Morphology and structural of bacteria
a
Size of Bacteria
• Unit of measurement in bacteriology is the micron ( micrometer , µm). WH IIdwE
• Bacteria of medical importance :
– 0.2 – 1.5 µm in diameter .
aider.IE
To
– 3 – 5 µm in length .
H
Issa
Shape of Bacteria
t t t t t t t
Cocci Bacilli Vibrios Spirilla Spirochetes Actinomycetes Mycoplasmas
jespherical/
i
o o
oval ga
rod shaped da shaped rigid Ispiral forms flexible spiral forms
comma id
branching i p.I
lack cell wall
shaped major groups c og
filamentous
es Bea bacteria
U wi ab th
• Chain = Streptoccusooooot• Chain = Streptobacillus
• e go.ws
Cluster = Staphylococcus • Coccobacillus
• Vibrio = curved
ooo
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• Spirochete
ionising
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• Square
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Anatomy of a Bacterial Cell ng
b I
•
egoism IS
Outer layer – two components: • Cytoplasm – cytoplasmic inclusions,
main
1. Rigid cell wall I
ribosomes i
, mesosomes and nucleus
so
ex (Cell/ Plasma) membrane
2. Cytoplasm
a wall
a cell
– present beneath
448 v
• AdditionalHe'm
structures – plasmid , slime layer,
capsule , 44
flagella , fimbriaeion em .
(pili) , spores
, Id.dk
Bacterial
i
Structures
it
em
Flagella if
Pili Capsule
ft
bid.se
ya Plasma Membrane Cytoplasm
Teichoic Acids
ft
Inclusions Spores
Ia
Cell Wall saxigwions
Lipopolysaccharides
Irina
CELL WALL
• Outermostm
6 sE
layer , encloses cytoplasm a
1. Confers shape and am
rigidity . odd
g .
2. 10 - 25 nm thick
3. Composed w
of complex SHOW (peptidoglycan/mucopeptide) - formed by N acetyl glucosamine (NAG) & N
om polysaccharides
acetyl muramic acid (NAM) alternating in chains , held by peptide chains .
O
a.m
of twop.m cow .
4. Carries bacterial antigens – important in virulence & immunity
a
qw.im
5. Chemical Imi
nature of the x helps
cell wall
as & Gram negative
seato divide bacteria into two broad groups – Gram positive .
A I
6. Gram +ve bacteria haveIIsimpler chemical nature than Gram –ve bacteria . C
Boing
7. Several antibiotics may interfere with cell wall synthesis e.g. Penicillin , Cephalosporins .
im
Activecell structure
simple
as
is
isw poor atoms
complexstructure
mass zoo
am
asee so
Ew aya ow
mm sa II
mia
n
afjY sIg sI.w
IIfli.d
II 9give HNAG NAM
o
ddwq uewNAGLNAME.is's
m
Eo
III i'm.im
a
Size of Bacteria
• Unit of measurement in bacteriology is the micron ( micrometer , µm). WH IIdwE
• Bacteria of medical importance :
– 0.2 – 1.5 µm in diameter .
aider.IE
To
– 3 – 5 µm in length .
H
Issa
Shape of Bacteria
t t t t t t t
Cocci Bacilli Vibrios Spirilla Spirochetes Actinomycetes Mycoplasmas
jespherical/
i
o o
oval ga
rod shaped da shaped rigid Ispiral forms flexible spiral forms
comma id
branching i p.I
lack cell wall
shaped major groups c og
filamentous
es Bea bacteria
U wi ab th
• Chain = Streptoccusooooot• Chain = Streptobacillus
• e go.ws
Cluster = Staphylococcus • Coccobacillus
• Vibrio = curved
ooo
wife 088 • Spirillum
• Spirochete
ionising
00
• Square
abuse • Star
is Been a
one
www.i
a women
O
O
a.m 00000
00 gmake
w t
rigid a
wow shorts
ex IfoIwj
www.f t
hexibie a
Anatomy of a Bacterial Cell ng
b I
•
egoism IS
Outer layer – two components: • Cytoplasm – cytoplasmic inclusions,
main
1. Rigid cell wall I
ribosomes i
, mesosomes and nucleus
so
ex (Cell/ Plasma) membrane
2. Cytoplasm
a wall
a cell
– present beneath
448 v
• AdditionalHe'm
structures – plasmid , slime layer,
capsule , 44
flagella , fimbriaeion em .
(pili) , spores
, Id.dk
Bacterial
i
Structures
it
em
Flagella if
Pili Capsule
ft
bid.se
ya Plasma Membrane Cytoplasm
Teichoic Acids
ft
Inclusions Spores
Ia
Cell Wall saxigwions
Lipopolysaccharides
Irina
CELL WALL
• Outermostm
6 sE
layer , encloses cytoplasm a
1. Confers shape and am
rigidity . odd
g .
2. 10 - 25 nm thick
3. Composed w
of complex SHOW (peptidoglycan/mucopeptide) - formed by N acetyl glucosamine (NAG) & N
om polysaccharides
acetyl muramic acid (NAM) alternating in chains , held by peptide chains .
O
a.m
of twop.m cow .
4. Carries bacterial antigens – important in virulence & immunity
a
qw.im
5. Chemical Imi
nature of the x helps
cell wall
as & Gram negative
seato divide bacteria into two broad groups – Gram positive .
A I
6. Gram +ve bacteria haveIIsimpler chemical nature than Gram –ve bacteria . C
Boing
7. Several antibiotics may interfere with cell wall synthesis e.g. Penicillin , Cephalosporins .
im
Activecell structure
simple
as
is
isw poor atoms
complexstructure
mass zoo
am
asee so
Ew aya ow
mm sa II
mia
n
afjY sIg sI.w
IIfli.d
II 9give HNAG NAM
o
ddwq uewNAGLNAME.is's
m
Eo
III i'm.im
