PSYCHOLOGY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT OF
CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS’ EXAM GUIDE |
RATED A+ | LATEST 2025/2026
Cognitive development: Impact on learning
- Correct Answer - Inconsistent learning performance
Low self-esteem makes interacting with other's hard which is exhibited
through bad behaviors.
Physical development: Impact on learning
- Correct Answer - Trouble relating to movement
Difficulty accessing learning environment
Trouble with reading and writing
Difficulty communicating
Language development: Impact on learning
- Correct Answer - Trouble understanding and processing verbal
information
Trouble following directions
Difficulty learning to read and spell
Social-Emotional development: Impact on learning
- Correct Answer - Inability to pay attention/Distracted
Interrupting class
Disengaging in class
,Inability to bond with teacher and peers
Lack of motivation
Negative attitude
Cognitive development: Learning needs
- Correct Answer - Support with organization
Support with procedures and routine
Repetition of directions
Extended time
Positive behavioral supports and nonpunitive approaches
Redirections
De-escalation
Communication support
Show study strategies to help with memory
Physical development: Learning needs
- Correct Answer - Extended time on tests
Positive and nonpunitive supports for behavior
Logistical and material support such as food, transportation, and clothing
Assistive technology
Mobility supports and accessible environments
Access to Braille, captioning, hearing systems where needed
Trauma- sensitive teaching
Language development: Learning needs
- Correct Answer - Reading support
Specialized reading instruction
Writing assistance and support
Specialized writing instruction
, Social skills coaching and teaching
Speech therapy
Expressive language instruction
Receptive language instruction
Assistive technology to support communication
Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)
Extra time on tests and when speaking
Advance notice when being called on
Social-Emotional development: Learning needs
- Correct Answer - Positive reinforcement
Low stress environment
Consistency
Academic support
Differentiated instruction
Structure and routine
Clear expectation
No surprises
Spearman
- Correct Answer - G-factor- Everyone has one type of intelligence, low,
average, high
Thurstone
- Correct Answer - Primary mental abilities- can score different in all
sections: word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual
speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, and memory
Gardner