82|LATEST
Chapter3f1.3fPrimary3 f Care3f inthe3f Twenty-First3fCentury:3fA3fCircle3fof3 f Caring
1. A3fnurse3fhas3fconducted3fa3fliterature3freview3fin3fan3feffort3fto3fidentify3fthe3feffect3fof3fhandwashing
3fon3fthe3fincidence3fof3fnosocomial3f(hospital-
acquired)3finfections3fin3facute3fcare3fsettings.3fAn3farticle3fpresented3ffindings3fat3fa3flevel3fof3fsigni
ficance3fof3f<0.01.3fThis3findicates3fthat
A) thecontrol3fgroup3fand the 3fexperimental3fgroupweremore3fthan99%3fsimilar.
pzpz
B) thefindings3fofthe3fstudyhave3flessthan3f1%chance3fofbeing3fattributable3fto3fchance.
C) the effects3fofthe intervention 3fwerenearlyzero.
pzpz pz
D) theclinical3fsignificance3fofthefindings3fwas3flessthan3f1:100.
pz
Ans:3fB
Feedback:3fThelevelofsignificance3fisthelevel atwhich 3ftheresearcher3fbelieves3fthatthestudyresults3fmost3fl
pz pz pz
lyrepresent3fa3fnonchance3fevent.3fA3flevel3fof3fsignificance3fof3f<0.013findicates3fthat3fthere3fis3fless3fthan3f1%3fpr
, ability3fthat 3 f the3fresult3fis3fdue3fto3fchance.
pz
2. Anursehasreadaqualitativeresearchstudyin ordertounderstandthelivedexperienceofparents3fwh
pz pz pz pz
o3fhave3fa3fneonatal3floss.3fWhich 3fof3fthe3ffollowing3fquestions3fshould3fthe3fnurse3fprioritize3fwhen3fa
pz
ppraising3fthe3fresults3fof3fthis3fstudy?
A) Howwell3fdidthe3fauthorscapture3fthepersonalexperiencesofthese3 f parents? pz
B) Howwell3fdidthe3fauthorscontrolfor3fconfoundingvariables3fthatmay3fhave3faffected3fthefindings?
C) Did the 3 f authorsusestatisticalmeasures3 f that were3 f appropriate tothephenomenon3 f in3 f question?
pzpz pzpz pz
D) Weretheinstrumentsthatthe3fresearchers3 f usedstatisticallyvalid 3fand reliable?
pz pz pz pzz
Ans:3fA
Feedback:3fQualitative3fstudies3fare3fjudged3fon3fthe3fbasis3fof3fhow3fwell3fthey3fcapture3fand3fco
nvey3fthe3fsubjective3fexperiences3fof3findividuals.3fStatistical3fmeasures3fand3fvariables3fare3fnot3f
dimensions3fof3fa3fqualitative3fmethodology.
3. Anursehasexpressedskepticismtoacolleagueaboutthevalueofnursingresearch,claimingthat3f
pz pz pz pz
nursing3fresearch3fhas3flittle3frelevance3fto3fpractice.3fHow3fcan3fthe3fnurses3fcolleague3fbest3fdefe
nd3fthe3fimportance3fof3fnursing3fresearch?
,A) Theexistenceofnursingresearchmeansthatnursesarenowabletoaccessfederalgrantmoney,3 f
pz pz pz pz pz pzz pz pzz pz
something3fthat3fdidnt3fuse3fto3fbe3fthe3fcase.
B) Nursingresearchhasallowedthedevelopmentofmastersanddoctoralprogramsandhasgreatly3
pz pz pz pz
fincreased3fthe3fcredibility3fof3fthe3fprofession.
C) Thegrowthofnursingresearchhascausednursingtobeviewedasatrueprofession,ratherthan3fsimply
pz pz pz pz pz
3fas3fa3ftrade3for3fa3fskill.
D) Theapplicationofnursingresearchhasthepotentialtoimprovenursingpracticeandpatient
pz pz pz pz pz
3foutcomes.
