NUR 2016: CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, DIALYSIS, & RENAL
TRANSPLANT: TEST QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
1) What is skeletal buffering? -- Answer ✔✔ The process in which bones release or
absorb minerals to help regulate blood pH in response to acidity or alkalinity
2) When the kidneys cannot perform their function of activation of vitamin D, what
electrolyte imbalance occurs? -- Answer ✔✔ Hypocalcemia
3) When the kidneys cannot perform their function of phosphate elimination, what
happens? -- Answer ✔✔ Hyperphosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism
4) What are osteodystrophies? -- Answer ✔✔ Abnormal growth or formation of bone,
can cause bone pain and fractures
5) Why are osteodystrophies common with chronic kidney disease? -- Answer ✔✔
Due to hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, skeletal buffering (bones lose minerals to
buffer acid-base imbalances because the kidneys can't help buffering)
6) Nursing considerations for chronic kidney failure in the high-acuity patient: --
Answer ✔✔ Dialysis required, hypertension likely, fluid restriction and dietary
restrictions of protein, sodium, potassium, and phosphate, hypoxia associated with
anemia, increased risk of infection, GI disturbances and anorexia common
, 7) What are the dietary considerations for chronic kidney disease? -- Answer ✔✔
Restrict proteins, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and fluids. Supplement with amino
acids
8) What is dialysis? -- Answer ✔✔ Movement of fluid and molecules across a
semipermeable membrane. Urea, Creatinine, uric acid, phos, and potassium move
from blood to dialysate. WBC and RBC are too large to move through the
membrane so they stay put.
9) ____ is added to dialysate to create higher osmotic gradient to pull fluid out of
blood. -- Answer ✔✔ Glucose
10) In dialysis, solutes and water move across the membrane from dialysate to blood or
from blood to dialysate by: -- Answer ✔✔ Osmosis, diffusion, ultrafiltration
11) What is osmosis? -- Answer ✔✔ diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane
12) What is diffusion? -- Answer ✔✔ Movement of molecules from high to low
concentration
13) What is ultrafiltration? -- Answer ✔✔ Separation of particles based on size under
pressure
14) What are the two types of dialysis? -- Answer ✔✔ peritoneal and hemodialysis
TRANSPLANT: TEST QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
1) What is skeletal buffering? -- Answer ✔✔ The process in which bones release or
absorb minerals to help regulate blood pH in response to acidity or alkalinity
2) When the kidneys cannot perform their function of activation of vitamin D, what
electrolyte imbalance occurs? -- Answer ✔✔ Hypocalcemia
3) When the kidneys cannot perform their function of phosphate elimination, what
happens? -- Answer ✔✔ Hyperphosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism
4) What are osteodystrophies? -- Answer ✔✔ Abnormal growth or formation of bone,
can cause bone pain and fractures
5) Why are osteodystrophies common with chronic kidney disease? -- Answer ✔✔
Due to hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, skeletal buffering (bones lose minerals to
buffer acid-base imbalances because the kidneys can't help buffering)
6) Nursing considerations for chronic kidney failure in the high-acuity patient: --
Answer ✔✔ Dialysis required, hypertension likely, fluid restriction and dietary
restrictions of protein, sodium, potassium, and phosphate, hypoxia associated with
anemia, increased risk of infection, GI disturbances and anorexia common
, 7) What are the dietary considerations for chronic kidney disease? -- Answer ✔✔
Restrict proteins, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and fluids. Supplement with amino
acids
8) What is dialysis? -- Answer ✔✔ Movement of fluid and molecules across a
semipermeable membrane. Urea, Creatinine, uric acid, phos, and potassium move
from blood to dialysate. WBC and RBC are too large to move through the
membrane so they stay put.
9) ____ is added to dialysate to create higher osmotic gradient to pull fluid out of
blood. -- Answer ✔✔ Glucose
10) In dialysis, solutes and water move across the membrane from dialysate to blood or
from blood to dialysate by: -- Answer ✔✔ Osmosis, diffusion, ultrafiltration
11) What is osmosis? -- Answer ✔✔ diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane
12) What is diffusion? -- Answer ✔✔ Movement of molecules from high to low
concentration
13) What is ultrafiltration? -- Answer ✔✔ Separation of particles based on size under
pressure
14) What are the two types of dialysis? -- Answer ✔✔ peritoneal and hemodialysis
