PCAM Exam 1 - Natural Medicines in the Clinical
Management of Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia questions
with verified answers
(Hexavalent/Trivalent) chromium is found in foods and supplements
and is safe for humans. The other form, (hexavalent/trivalent)
chromium, is a known industrial toxin that can cause skin problems and
lung cancer. Ans✓✓✓ Trivalent; hexavalent
1 to 1.5 grams daily for 12 weeks of krill oil may (increase/decrease) TC
and LDL, (increase/decrease) HDL compared to fish oil and a placebo.
Ans✓✓✓ decrease; increase
1 to 5 grams/day of fish oil can reduce (TC/TG/LDL) by as much as 20 to
50%. Ans✓✓✓ TG
2 to 3 grams daily of krill oil may reduce ________ levels. Ans✓✓✓ TG
7-hydroxylation from coumarin metabolism, which is predominant in
humans, is metabolized by what enzyme? Ans✓✓✓ CYP2A6
According to individual small studies, modest glycemic benefit with
fermented Panax ginseng 2.7 grams/day for ________ or non-
fermented Panax ginseng 6 gram/day for ____________. Ans✓✓✓ 4
weeks; 8 to 12 weeks
,According to meta-analysis, patients with T2DM taking panax
(American) ginseng for 4-24 weeks show:
change in FBG?
change in A1c or insulin levels compared to control?
limitations? Ans✓✓✓ modest improvements in FBG
no change in A1c or insulin levels compared to control
several limitations
An analysis of these clinical studies shows that taking Cinnamomum
cassia 120 mg to 6 grams daily for ________ reduces fasting blood
glucose by an average of 24.6 mg/dL. Ans✓✓✓ 4 to 18 weeks
Banaba extract is also called what? Ans✓✓✓ Corosolic acid
(pentacyclic triterpene)
Benecol spread is an example of Free Plant Sterols, Esterified Sterols, or
Stanols? Ans✓✓✓ Stanols
Best results seem to occur when blond psyllium is taken with or
without a meal? Ans✓✓✓ with a meal
Chromium available as picolinate, nicotinate, or chloride. Which is the
form best absorbed? Ans✓✓✓ Picolinate
, Cinnamaldehyde was orally fed to diabetic rats, which caused
significant (increase/decrease) of plasma glucose and
(increase/decrease) insulin levels. Ans✓✓✓ decreased; increased
Cinnamon cassia antidiabetic components involve water-soluble
polyphenol polymers from cinnamon, that (increase/decrease) insulin-
dependent in vitro glucose metabolism roughly 20-fold and display
________ activity. Ans✓✓✓ increase; antioxidant
Consuming oats and oat bran for _______ as part of the diet can
significantly reduce blood glucose levels in patients with type 2
diabetes. Ans✓✓✓ 6 weeks
Diabetes can lead to deficiencies in _________ and _________. These
are good products to try and once the deficiency is corrected, can be
discontinued. Ans✓✓✓ chromium; magnesium
Evidence to support consuming green tea containing 150 to 2,500mg
catechins/day for up to _________ reduced TC 5-24mg/dL, LDL 2-25
mg/dL compared to controls. Ans✓✓✓ 24 weeks
FDA permits health claims for foods that contain ___% whole grains to
reduce the risk of heart disease. Ans✓✓✓ 51%
Management of Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia questions
with verified answers
(Hexavalent/Trivalent) chromium is found in foods and supplements
and is safe for humans. The other form, (hexavalent/trivalent)
chromium, is a known industrial toxin that can cause skin problems and
lung cancer. Ans✓✓✓ Trivalent; hexavalent
1 to 1.5 grams daily for 12 weeks of krill oil may (increase/decrease) TC
and LDL, (increase/decrease) HDL compared to fish oil and a placebo.
Ans✓✓✓ decrease; increase
1 to 5 grams/day of fish oil can reduce (TC/TG/LDL) by as much as 20 to
50%. Ans✓✓✓ TG
2 to 3 grams daily of krill oil may reduce ________ levels. Ans✓✓✓ TG
7-hydroxylation from coumarin metabolism, which is predominant in
humans, is metabolized by what enzyme? Ans✓✓✓ CYP2A6
According to individual small studies, modest glycemic benefit with
fermented Panax ginseng 2.7 grams/day for ________ or non-
fermented Panax ginseng 6 gram/day for ____________. Ans✓✓✓ 4
weeks; 8 to 12 weeks
,According to meta-analysis, patients with T2DM taking panax
(American) ginseng for 4-24 weeks show:
change in FBG?
change in A1c or insulin levels compared to control?
limitations? Ans✓✓✓ modest improvements in FBG
no change in A1c or insulin levels compared to control
several limitations
An analysis of these clinical studies shows that taking Cinnamomum
cassia 120 mg to 6 grams daily for ________ reduces fasting blood
glucose by an average of 24.6 mg/dL. Ans✓✓✓ 4 to 18 weeks
Banaba extract is also called what? Ans✓✓✓ Corosolic acid
(pentacyclic triterpene)
Benecol spread is an example of Free Plant Sterols, Esterified Sterols, or
Stanols? Ans✓✓✓ Stanols
Best results seem to occur when blond psyllium is taken with or
without a meal? Ans✓✓✓ with a meal
Chromium available as picolinate, nicotinate, or chloride. Which is the
form best absorbed? Ans✓✓✓ Picolinate
, Cinnamaldehyde was orally fed to diabetic rats, which caused
significant (increase/decrease) of plasma glucose and
(increase/decrease) insulin levels. Ans✓✓✓ decreased; increased
Cinnamon cassia antidiabetic components involve water-soluble
polyphenol polymers from cinnamon, that (increase/decrease) insulin-
dependent in vitro glucose metabolism roughly 20-fold and display
________ activity. Ans✓✓✓ increase; antioxidant
Consuming oats and oat bran for _______ as part of the diet can
significantly reduce blood glucose levels in patients with type 2
diabetes. Ans✓✓✓ 6 weeks
Diabetes can lead to deficiencies in _________ and _________. These
are good products to try and once the deficiency is corrected, can be
discontinued. Ans✓✓✓ chromium; magnesium
Evidence to support consuming green tea containing 150 to 2,500mg
catechins/day for up to _________ reduced TC 5-24mg/dL, LDL 2-25
mg/dL compared to controls. Ans✓✓✓ 24 weeks
FDA permits health claims for foods that contain ___% whole grains to
reduce the risk of heart disease. Ans✓✓✓ 51%