Ans:3fD
Feedback:3fThe3fgreatest 3 f value3fof3fnursing3fresearch3flies3fin3fthe3fpotential3fto3fimprove3fpractice3fand,3fulti
pz
tely,toimprovepatientoutcomes.Thissupersedesthecontributionsofnursingresearchto3feducation3fprograms, pz pz pz pz pz
ant3ffunding,3for3fthe3fpublic3fview3fof3fthe3fprofession.
4. Tracyisanursewithabaccalaureate3fdegree3fwho3fworks3fin t he3flabor3fand3fdeliveryunit3fof3fa 3 f bu pzpz pz
sy3furbanhospital.Shehasnoticedthatmanynewmothers3fabandon 3fbreast- pz
feedingtheirbabieswhen3fthey3fexperience3fearly3fchallenges3fand3fwonders3fwhat3fcould3fbe3fdone3
fto3fencourage3fmore3fwomen3fto3fcontinue3fbreast-
feeding.3fWhat3frole3fis3fTracy3fmost 3 f likely3fto3fplay3fin3fa3fresearch3fproject3fthat3ftests3fan3finterve
pz
ntion3faimed3fat3fpromoting3fbreast-feeding?
A) Applyingforgrant3 f funding3ffortheresearch3 f project
B) Posing the 3 f clinical3 f problemtoone3formore nursing 3 f researchers
pzpz pz
C) Planningthemethodology3foftheresearch3 f project
pz
D) Carryingouttheinterventionand3fsubmittingtheresultsforpublication
pzpz pzpz pz pz
Ans:3fB
3f
Feedback:3fA3fmajor3frole3ffor3fstaff3fnurses3fis3fto3fidentify3fquestions3for3fproblems3ffor3fresearch
.3fGrant3fapplications,3fmethodological3fplanning,3fand3fpublication3fsubmission3fare3fnormally3fc
arried3fout3fby3fnurses3fwho3fhave3fadvanced3fdegrees3fin 3 f nursing. pz
5. A3fpatient3fsigned3fthe3finformed3fconsent3fform3ffor3fa3fdrug3ftrial3fthat3fwas3fexplained3fto3fpati
ent 3 f bya3fresearch3fassistant.3fLater,3fthe3fpatient 3fadmitted3fto3fhis3fnurse3fthat 3 f he3fdid 3 f not3funder
pz pz pz pz
stand3fthe3fresearch3fassistantsexplanation3forhis3fown3frolein3fthe3fstudy.3fHowshould3fthis3fpatie
pz
nts3fnurse3frespond3fto3fthis3frevelation?
A) Explainthe researchprocessto3fthepatient 3fingreater3 f detail.
pz pz pz
B) Describethedetails3fofa3frandomized 3 f controlledtrial3fforthe3fpatient. pz pz
, C) Informthe3fresearch3 f assistant that3fthe patients consent 3 f islikelyinvalid. pz pzpz pz
D) Explaintothe3 f patientthat3fhiswritten3fconsent is3fnowlegallybinding.
pz pzpz pzpz
Ans:3fC
Feedback:3fJust3fas3fthe3fstaff3fnurse3fis3fnot3fresponsible3ffor3fmedical3fconsent,3fthe3fstaff3fnurse3fis3fnot3fr
esponsible3ffor3fresearch 3fconsent.3fIf3fpatients3fwho3fhave3fagreed3fto3fparticipate3fexhibit3fambivalence3f
pz
or3funcertaintyabout3fparticipating,3fdo3fnot3ftryto3fconvince3fthem3fto3fparticipate.3fAsk3fthe3fperson3ffro
m3fthe3fresearchteamwhoismanagingconsentstospeakwithconcernedpatientsaboutthestudy,evenafte
pzpz pz pz pz pz pz pzpz pz
r3fa3fpatient3fhas3fsigned3fthe3fconsent 3 f forms. pz
MultipleSelection
6. A3fnurse3fleader3fis3fattempting3fto3fincrease3fthe3fawareness3fof3fevidence-
based3fpractice3f(EBP)3famong3fthenursesonaunit.AnursewhoisimplementingEBPintegrateswhich pzpz pzpz pz pzpz pzpz
ofthefollowing?(Selectall3fthat3fapply.)
