1|Page
KIN 2236 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+ ||LATEST EXAM!!!||
the achilles tendon - Answer-the tendons of the
gastrocnemius and soleus fuse to become one tendon,
about 5 to 6 cm proximal to the calcaneal insertion, usually
50/50 form gastroc and soleus
-the thickest and strongest tendon in the body
-this tendon has no synovial sheath but is surrounded by
paratendon, which wraps around it and receives blood
flow
-so it is a vascular tendon bc it is surrounded by paratenon
where is the retrocalcaneal bursa - Answer-this is proximal
to the achilles tendon insertion to the calcaneus, between
the tendon and the calcaneus
-this can be pinched
what could the cause of posterior heel pain - Answer--
could be achilles tendonitis, achilles bursitis, or
retrocalcaneal bursitis
,2|Page
-we need to look exactly where the pain is
-true tendon pain is only directly on the tendon, not around
it
Retrocalcaneal Bursitis - Answer-this is a fluid filled sac
that stops the achilles tendon from rubbing across bone
-this bursa is between the anterior inferior side of the
achilles tendon and the posteriorsuperior aspect of the
calcaneus
-this is sometimes seen w insertional tendinopathy, so an
issue w the tendon causes bursa to get irritated
- structural irritants too so tight or pokey
-pain will be just above the insertion of achilles, but not
directly on tendon
-pain with squeeze from side and behind tendon
achilles bursitis (superficial calcaneal bursitis) - Answer--
aka the subcutaneous bursa
-the bursa is located between the calcaneal prominence or
achilles tendon and the skin, so at bottom of achilles
-pain w posterior aspect of heel w solid swelling, so pain
below achilles
,3|Page
-this is often due to excessive friction or by wearing shoes
that are too tight or too large
-there will be swelling, but wont be soft
management of an "itis" in posterior heel - Answer--this is
when there is inflammation
-do POLICE/PEACE and LOVE
-address training and equipement issue
-we want to calm down swelling
-Heel lift takes pressure off achilles
-pad around pain w a donut so there is no pressure
directly on bursda
-stretch achilles by stretching gastroc and soleus
what is tendinotis or paratendinitis in ankle - Answer--
tendinitis is inflammation of tendon, this is pretty rare, from
gastroc, soleus or other muscle in ankle
-paratendonitis is inflammation, pain, and crepitattion of
the paratendon as it slides over the structure (creeking
noise and feel)
-this is a acute irritation, so too much too soon (increase
FITT, not enough rest)
, 4|Page
what are the internal and external factors that contribute to
tendonitis and paratenonitis in ankle - Answer--externla
factors like rub from shoe, running down hill (tibialis
anterior bc has to pronate in plantarflexion so added
stress) ,rubbing form laces in tibilais anterior, ot
hyperdorsiflexion (achilles from running uphill)
-internal factors could be foot malalignment, so improper
rub over bone, cavus or flat/pronating feet
what are signs and symptoms of tendonitis or
paratenonitis in ankle - Answer--there is pain and/or
crepitation of paratenon of acute onset
-red and hot over involved structure
-usually preciptated by movement around ankle movement
that was too much, too soon
-the diagnosis is made on the basis of local swelling
-look at STTT
-there will be pain on palpation only over the direct tendon
what is the usually rehab for ankle paratenonitis - Answer-
inflammatory phase: POLICE/PEACE and LOVE, use heel
lift, pad, support
KIN 2236 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+ ||LATEST EXAM!!!||
the achilles tendon - Answer-the tendons of the
gastrocnemius and soleus fuse to become one tendon,
about 5 to 6 cm proximal to the calcaneal insertion, usually
50/50 form gastroc and soleus
-the thickest and strongest tendon in the body
-this tendon has no synovial sheath but is surrounded by
paratendon, which wraps around it and receives blood
flow
-so it is a vascular tendon bc it is surrounded by paratenon
where is the retrocalcaneal bursa - Answer-this is proximal
to the achilles tendon insertion to the calcaneus, between
the tendon and the calcaneus
-this can be pinched
what could the cause of posterior heel pain - Answer--
could be achilles tendonitis, achilles bursitis, or
retrocalcaneal bursitis
,2|Page
-we need to look exactly where the pain is
-true tendon pain is only directly on the tendon, not around
it
Retrocalcaneal Bursitis - Answer-this is a fluid filled sac
that stops the achilles tendon from rubbing across bone
-this bursa is between the anterior inferior side of the
achilles tendon and the posteriorsuperior aspect of the
calcaneus
-this is sometimes seen w insertional tendinopathy, so an
issue w the tendon causes bursa to get irritated
- structural irritants too so tight or pokey
-pain will be just above the insertion of achilles, but not
directly on tendon
-pain with squeeze from side and behind tendon
achilles bursitis (superficial calcaneal bursitis) - Answer--
aka the subcutaneous bursa
-the bursa is located between the calcaneal prominence or
achilles tendon and the skin, so at bottom of achilles
-pain w posterior aspect of heel w solid swelling, so pain
below achilles
,3|Page
-this is often due to excessive friction or by wearing shoes
that are too tight or too large
-there will be swelling, but wont be soft
management of an "itis" in posterior heel - Answer--this is
when there is inflammation
-do POLICE/PEACE and LOVE
-address training and equipement issue
-we want to calm down swelling
-Heel lift takes pressure off achilles
-pad around pain w a donut so there is no pressure
directly on bursda
-stretch achilles by stretching gastroc and soleus
what is tendinotis or paratendinitis in ankle - Answer--
tendinitis is inflammation of tendon, this is pretty rare, from
gastroc, soleus or other muscle in ankle
-paratendonitis is inflammation, pain, and crepitattion of
the paratendon as it slides over the structure (creeking
noise and feel)
-this is a acute irritation, so too much too soon (increase
FITT, not enough rest)
, 4|Page
what are the internal and external factors that contribute to
tendonitis and paratenonitis in ankle - Answer--externla
factors like rub from shoe, running down hill (tibialis
anterior bc has to pronate in plantarflexion so added
stress) ,rubbing form laces in tibilais anterior, ot
hyperdorsiflexion (achilles from running uphill)
-internal factors could be foot malalignment, so improper
rub over bone, cavus or flat/pronating feet
what are signs and symptoms of tendonitis or
paratenonitis in ankle - Answer--there is pain and/or
crepitation of paratenon of acute onset
-red and hot over involved structure
-usually preciptated by movement around ankle movement
that was too much, too soon
-the diagnosis is made on the basis of local swelling
-look at STTT
-there will be pain on palpation only over the direct tendon
what is the usually rehab for ankle paratenonitis - Answer-
inflammatory phase: POLICE/PEACE and LOVE, use heel
lift, pad, support
