EMT FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
When to suction a patient and what suction catheter would be best for
oropharynx - ANSWER -● Suction if you see any vomit, blood, mucus,
sputum
● Best catheter would be the yankauer or rigid tip because they have
wide-diameter tips and rigid
● suction on the way out no longer than 10-15 seconds
Signs and symptoms of "Spontaneous Pneumothorax" and "Tension
Pneumothorax" - ANSWER -Pneumothorax → A collapsed lung, and
accumulation of air in the pleural cavity.
● Spontaneous Pneumothorax
○ Not due to trauma
○ more medical condition
○ unequal chest rise
○ SOB
● Tension Pneumothorax
○ results from ongoing air accumulation in the pleural space
○ it's a further progression of pneumothorax
○ JVD
,○ tracheal deviation to opposite side of the collapsed lung
○ increased pressure in chest
○ commonly caused from blunt injury where rib lacerates lung or a
bronchiole
○ Unequal chest rise
○ SOB
Signs and symptoms of Pneumonia and its etiology - ANSWER -●
Infectious disease of the lungs that cause lung damage
● infection that causes inflammation of the air sacs and lungs
● can be viral or bacterial infection
● signs/symptoms
○ Brownish/ greenish sputum
○ Productive cough
○ wheezing or crackles
○ diminished lung sounds? usually starts in one chest
○ body aches
○ fever (bacterial)
○ if you press on the chest it hurts the patients.
○ chills
,signs and symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis and its etiology - ANSWER
-● Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
● Chronic Bronchitis
○ irritation of major lung passageways from infectious disease
○ tobacco is a bronchial/irritant
○ excess mucus is produced and obstructing small airways/ alveoli
○ BLUE BLOATERS
○ wheezing & crackles, rohnci
○ tachypnea
Difference between Systole and Diastole - ANSWER -● Systole
○ The ventricles are contracting
○ the increase pressure that is caused along the artery with each
contraction of the left ventricle
● Diastole
○ Heart is filling with blood
○ relaxing phase
○ is the residual pressure that remains in the arteries during the
relaxation phase of heart cycle when the left ventricle is at rest.
If a patient regains their pulses after the use of an AED, what should
we assist with? - ANSWER -assist with ventilations
, Know the major contraindications with NTG - ANSWER -● Indications
○ IF patient has chest pain due to cardiovascular origin (NOT
TRAUMA)
● Contraindications
○ Have taken sexual enhancement drugs in last 24 hours
○ head trauma
○ Blood pressure under 90
○ Altered mental status
○ allergy
● Mnemonic : 53 BASH
○ CHECK VITALS EVERY 5 MIN
○ UP TO 3 SPRAYS (SUBLIINGUAL, about 0.4)
○ Blood pressure under 90- don't give
○ Altered mental status
○ Sexual enhancement
○ Head trauma
AND 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
When to suction a patient and what suction catheter would be best for
oropharynx - ANSWER -● Suction if you see any vomit, blood, mucus,
sputum
● Best catheter would be the yankauer or rigid tip because they have
wide-diameter tips and rigid
● suction on the way out no longer than 10-15 seconds
Signs and symptoms of "Spontaneous Pneumothorax" and "Tension
Pneumothorax" - ANSWER -Pneumothorax → A collapsed lung, and
accumulation of air in the pleural cavity.
● Spontaneous Pneumothorax
○ Not due to trauma
○ more medical condition
○ unequal chest rise
○ SOB
● Tension Pneumothorax
○ results from ongoing air accumulation in the pleural space
○ it's a further progression of pneumothorax
○ JVD
,○ tracheal deviation to opposite side of the collapsed lung
○ increased pressure in chest
○ commonly caused from blunt injury where rib lacerates lung or a
bronchiole
○ Unequal chest rise
○ SOB
Signs and symptoms of Pneumonia and its etiology - ANSWER -●
Infectious disease of the lungs that cause lung damage
● infection that causes inflammation of the air sacs and lungs
● can be viral or bacterial infection
● signs/symptoms
○ Brownish/ greenish sputum
○ Productive cough
○ wheezing or crackles
○ diminished lung sounds? usually starts in one chest
○ body aches
○ fever (bacterial)
○ if you press on the chest it hurts the patients.
○ chills
,signs and symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis and its etiology - ANSWER
-● Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
● Chronic Bronchitis
○ irritation of major lung passageways from infectious disease
○ tobacco is a bronchial/irritant
○ excess mucus is produced and obstructing small airways/ alveoli
○ BLUE BLOATERS
○ wheezing & crackles, rohnci
○ tachypnea
Difference between Systole and Diastole - ANSWER -● Systole
○ The ventricles are contracting
○ the increase pressure that is caused along the artery with each
contraction of the left ventricle
● Diastole
○ Heart is filling with blood
○ relaxing phase
○ is the residual pressure that remains in the arteries during the
relaxation phase of heart cycle when the left ventricle is at rest.
If a patient regains their pulses after the use of an AED, what should
we assist with? - ANSWER -assist with ventilations
, Know the major contraindications with NTG - ANSWER -● Indications
○ IF patient has chest pain due to cardiovascular origin (NOT
TRAUMA)
● Contraindications
○ Have taken sexual enhancement drugs in last 24 hours
○ head trauma
○ Blood pressure under 90
○ Altered mental status
○ allergy
● Mnemonic : 53 BASH
○ CHECK VITALS EVERY 5 MIN
○ UP TO 3 SPRAYS (SUBLIINGUAL, about 0.4)
○ Blood pressure under 90- don't give
○ Altered mental status
○ Sexual enhancement
○ Head trauma