pzpz pzz
A) Interdisciplinary3 f consensus
B) Nursingtradition pzpz
C) Researchstudies pz
D) Patientpreferencesandvalues
pz pz
E) Clinicalexpertise
Ans:3fC,3fD,3fE
3f
Feedback:3fFineout-Overholt,3fMelnyk,3fStillwell,3fand3fWilliamson3fdefine3fEBP3fas3fa3fproblem-
solving3fapproachtothedeliveryofhealthcarethatintegratesthebestevidencefromstudiesandpatientca
re3fdata3fwith3fclinician3fexpertise3fand 3 f patient3fpreferences3fand3fvalues. pz
MultipleChoice
7. Mrs.3fMayes3fis3fa3f73-year-
old3fwoman 3 f who3fhas3fa3fdiabetic3ffoot3fulcer3fthat 3 f has3fbeen 3 f extremelyslow3fto3fheal3fand3fwhich 3 f n
pz pz pz pz
ow3fposes3fa3fthreat3fof3fosteomyelitis.3fThe3fwound3fcare3fnurse3fwho3fhas3fbeen3fworking3fwith3fMrs.May
esappliesevidence-
based 3fpractice(EBP)wheneverpossibleandhasproposedtheuse3fof3fmaggot3ftherapy3fto3fdebride3fnecr
pz pzp pzpz
otic3ftissue.3fMrs.3fMayes,3fhowever,3ffinds3fthe3fsuggestion3frepugnant3fand3fadamantlyopposes3fthis3ft
reatment3fdespite thesizable3fbodyofevidencesupportingit.3fHowshould3fthe3fnurse3freconcile3fMrs.3fM
pz pzpz pzpz pz
ayes3fviews3fwith3fthe3fprinciples3fof3fEBP?
A) Thenurseshould3fexplainthatreliable3fandvalid 3 f research3 f evidenceoverrides3fthe3fpatients3fopinion.
pz pz pz pz
B) Thenurse3 f should3fexplain the 3fevidencetothe3fpatient3 f ingreater3 f detail. pzpz
Chapter3f1.3fPrimary3 f Care3f inthe3f Twenty-First3fCentury:3fA3fCircle3fof3 f Caring
1. A3fnurse3fhas3fconducted3fa3fliterature3freview3fin3fan3feffort3fto3fidentify3fthe3feffect3fof3fhandwashing
3fon3fthe3fincidence3fof3fnosocomial3f(hospital-
acquired)3finfections3fin3facute3fcare3fsettings.3fAn3farticle3fpresented3ffindings3fat3fa3flevel3fof3fsigni
ficance3fof3f<0.01.3fThis3findicates3fthat
A) thecontrol3fgroup3fand the 3fexperimental3fgroupweremore3fthan99%3fsimilar.
pzpz
B) thefindings3fofthe3fstudyhave3flessthan3f1%chance3fofbeing3fattributable3fto3fchance.
C) the effects3fofthe intervention 3fwerenearlyzero.
pzpz pz
D) theclinical3fsignificance3fofthefindings3fwas3flessthan3f1:100.
pz
Ans:3fB
Feedback:3fThelevelofsignificance3fisthelevel atwhich 3ftheresearcher3fbelieves3fthatthestudyresults3fmost3fl
pz pz pz
lyrepresent3fa3fnonchance3fevent.3fA3flevel3fof3fsignificance3fof3f<0.013findicates3fthat3fthere3fis3fless3fthan3f1%3fpr
, ability3fthat 3 f the3fresult3fis3fdue3fto3fchance.
pz
2. Anursehasreadaqualitativeresearchstudyin ordertounderstandthelivedexperienceofparents3fwh
pz pz pz pz
o3fhave3fa3fneonatal3floss.3fWhich 3fof3fthe3ffollowing3fquestions3fshould3fthe3fnurse3fprioritize3fwhen3fa
pz
ppraising3fthe3fresults3fof3fthis3fstudy?
A) Howwell3fdidthe3fauthorscapture3fthepersonalexperiencesofthese3 f parents? pz
B) Howwell3fdidthe3fauthorscontrolfor3fconfoundingvariables3fthatmay3fhave3faffected3fthefindings?
