
corpuscle -- Answer ✔✔ Filtration
9) The sympathetic axons extend to which blood vessels of the kidney?
- Juxtaglomerular apparatus
- Arcuate arteries
- Interlobar arteries
- Afferent arteriole
- Efferent arteriole -- Answer ✔✔ 1. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
2. Afferent arteriole
3. Efferent Arteriole
10) The granular cells of the JGA, synthesize, store and release _____ -- Answer ✔✔
renin
11) The movement of water out of the proximal convoluted tubule follows Na+ by
osmosis and is referred to as: -- Answer ✔✔ obligatory water reabsorption
12) In the ______ reflex, the internal urethral sphincter is stimulated so that urine is
retained within the bladder -- Answer ✔✔ storage
, 13) The proximal convoluted tubule attaches to the renal corpuscle at the _______
pole -- Answer ✔✔ tubular
14) The renal corpuscle has a thick tangle or capillaries called the ______ -- Answer
✔✔ glomerulus
15) Measuring renal plasma clearance of ______ avoids the need to inject insulin into
the patient's blood -- Answer ✔✔ creatinine
16) The ______ urethra is the shortest segment of the male urethra -- Answer ✔✔
membranous
17) The _____ limb of the nephron loop actively pumps salt out of the tubular fluid into
the interstitial fluid -- Answer ✔✔ ascending
18) Which type of nephron has relatively short nephron loops that barely extend into
the medulla? -- Answer ✔✔ cortical
19) In the urinary bladder, there are mucosal folds, called ______ that allow for even
greater distension -- Answer ✔✔ rugae
20) Ureters enter to posterolateral wall of the urinary bladder through the ______
openings -- Answer ✔✔ ureteral
21) If an individual does not urinate at the time of the first micturition reflex, the
detrusor muscle relaxes as a consequence of the "_________ ________
________" of smooth muscle -- Answer ✔✔ stress-relaxation response
SOLUTIONS
1) In males, the urinary bladder is anterior to the ______ and directly superior to the
______ gland. -- Answer ✔✔ rectum, prostate
2) The maximum plasma concentration of a substance that be carried in the blood
without eventually appearing in the urine is called the: -- Answer ✔✔ renal threshold
3) The segmental arteries that branch to form the ____ arteries that travel through the
renal columns
a. glomerular
b. arcuate
c. interlobar
d. renal -- Answer ✔✔ interlobar
4) Some substances that were not initially filtered in the glomerulus, but must be
eliminated from the blood, become a component of urine through: -- Answer ✔✔
tubular secretion
5) As the net filtration pressure decreases, the GFR (increases/decreases) -- Answer
✔✔ decreases
,6) Aldosterone stimulates the protein synthesis of (Ca2+/Na+) channels and Na+/K+
pumps -- Answer ✔✔ Na+
7) Most proteins are not freely filtered in the glomerulus because of what two aspects?
-- Answer ✔✔ size, negative charge
8) ______ is the process by which water and some dissolved solutes in the blood
plasma passively move out of the glomerulus and into the capsular space of the renal
corpuscle -- Answer ✔✔ Filtration
9) The sympathetic axons extend to which blood vessels of the kidney?
- Juxtaglomerular apparatus
- Arcuate arteries
- Interlobar arteries
- Afferent arteriole
- Efferent arteriole -- Answer ✔✔ 1. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
2. Afferent arteriole
3. Efferent Arteriole
10) The granular cells of the JGA, synthesize, store and release _____ -- Answer ✔✔
renin
11) The movement of water out of the proximal convoluted tubule follows Na+ by
osmosis and is referred to as: -- Answer ✔✔ obligatory water reabsorption
12) In the ______ reflex, the internal urethral sphincter is stimulated so that urine is
retained within the bladder -- Answer ✔✔ storage
, 13) The proximal convoluted tubule attaches to the renal corpuscle at the _______
pole -- Answer ✔✔ tubular
14) The renal corpuscle has a thick tangle or capillaries called the ______ -- Answer
✔✔ glomerulus
15) Measuring renal plasma clearance of ______ avoids the need to inject insulin into
the patient's blood -- Answer ✔✔ creatinine
16) The ______ urethra is the shortest segment of the male urethra -- Answer ✔✔
membranous
17) The _____ limb of the nephron loop actively pumps salt out of the tubular fluid into
the interstitial fluid -- Answer ✔✔ ascending
18) Which type of nephron has relatively short nephron loops that barely extend into
the medulla? -- Answer ✔✔ cortical
19) In the urinary bladder, there are mucosal folds, called ______ that allow for even
greater distension -- Answer ✔✔ rugae
20) Ureters enter to posterolateral wall of the urinary bladder through the ______
openings -- Answer ✔✔ ureteral
21) If an individual does not urinate at the time of the first micturition reflex, the
detrusor muscle relaxes as a consequence of the "_________ ________
________" of smooth muscle -- Answer ✔✔ stress-relaxation response
