Inspecting external ocular structures
General Eyebrows
Eyelids and lashes
Note if
Note if facial movement is 1-Note if any redness,
expression is symmetrical swelling, discharge or
relax or tense lesions.
2-Note if eyelid closes
completely and if drooping
(Ptosis)
n Pallor of lower lid is
good indicator of anemia
A bnormalities in Eyelids:
Entropion:
_Ectropion :
1-Lower lid rolls out, causing an 1-The lower lid rolls in.
increase in tearing. 2-Foreign body sensation.
2-The eyes feel dry and itchy due to
inappropriate closures. Periorbital edema:
3-Increase risk for inflammation. May occur with local
4-Occurs mostly in elderly due to infection, trauma or
atrophy of elastic tissue. systemic condition (renal,
cardiac disease)
Ptosis:
Occurs with
neuromuscular weakness
(myasthenia gravis) or Cranial
Nerve III damage
Lesions on the Eyelids
Blepharitis Chalazion Hordeolum (Stye
1-In ammation of eyelid 1-A cyst in or an infection o 1-Localized Staph infection o
2-dermatiti Meibomian gland hair follicle at lid margin
3- Burning, itching ,tearing, 2-Nontender, rm, overlyin 2- Painful, red, swollen,
foreign body sensation, pai skin, freely movabl purulent
fl )
s
f
f
s
fi g
e
n
, Inspect for bulges
or pressure near
canaliculi
Inspecting the
Lacrimal
Inflammation of the
Apparatus
lacrimal sac and/or
Dacryocystitis nasolacrimal duct
Infection of lacrimal
Dacryoadenitis gland
1- “Pink eye”
Conjunctivitis 2- Due to bacterial, viral, allergic, or
chemical irritation.
3- Redness throughout the
V ascular conjunctiva, but
Disorders usually clear around the irisع
of Eye 4-Purulent discharge usually
common.
5-Symptoms: itching, burning,
foreign body sensation.
1-Red halo around the iris and cornea
2-Pupils may be irregular due to swelling
3-Symptoms: photophobia, blurred vision,
Iritis throbbing pain
Cataract
Disorders
of Eye
Lens
Pterygium : lesion
caused by UVR
exposure
General Eyebrows
Eyelids and lashes
Note if
Note if facial movement is 1-Note if any redness,
expression is symmetrical swelling, discharge or
relax or tense lesions.
2-Note if eyelid closes
completely and if drooping
(Ptosis)
n Pallor of lower lid is
good indicator of anemia
A bnormalities in Eyelids:
Entropion:
_Ectropion :
1-Lower lid rolls out, causing an 1-The lower lid rolls in.
increase in tearing. 2-Foreign body sensation.
2-The eyes feel dry and itchy due to
inappropriate closures. Periorbital edema:
3-Increase risk for inflammation. May occur with local
4-Occurs mostly in elderly due to infection, trauma or
atrophy of elastic tissue. systemic condition (renal,
cardiac disease)
Ptosis:
Occurs with
neuromuscular weakness
(myasthenia gravis) or Cranial
Nerve III damage
Lesions on the Eyelids
Blepharitis Chalazion Hordeolum (Stye
1-In ammation of eyelid 1-A cyst in or an infection o 1-Localized Staph infection o
2-dermatiti Meibomian gland hair follicle at lid margin
3- Burning, itching ,tearing, 2-Nontender, rm, overlyin 2- Painful, red, swollen,
foreign body sensation, pai skin, freely movabl purulent
fl )
s
f
f
s
fi g
e
n
, Inspect for bulges
or pressure near
canaliculi
Inspecting the
Lacrimal
Inflammation of the
Apparatus
lacrimal sac and/or
Dacryocystitis nasolacrimal duct
Infection of lacrimal
Dacryoadenitis gland
1- “Pink eye”
Conjunctivitis 2- Due to bacterial, viral, allergic, or
chemical irritation.
3- Redness throughout the
V ascular conjunctiva, but
Disorders usually clear around the irisع
of Eye 4-Purulent discharge usually
common.
5-Symptoms: itching, burning,
foreign body sensation.
1-Red halo around the iris and cornea
2-Pupils may be irregular due to swelling
3-Symptoms: photophobia, blurred vision,
Iritis throbbing pain
Cataract
Disorders
of Eye
Lens
Pterygium : lesion
caused by UVR
exposure