C) Did the 3 f authorsusestatisticalmeasures3 f that were3 f appropriate tothephenomenon3 f in3 f question?
pzpz pzpz pz
D) Weretheinstrumentsthatthe3fresearchers3 f usedstatisticallyvalid 3fand reliable?
pz pz pz pzz
Ans:3fA
Feedback:3fQualitative3fstudies3fare3fjudged3fon3fthe3fbasis3fof3fhow3fwell3fthey3fcapture3fand3fco
nvey3fthe3fsubjective3fexperiences3fof3findividuals.3fStatistical3fmeasures3fand3fvariables3fare3fnot3f
dimensions3fof3fa3fqualitative3fmethodology.
3. Anursehasexpressedskepticismtoacolleagueaboutthevalueofnursingresearch,claimingthat3f
pz pz pz pz
nursing3fresearch3fhas3flittle3frelevance3fto3fpractice.3fHow3fcan3fthe3fnurses3fcolleague3fbest3fdefe
nd3fthe3fimportance3fof3fnursing3fresearch?
,A) Theexistenceofnursingresearchmeansthatnursesarenowabletoaccessfederalgrantmoney,3 f
pz pz pz pz pz pzz pz pzz pz
something3fthat3fdidnt3fuse3fto3fbe3fthe3fcase.
B) Nursingresearchhasallowedthedevelopmentofmastersanddoctoralprogramsandhasgreatly3
pz pz pz pz
fincreased3fthe3fcredibility3fof3fthe3fprofession.
C) Thegrowthofnursingresearchhascausednursingtobeviewedasatrueprofession,ratherthan3fsimply
pz pz pz pz pz
3fas3fa3ftrade3for3fa3fskill.
D) Theapplicationofnursingresearchhasthepotentialtoimprovenursingpracticeandpatient
pz pz pz pz pz
3foutcomes.
Ans:3fD
Feedback:3fThe3fgreatest 3 f value3fof3fnursing3fresearch3flies3fin3fthe3fpotential3fto3fimprove3fpractice3fand,3fulti
pz
tely,toimprovepatientoutcomes.Thissupersedesthecontributionsofnursingresearchto3feducation3fprograms, pz pz pz pz pz
ant3ffunding,3for3fthe3fpublic3fview3fof3fthe3fprofession.
4. Tracyisanursewithabaccalaureate3fdegree3fwho3fworks3fin t he3flabor3fand3fdeliveryunit3fof3fa 3 f bu pzpz pz
sy3furbanhospital.Shehasnoticedthatmanynewmothers3fabandon 3fbreast- pz
feedingtheirbabieswhen3fthey3fexperience3fearly3fchallenges3fand3fwonders3fwhat3fcould3fbe3fdone3
fto3fencourage3fmore3fwomen3fto3fcontinue3fbreast-
feeding.3fWhat3frole3fis3fTracy3fmost 3 f likely3fto3fplay3fin3fa3fresearch3fproject3fthat3ftests3fan3finterve
pz
ntion3faimed3fat3fpromoting3fbreast-feeding?
A) Applyingforgrant3 f funding3ffortheresearch3 f project
B) Posing the 3 f clinical3 f problemtoone3formore nursing 3 f researchers
pzpz pz
C) Planningthemethodology3foftheresearch3 f project
pz
D) Carryingouttheinterventionand3fsubmittingtheresultsforpublication
pzpz pzpz pz pz
Ans:3fB
3f
Feedback:3fA3fmajor3frole3ffor3fstaff3fnurses3fis3fto3fidentify3fquestions3for3fproblems3ffor3fresearch
.3fGrant3fapplications,3fmethodological3fplanning,3fand3fpublication3fsubmission3fare3fnormally3fc
arried3fout3fby3fnurses3fwho3fhave3fadvanced3fdegrees3fin 3 f nursing. pz
5. A3fpatient3fsigned3fthe3finformed3fconsent3fform3ffor3fa3fdrug3ftrial3fthat3fwas3fexplained3fto3fpati
ent 3 f bya3fresearch3fassistant.3fLater,3fthe3fpatient 3fadmitted3fto3fhis3fnurse3fthat 3 f he3fdid 3 f not3funder
pz pz pz pz
stand3fthe3fresearch3fassistantsexplanation3forhis3fown3frolein3fthe3fstudy.3fHowshould3fthis3fpatie
pz
nts3fnurse3frespond3fto3fthis3frevelation?
