MSN-FNP 570 MIDTERM EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
tissue damage
ATP - ANS Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that provides energy for cellular processes
NaCl - ANS Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt and essential for various
physiological functions
Free radicals - ANS Highly reactive molecules that can cause cellular damage and contribute
to the development of diseases
Cardiovascular disease - ANS A range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels,
including hypertension and ischemic heart disease
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,Missense mutation - ANS A genetic mutation that alters the amino acid sequence in a
protein, potentially affecting its function
Physiologic atrophy - ANS The natural process of shrinking or wasting away of a body part or
tissue, such as the thymus gland changes during childhood
Mitochondria - ANS Cellular organelles that generate energy and play a crucial role in
metabolism
DNA - ANS Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule carrying genetic instructions for growth,
development, and reproduction
Type one diabetes mellitus - ANS A chronic condition resulting from the pancreas producing
little or no insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels
Ribosomes - ANS Cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis
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, Protein synthesis - ANS The process by which cells generate new proteins, essential for
various cellular functions
Benign - ANS A non-invasive growth that does not spread to other parts of the body
Chromosomal abnormalities - ANS Disorders caused by missing, extra, or irregular portions
of chromosomal DNA, leading to genetic disorders
Tumor necrosis factor alpha - ANS A cell signaling protein involved in inflammation and
immune system functions
Interleukin one - ANS A group of cytokines regulating immune and inflammatory responses
Fertilization - ANS The fusion of gametes to initiate the development of a new individual
organism
Genetic expression - ANS The process by which information from a gene is used in the
synthesis of a functional gene product
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
tissue damage
ATP - ANS Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that provides energy for cellular processes
NaCl - ANS Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt and essential for various
physiological functions
Free radicals - ANS Highly reactive molecules that can cause cellular damage and contribute
to the development of diseases
Cardiovascular disease - ANS A range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels,
including hypertension and ischemic heart disease
COPYRIGHT © 2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Missense mutation - ANS A genetic mutation that alters the amino acid sequence in a
protein, potentially affecting its function
Physiologic atrophy - ANS The natural process of shrinking or wasting away of a body part or
tissue, such as the thymus gland changes during childhood
Mitochondria - ANS Cellular organelles that generate energy and play a crucial role in
metabolism
DNA - ANS Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule carrying genetic instructions for growth,
development, and reproduction
Type one diabetes mellitus - ANS A chronic condition resulting from the pancreas producing
little or no insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels
Ribosomes - ANS Cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis
COPYRIGHT © 2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Protein synthesis - ANS The process by which cells generate new proteins, essential for
various cellular functions
Benign - ANS A non-invasive growth that does not spread to other parts of the body
Chromosomal abnormalities - ANS Disorders caused by missing, extra, or irregular portions
of chromosomal DNA, leading to genetic disorders
Tumor necrosis factor alpha - ANS A cell signaling protein involved in inflammation and
immune system functions
Interleukin one - ANS A group of cytokines regulating immune and inflammatory responses
Fertilization - ANS The fusion of gametes to initiate the development of a new individual
organism
Genetic expression - ANS The process by which information from a gene is used in the
synthesis of a functional gene product
COPYRIGHT © 2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
