1. Syllable and Stress
Syllable:
A syllable is a single unit of sound in a word, consisting of a vowel
(or a vowel sound) with or without surrounding consonants.
Words can have one or more syllables (e.g., cat - one syllable, table -
two syllables, wonderful - three syllables).
Role of Stress:
Stress is the emphasis placed on a syllable within a word or
sentence.
Stress determines the rhythm and clarity of spoken language and
can change the meaning of words (e.g., record as a noun vs. record
as a verb).
Types of Stress:
1. Primary Stress: The strongest emphasis in a word.
Marked with a (ˈ) symbol before the stressed syllable (e.g., com
ˈputer).
,2. Secondary Stress: A weaker emphasis than the primary stress.
Marked with a (ˌ) symbol (e.g., ˌrecoˈmmendation).
Marking Primary Stress on Commonly Used Words:
1. About - /əˈbaʊt/
2. Computer - /kəmˈpjuːtə(r)/
3. Beautiful - /ˈbjuːtɪfəl/
4. Important - /ɪmˈpɔːtənt/
5. Photography - /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/
, ---
2. Transcription of Multisyllabic Words
Phonetic transcription involves representing the pronunciation of
words using symbols from the IPA (International Phonetic
Alphabet).
Examples:
1. Education - /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃən/
2. Development - /dɪˈveləpmənt/
3. Organization - /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/
4. Communication - /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/
5. Environment - /ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt/
Syllable:
A syllable is a single unit of sound in a word, consisting of a vowel
(or a vowel sound) with or without surrounding consonants.
Words can have one or more syllables (e.g., cat - one syllable, table -
two syllables, wonderful - three syllables).
Role of Stress:
Stress is the emphasis placed on a syllable within a word or
sentence.
Stress determines the rhythm and clarity of spoken language and
can change the meaning of words (e.g., record as a noun vs. record
as a verb).
Types of Stress:
1. Primary Stress: The strongest emphasis in a word.
Marked with a (ˈ) symbol before the stressed syllable (e.g., com
ˈputer).
,2. Secondary Stress: A weaker emphasis than the primary stress.
Marked with a (ˌ) symbol (e.g., ˌrecoˈmmendation).
Marking Primary Stress on Commonly Used Words:
1. About - /əˈbaʊt/
2. Computer - /kəmˈpjuːtə(r)/
3. Beautiful - /ˈbjuːtɪfəl/
4. Important - /ɪmˈpɔːtənt/
5. Photography - /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/
, ---
2. Transcription of Multisyllabic Words
Phonetic transcription involves representing the pronunciation of
words using symbols from the IPA (International Phonetic
Alphabet).
Examples:
1. Education - /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃən/
2. Development - /dɪˈveləpmənt/
3. Organization - /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/
4. Communication - /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/
5. Environment - /ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt/