A) Explainthe researchprocessto3fthepatient 3fingreater3 f detail.
pz pz pz
B) Describethedetails3fofa3frandomized 3 f controlledtrial3fforthe3fpatient. pz pz
, C) Informthe3fresearch3 f assistant that3fthe patients consent 3 f islikelyinvalid. pz pzpz pz
D) Explaintothe3 f patientthat3fhiswritten3fconsent is3fnowlegallybinding.
pz pzpz pzpz
Ans:3fC
Feedback:3fJust3fas3fthe3fstaff3fnurse3fis3fnot3fresponsible3ffor3fmedical3fconsent,3fthe3fstaff3fnurse3fis3fnot3fr
esponsible3ffor3fresearch 3fconsent.3fIf3fpatients3fwho3fhave3fagreed3fto3fparticipate3fexhibit3fambivalence3f
pz
or3funcertaintyabout3fparticipating,3fdo3fnot3ftryto3fconvince3fthem3fto3fparticipate.3fAsk3fthe3fperson3ffro
m3fthe3fresearchteamwhoismanagingconsentstospeakwithconcernedpatientsaboutthestudy,evenafte
pzpz pz pz pz pz pz pzpz pz
r3fa3fpatient3fhas3fsigned3fthe3fconsent 3 f forms. pz
MultipleSelection
6. A3fnurse3fleader3fis3fattempting3fto3fincrease3fthe3fawareness3fof3fevidence-
based3fpractice3f(EBP)3famong3fthenursesonaunit.AnursewhoisimplementingEBPintegrateswhich pzpz pzpz pz pzpz pzpz
ofthefollowing?(Selectall3fthat3fapply.)
pzpz pzz
A) Interdisciplinary3 f consensus
B) Nursingtradition pzpz
C) Researchstudies pz
D) Patientpreferencesandvalues
pz pz
E) Clinicalexpertise
Ans:3fC,3fD,3fE
3f
Feedback:3fFineout-Overholt,3fMelnyk,3fStillwell,3fand3fWilliamson3fdefine3fEBP3fas3fa3fproblem-
solving3fapproachtothedeliveryofhealthcarethatintegratesthebestevidencefromstudiesandpatientca
re3fdata3fwith3fclinician3fexpertise3fand 3 f patient3fpreferences3fand3fvalues. pz
MultipleChoice
7. Mrs.3fMayes3fis3fa3f73-year-
old3fwoman 3 f who3fhas3fa3fdiabetic3ffoot3fulcer3fthat 3 f has3fbeen 3 f extremelyslow3fto3fheal3fand3fwhich 3 f n
pz pz pz pz
ow3fposes3fa3fthreat3fof3fosteomyelitis.3fThe3fwound3fcare3fnurse3fwho3fhas3fbeen3fworking3fwith3fMrs.May
esappliesevidence-
based 3fpractice(EBP)wheneverpossibleandhasproposedtheuse3fof3fmaggot3ftherapy3fto3fdebride3fnecr
pz pzp pzpz
otic3ftissue.3fMrs.3fMayes,3fhowever,3ffinds3fthe3fsuggestion3frepugnant3fand3fadamantlyopposes3fthis3ft
reatment3fdespite thesizable3fbodyofevidencesupportingit.3fHowshould3fthe3fnurse3freconcile3fMrs.3fM
pz pzpz pzpz pz
ayes3fviews3fwith3fthe3fprinciples3fof3fEBP?
A) Thenurseshould3fexplainthatreliable3fandvalid 3 f research3 f evidenceoverrides3fthe3fpatients3fopinion.
pz pz pz pz
B) Thenurse3 f should3fexplain the 3fevidencetothe3fpatient3 f ingreater3 f detail. pzpz
